Competencies abroad : An inquiry into the Tunisian diaspora and scientific contributions to national development

Migratory dynamics are strongly marked by the globalization of national economies whose competitiveness would be better measured in terms of a mobilized “capital of competencies”. This notion of “competence abroad” forms the basis for a scientific diaspora. However the implication of the latter for the development of the country of origin is marked by ambivalence. Empirical results show an array of obstacles explaining the limited engagement of expatriated Tunisian competencies. The scientific and technical competencies of the Tunisian diaspora did not meet with the conditions necessary for the emergence of a real diaspora. Cultural, organizational and administrative impediments associated with the absence of a clear and well defined governmental vision constitute the most important obstacle to their implication

047 Coronary angioplasty of the chronic total occlusion. Outcome and study of the Balance Risc and Benefit. A study of 62 cases

Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) of the coronary chronic total occlusion (CTO) is widely discussed because of the difficulty and the risks of the procedure and the controversial but very interesting clinical benefit in case of procedure success.ObjectiveTo evaluate the in-hospital and long-term clinical outcome of PCI in the case of CTO and measure the adverse effects and complications.Methods62 cases of PCI for a CTO were consecutively registered from January 2005 to February 2009. In addition to an assessment of the technical characteristics and procedural outcomes, patients were followed for occurrence of major adverse cardiac events (MACE). These patients are distributed in two groups: (A) for the occlusion between 1 and 3 months age and (B) for the occlusion of more than 3 months age.Results68 lesions were treated in these 62 patients (47 male and 15 female) with mean age of 59 years (40-80). 42% of theses patients were diabetics, 48% smoker and 26% with hypertension. 27 patients had an ST elevation acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and 24 a non ST elevation ACS, where 2 had stable angina. Balloon angioplasty was performed in only 4 cases and the stenting in 58 cases with use of 64 stents (average of 1.1 stent / artery and of 1.2 stent / patient), we used drug eluting stent in only 10 case (15.6%). Total procedure success rate, defined by a patent artery (less then 30% residual stenosis) with TIMI 3 flow (grade 3) at the end of the PCI was 83% (57/68). The success was better in the group A 90% (29/32) then the group B 77% (28/36) (P<0.05). The most frequent cause of procedure failures was unsuccessful crossing with the wire in 6 cases and no severe acute complications were done. Theses CTO required long procedures with an average time of fluoroscopy of 30 ‘13’, an average calculated dose radiation DAP of 20611 cGy / cm2 and a high mean amount of contrast media 289.46 ml. At the preliminary clinical results, patients with successful PCI of a CTO had a significantly better clinical outcome than those whose PCI was unsuccessful

Dossier : S'opposer au Maghreb

Existe-t-il encore une opposition aux régimes maghrébins ? Qui sont les acteurs de cette opposition ? Comment sont-ils organisés ? Quelle est leur audience ? Quels sont leurs objectifs, leurs moyens d’action politique et leurs stratégies ? Le dossier coordonné par Thierry Desrues et Miguel Hernando de Larramendi s’attache à répondre à ces questionnements. Il montre combien il est difficile pour les acteurs politiques maghrébins de se mobiliser et par extension de s’opposer. Ne pouvant s’exprimer librement dans l’espace institutionnel officiel, l’opposition prend souvent des chemins de traverse et se réfugie à l’université, dans la mosquée ou encore aujourd’hui dans le cyberespace où des opposants de tout poil, islamistes, gauchistes, nationalistes arabes et libéraux critiquent quotidiennement les régimes politiques maghrébins. Un débat de recherche essentiel à côté duquel on retrouve les rubriques habituelles de L’Année du Maghreb : Chroniques politiques, Gros Plans, Études thématiques, ainsi que des sujets à la pointe de l’actualité portant sur la réforme financière au Maroc, l’Union pour la Méditerranée ou l’état du conflit du Sahara occidental. Éric Gobe, rédacteur en che

Widespread exploitation of the honeybee by early neolithic farmers

The pressures on honeybee (Apis mellifera) populations, resulting from threats by modern pesticides, parasites, predators and diseases, have raised awareness of the economic importance and critical role this insect plays in agricultural societies across the globe. However, the association of humans with A. mellifera predates post-industrial-revolution agriculture, as evidenced by the widespread presence of ancient Egyptian bee iconography dating to the Old Kingdom (approximately 2400 BC)(1). There are also indications of Stone Age people harvesting bee products; for example, honey hunting is interpreted from rock art(2) in a prehistoric Holocene context and a beeswax find in a pre-agriculturalist site(3). However, when and where the regular association of A. mellifera with agriculturalists emerged is unknown(4). One of the major products of A. mellifera is beeswax, which is composed of a complex suite of lipids including n-alkanes, n-alkanoic acids and fatty acyl wax esters. The composition is highly constant as it is determined genetically through the insect's biochemistry. Thus, the chemical 'fingerprint' of beeswax provides a reliable basis for detecting this commodity in organic residues preserved at archaeological sites, which we now use to trace the exploitation by humans of A. mellifera temporally and spatially. Here we present secure identifications of beeswax in lipid residues preserved in pottery vessels of Neolithic Old World farmers. The geographical range of bee product exploitation is traced in Neolithic Europe, the Near East and North Africa, providing the palaeoecological range of honeybees during prehistory. Temporally, we demonstrate that bee products were exploited continuously, and probably extensively in some regions, at least from the seventh millennium cal BC, likely fulfilling a variety of technological and cultural functions. The close association of A. mellifera with Neolithic farming communities dates to the early onset of agriculture and may provide evidence for the beginnings of a domestication process

Abstracts of the First International Conference on Advances in Electrical and Computer Engineering 2023

This book presents extended abstracts of the selected contributions to the First International Conference on Advances in Electrical and Computer Engineering (ICAECE'2023), held on 15-16 May 2023 by the Faculty of Science and Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Echahid Cheikh Larbi Tebessi, Tebessa-Algeria. ICAECE'2023 was delivered in-person and virtually and was open for researchers, engineers, academics, and industrial professionals from around the world interested in new trends and advances in current topics of Electrical and Computer Engineering. Conference Title: First International Conference on Advances in Electrical and Computer Engineering 2023Conference Acronym: ICAECE'2023Conference Date: 15-16 May 2023Conference Venue: University of Echahid Cheikh Larbi Tebessi, Tebessa-AlgeriaConference Organizer: Faculty of Science and Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Echahid Cheikh Larbi Tebessi, Tebessa-Algeri