2 research outputs found

    Extracto de prop贸leos y plectranthus amboinicus en el tratamiento de semillas de cebolla para control de aspergillus sp

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    Con gran preocupaci贸n por la salud y la necesidad de la preservaci贸n del medio ambiente, la b煤squeda por fuentes alternativas de control de enfermedades viene creciendo en la agricultura. Las recientes investigaciones muestran la variedad de productos naturales que poseen eficiencia para el control de pat贸genos en su composici贸n. El objetivo fue evaluar el efecto de extracto de prop贸leos y Plecthanthus amboinicus (menta-pimienta) en el tratamiento de semillas de cebolla inoculadas con Aspergillus sp. Las semillas utilizadas de cebolla fueron inoculadas con el hongo Aspergillus sp., y los tratamientos fueron soluciones de prop贸leos y P. amboinicus en las siguientes concentraciones: 0; 5; 15 y 25%, con agitaci贸n de cinco minutos. El experimento fue montado en factorial 2 x 4 en delineamiento enteramente casualizado con cinco repeticiones. Para las soluciones de P. amboinicus hubo la preparaci贸n de medios de cultivo con BDA (papa-dextrosa-agar) e insertados discos de 5 mm del hongo, para que hubiera la verificaci贸n del efecto in vitro en el desarrollo del pat贸geno. Las caracter铆sticas evaluadas fueron: di谩metro del halo de crecimiento del hongo (prueba in vitro); test de sanidad; primer conteo de germinaci贸n; germinaci贸n; masa seca de pl谩ntula; tama帽o de ra铆z primaria y parte a茅rea de pl谩ntula, y an谩lisi de emergencia. Los extractos de menta-pimienta y de prop贸leos no fueron eficientes en el control del hongo Aspergillus sp. Tambi茅n el extracto de menta-pimienta puede haber provocado fitotoxicidad, desencadenando menores valores para la mayor铆a de las caracter铆sticas de calidad fisiol贸gica de estas semillas, en comparaci贸n con el extracto de prop贸leos.Fil: L铆vero Carvalho, Beatriz. Universidad Estadual Paulista "J煤lio de Mesquita Filho" (Brasil)Fil: Varini Santos dos Anjos, Louyne. Universidad Estadual Paulista "J煤lio de Mesquita Filho" (Brasil)Fil: Gomes Nakada Freitas, P芒mela. Universidad Estadual Paulista "J煤lio de Mesquita Filho" (Brasil)Fil: Ismael In谩cio Cardoso, Antonio. Universidad Estadual Paulista "J煤lio de Mesquita Filho" (Brasil)Fil: Silveira Amador, Talita. Universidad Estadual Paulista "J煤lio de Mesquita Filho" (Brasil

    Initial Studies of the Response of Rubber Tree Seedlings Treated with Saprobic Fungi from the Semiarid Region of Northeast Brazil to Anthracnose

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    Anthracnose, caused by fungi of the genus Colletotrichum, is present in the main areas where rubber trees (Hevea brasiliensis) are planted. Thus, considering that biological agents can be an alternative for disease control, the present study aimed to carry out initial studies to investigate the response of rubber tree seedlings inoculated with Colletotrichum and treated with saprobes fungi from the semiarid region of Northeast Brazil (Curvularia eragrostidis, Memnoniella levispora, Myrothecium roridum and Phialomyces macrosporus). Seedlings of the rubber tree clone RRIM600 were sprayed with biocontrol agents as preventive and curative treatments seven days before and after C. tamarilloi inoculation, respectively. Assessments included plant response to disease expression based on the percentage of symptomatic area on treated leaves, percentage of graft death, and percentage of apical death in seedlings 30 days after inoculation with C. tamarilloi. In addition, the enzymes peroxidase and phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) had their activity quantified by their association with plant resistance to pathogens. The fungus C. eragrostidis had the best result in controlling anthracnose when applied as a preventive treatment, showing 10% less disease than the untreated plant. The same was observed for the fungus P. macrosporus when used in the curative form. These fungi also reduced the graft death. In these cases, PAL activity was higher and may be linked to the induction of resistance against the pathogen. The peroxidase activity was not expressive for treatments with saprobic fungi in the periods studied. Therefore, among the tested fungi, C. eragrostidis and P. macrosporus are promising for the control of anthracnose, deserving further studies
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