7,606 research outputs found
Home Cooking, Food Consumption and Food Production among the Unemployed and Retired Households
Utilizing the 1996 Canadian Food Expenditure survey matched with Canadian Nutrient File, we separate actual food consumption from observed expenditure and test the Permanent Income/Life Cycle Hypothesis on the true consumption data. We find that the lower food expenditure during periods of unemployment or retirement (previously reported in the literature), does not translate into poorer nutrition. Household calorie intake and major nutrient intake seem to be unaffected by changes in employment status. We find evidence that unemployed or retired households substitute food purchased from restaurants for food purchased for at home consumption. Further, with the 1998 Time Use Survey we find that individuals who are not employed devote more time for food preparation. Finally we present limited evidence that unemployed and retired households substitute precooked meals for meals made from primary ingredients.Food Production, Nutrition, Consumption Smoothing
Quantum Phase Imaging using Spatial Entanglement
Entangled photons have the remarkable ability to be more sensitive to signal
and less sensitive to noise than classical light. Joint photons can sample an
object collectively, resulting in faster phase accumulation and higher spatial
resolution, while common components of noise can be subtracted. Even more, they
can accomplish this while physically separate, due to the nonlocal properties
of quantum mechanics. Indeed, nearly all quantum optics experiments rely on
this separation, using individual point detectors that are scanned to measure
coincidence counts and correlations. Scanning, however, is tedious, time
consuming, and ill-suited for imaging. Moreover, the separation of beam paths
adds complexity to the system while reducing the number of photons available
for sampling, and the multiplicity of detectors does not scale well for greater
numbers of photons and higher orders of entanglement. We bypass all of these
problems here by directly imaging collinear photon pairs with an
electron-multiplying CCD camera. We show explicitly the benefits of quantum
nonlocality by engineering the spatial entanglement of the illuminating photons
and introduce a new method of correlation measurement by converting time-domain
coincidence counting into spatial-domain detection of selected pixels. We show
that classical transport-of-intensity methods are applicable in the quantum
domain and experimentally demonstrate nearly optimal (Heisenberg-limited) phase
measurement for the given quantum illumination. The methods show the power of
direct imaging and hold much potential for more general types of quantum
information processing and control
Interpreting the Electron EDM Constraint
The ACME collaboration has recently announced a new constraint on the
electron EDM, , from measurements
of the ThO molecule. This is a powerful constraint on CP-violating new physics:
even new physics generating the EDM at two loops is constrained at the
multi-TeV scale. We interpret the bound in the context of different scenarios
for new physics: a general order-of-magnitude analysis for both the electron
EDM and the CP-odd electron-nucleon coupling; 1-loop SUSY, probing sleptons
above 10 TeV; 2-loop SUSY, probing multi-TeV charginos or stops; and finally,
new physics that generates the EDM via the charm quark or top quark Yukawa
couplings. In the last scenario, new physics generates a "QULE operator" , which in turn generates the EDM through RG evolution. If the QULE
operator is generated at tree level, this corresponds to a previously studied
leptoquark model. For the first time, we also classify scenarios in which the
QULE operator is generated at one loop through a box diagram, which include
SUSY and leptoquark models. The electron EDM bound is the leading constraint on
a wide variety of theories of CP-violating new physics interacting with the
Higgs boson or the top quark. We argue that any future nonzero measurement of
an electron EDM will provide a strong motivation for constructing new colliders
at the highest feasible energies.Comment: 23 pages plus appendices, 16 figure
Being Bad in a Video Game can Make Us Morally Sensitive
Several researchers have demonstrated that the virtual behaviors committed in a video game can elicit feelings of guilt. Researchers have proposed that such guilt could have prosocial consequences. However, this proposition has not been supported with empirical evidence. The current study examined this issue in a 2 2 (video game play vs. real world recollection guilt vs. control) experiment. Participants were first randomly assigned to either play a video game or complete a memory recall task. Next, participants were randomly assigned to either a guilt-inducing condition (game play as a terrorist/recall of acts that induce guilt) or a control condition (game play as a UN soldier/recall of acts that do not induce guilt). Results of the study indicate several important findings. First, the current results replicate previous research indicating that immoral virtual behaviors are capable of eliciting guilt. Second, and more importantly, the guilt elicited by game play led to intuition-specific increases in the salience of violated moral foundations. These findings indicate that committing "immoral" virtual behaviors in a video game can lead to increased moral sensitivity of the player. The potential prosocial benefits of these findings are discussed.Advertisin
Ergonomic Evaluation of Scaffold Building
AbstractThe present study evaluated the ergonomic hazards that are associated with scaffold building/erecting for one of the local construction companies and proposed recommendations for solution/control measures to mitigate those hazards. Ergonomic hazards were identified based on field observation and conversation with workers, superintendents/foremen, and managers. REBA (Rapid Entire Body Assessment) was used to estimate the risks of entire-body injuries and disorders. Building/erecting scaffolds requires lifting/carrying heavy and bulky materials, awkward postures (e.g., reaching and holding overhead, and kneeling on the scaffolds), and repetitive motions (e.g., hammering the cuplocks). Exposure to these hazards lead to a high risk of musculoskeletal injuries and disorders, especially to the back and shoulder, for scaffold builders. Discussion among the researcher and the pertinent personnel of the company was made during presentation of the research findings, so recommendations for control measures could be better communicated. The recommendations include, but are not limited to: installing scaffold hoist pulley system or other hoist assistance systems, training provided to all field personnel on ergonomics of scaffold building/erecting, proper work-rest scheduling, and workplace stretching program
Examining Scientific Writing Styles from the Perspective of Linguistic Complexity
Publishing articles in high-impact English journals is difficult for scholars
around the world, especially for non-native English-speaking scholars (NNESs),
most of whom struggle with proficiency in English. In order to uncover the
differences in English scientific writing between native English-speaking
scholars (NESs) and NNESs, we collected a large-scale data set containing more
than 150,000 full-text articles published in PLoS between 2006 and 2015. We
divided these articles into three groups according to the ethnic backgrounds of
the first and corresponding authors, obtained by Ethnea, and examined the
scientific writing styles in English from a two-fold perspective of linguistic
complexity: (1) syntactic complexity, including measurements of sentence length
and sentence complexity; and (2) lexical complexity, including measurements of
lexical diversity, lexical density, and lexical sophistication. The
observations suggest marginal differences between groups in syntactical and
lexical complexity.Comment: 6 figure
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