ОСНОВНІ СПОСОБИ ВИГОТОВЛЕННЯ КЛІШЕ ПЕЧАТОК І ШТАМПІВ

The basic ways of manufacturing of the seals and stamps cliche which prints meet now on documents are considered. The seals (stamps) concern them made: 1) by an engraving directly on metal (thuspainting substance is not used, and on a paper the relief print is formed); 2) by vulcanization of rubber with use of type-setting fonts or linotype sets; 3) with use regilon and termoflon; 4) way of vulcanization of rubber from the matrixes received by milling; 5) with use of microporous rubber in the block with a stamp pillow. The resulted ways of manufacturing of the seals cliche are labour-consuming, include many stages and have not received distribution to Ukraine. Today in Ukraine the most widespread are such ways of manufacturing of the seals and stamps cliche: a photopolymeric way; a way of a laser engraving of rubber; manufacturing of the seals and stamps from microporous rubber on flesh-technology. The photopolymeric printing form receive by image copying on a layer of a material which fotopolymerize and forms the image, with the subsequent washing away not polymerizing sites. In a way of a laser engraving of rubber energy is applied to formation of relief images on a cliche powerful, is thin the focused laser beam. Manufacturing of the seals and stamps with flesh-technology use is based on reproduction of the image of a breadboard model on special microporous thermosensitive rubber at its roasting. Microporous rubber becomes impregnated with a stamp paint which by pressing a cliche through an open time is squeezed out on a paper and forms a print. Comparison of manufacturing ways of the seals and stamps cliche allows to draw a conclusion that the photopolymeric way is today the most simple, cheap, fast and accessible.Розглянуто основні способи виготовлення кліше печаток і штампів, відтиски яких зустрічаються сьогодні на документах. Особливу увагу приділено кліше, виготовленим фотополімерним способом, способом лазерного гравіювання гуми, а також печаткам і штампам із мікропористої гуми, виготовленим за флеш-технологією