First report of plant fungal pathogen Zasmidium musae associated with moribund eggs of ornate spiny lobster (Panulirus ornatus) in Sabah

Fungal infections have been reported as one of the main hindrances for successful crustacean seed production. In a shrimp hatchery of Universiti Malaysia Sabah, abnormal sponge development of the ornate spiny lobster Panulirus ornatus was observed and it was suspected as fungal infection due to a change in sponge colour. Fungus was isolated from egg samples of P. ornatus and transferred to Peptone-Yeast-Glucose-Seawater (PYGS) agar to identify and to reveal its morphological characteristics. Interestingly, the isolate in PYGS broth transferred into sterilized seawater did not show any characteristic feature of any asexual reproduction of Oomycete infection on crustacean. Consequently, slide culture was performed for a more detailed examination, where the fungus isolate showed septate hyphae and vesicle-like fruiting body only upon staining via Iodine-Glycerol stain. Based on the morphological characteristic features, the present isolate was determined as a non-oomycete organism and designated as IPMB LE01 strain. According to the ITS nucleotide sequence analyses of IPMB LE01, it has matched to Zasmidium musae. This species was mainly reported in plant fungal infection and rarely observed in aquatic animals. Hence, it is considered as the first report of fungus-associated on the moribund eggs of ornate spiny lobster in Sabah

Gastrointestinal Microbiota of Spiny Lobster: A Review

The gastrointestinal (GI) microbiota is a group of complex and dynamic microorganisms present in the GI tract of an organism that live in symbiosis with the host and benefit the host with various biological functions. The communities of GI microbiota are formed by various aerobic, anaerobic, and facultatively anaerobic bacteria in aquatic species. In spiny lobsters, common GI microorganisms found in the GI tract are Vibrio, Pseudomonas, Bacillus, Micrococcus, and Flavobacterium, where the structure and abundance of these microbes are varied depending on the environment. GI microbiotas hold an important role and significantly affect the overall condition of spiny lobsters, such as secreting digestive enzymes (lipase, protease, and cellulase), helping in digesting food intake, providing nutrition and synthesising vitamins needed by the host system, and protecting the host against infection from pathogens and diseases by activating an immune mechanism in the GI tract. The microorganisms in the water column, sediment, and diet are primarily responsible for altering, manipulating, and shaping GI microbial structures and communities. This review also highlights the possibilities of isolating the indigenous GI microbiota as a potential probiotic strain and introducing it to spiny lobster juveniles and larvae for better health management

Axial Globe Position Measurement: A Prospective Multicenter Study by the International Thyroid Eye Disease Society

Identify a reproducible measure of axial globe position (AGP) for multicenter studies on patients with thyroid eye disease (TED)

Frozen Eye in Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis (Wegener's)

Ocular involvement in Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis (GP or Wegener Granulomatosis) is a potentially serious disease manifestation which needs prompt diagnosis and treatment. We report a case of a 59-year-old man with known GP for nine years who presented with a left frozen eye. Definite histological diagnosis with biopsy allowed prompt exclusion of infections and neoplasms and permitted institution of increased immunosuppression to avoid further progression of disease

Gastrointestinal Microbiota of Spiny Lobster : A Review

The gastrointestinal (GI) microbiota is a group of complex and dynamic microorganisms present in the GI tract of an organism that live in symbiosis with the host and benefit the host with various biological functions. The communities of GI microbiota are formed by various aerobic, anaerobic, and facultatively anaerobic bacteria in aquatic species. In spiny lobsters, common GI microorganisms found in the GI tract are Vibrio, Pseudomonas, Bacillus, Micrococcus, and Flavobacterium, where the structure and abundance of these microbes are varied depending on the environment. GI microbiotas hold an important role and significantly affect the overall condition of spiny lobsters, such as secreting digestive enzymes (lipase, protease, and cellulase), helping in digesting food intake, providing nutrition and synthesising vitamins needed by the host system, and protecting the host against infection from pathogens and diseases by activating an immune mechanism in the GI tract. The microorganisms in the water column, sediment, and diet are primarily responsible for altering, manipulating, and shaping GI microbial structures and communities. This review also highlights the possibilities of isolating the indigenous GI microbiota as a potential probiotic strain and introducing it to spiny lobster juveniles and larvae for better health management

Gastrointestinal Microbiota of Spiny Lobster : A Review

The gastrointestinal (GI) microbiota is a group of complex and dynamic microorganisms present in the GI tract of an organism that live in symbiosis with the host and benefit the host with various biological functions.The communities of GI microbiota are formed by various aerobic, anaerobic, and facultatively anaerobic bacteria in aquatic species. In spiny lobsters, common GI microorganisms found in the GI tract are Vibrio, Pseudomonas, Bacillus, Micrococcus, and Flavobacterium, where the structure and abundance of these microbes are varied depending on the environment.GI microbiotas hold an important role and significantly affect the overall condition of spiny lobsters, such as secreting digestive enzymes (lipase, protease, and cellulase), helping in digesting food intake, providing nutrition and synthesising vitamins needed by the host system, and protecting the host against infection from pathogens and diseases by activating an immune mechanism in the GI tract.The microorganisms in the water column, sediment, and diet are primarily responsible for altering, manipulating, and shaping GI microbial structures and communities.This review also highlights the possibilities of isolating the indigenous GI microbiota as a potential probiotic strain and introducing it to spiny lobster juveniles and larvae for better health management

Public Awareness and Practices Towards Self-Medication with Antibiotics Among Malaysian Population: Questionnaire Development and Pilot Testing

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