Classification of constraints using chain by chain method

We introduce "chain by chain" method for constructing the constraint structure of a system possessing both first and second class constraints. We show that the whole constraints can be classified into completely irreducible first or second class chains. We found appropriate redefinition of second class constraints to obtain a symplectic algebra among them.Comment: 23 pages, to appear in Int. J. Mod. Phys.

Massive Spinors and dS/CFT Correspondence

Using the map between free massless spinors on d+1 dimensional Minkowski spacetime and free massive spinors on $dS_{d+1}$, we obtain the boundary term that should be added to the standard Dirac action for spinors in the dS/CFT correspondence. It is shown that this map can be extended only to theories with vertex ({\bar\p}\p)^2 but arbitrary $d\ge1$. In the case of scalar field theories such an extension can be made only for $d=2,3,5$ with vertices $\phi^6$, $\phi^4$ and $\phi^3$ respectively

phi-fourth model on a circle

The four dimensional critical scalar theory at equilibrium with a thermal bath at temperature $T$ is considered. The thermal equilibrium state is labeled by $n$ the winding number of the vacua around the compact imaginary-time direction which compactification radius is 1/T. The effective action for zero modes is a three dimensional $\phi^4$ scalar theory in which the mass of the the scalar field is proportional to $n/T$ resembling the Kaluza-Klein dimensional reduction. Similar results are obtained for the theory at zero temperature but in a one-dimensional potential well. Since parity is violated by the vacua with odd vacuum number $n$, in such cases there is also a cubic term in the effective potential. The $\phi^3$-term contribution to the vacuum shift at one-loop is of the same order of the contribution from the $\phi^4$-term in terms of the coupling constant of the four dimensional theory but becomes negligible as $n$ tends to infinity. Finally, the relation between the scalar classical vacua and the corresponding SU(2) instantons on $S^1\times{\mathbb R}^3$ in the 't Hooft ansatz is studied.Comment: 9 pages, revtex4, to appear in Phys.Lett.