877 research outputs found
The compelling case of the Bowraville murders and its implications for criminal law
Analysis of the judgment of the Court of Appeal in Attorney General v XX [2018] NSWCCA 198 and its implications for practitioners briefed in attempts to retry accused under the double jeopardy provisions of the Crimes (Appeal and Review) Act 2006
Police Silence and Aboriginal Deaths in Custody
Reviewing the application of the civil penalty privilege to death in custody inquest
Could the 'Great Writ' lie to release prisoners at risk from COVID-19?
Theorises the application of Habeas Corpus to release prisoners at risk of Covid-1
Semiclassical Quantization by Pade Approximant to Periodic Orbit Sums
Periodic orbit quantization requires an analytic continuation of
non-convergent semiclassical trace formulae. We propose a method for
semiclassical quantization based upon the Pade approximant to the periodic
orbit sums. The Pade approximant allows the re-summation of the typically
exponentially divergent periodic orbit terms. The technique does not depend on
the existence of a symbolic dynamics and can be applied to both bound and open
systems. Numerical results are presented for two different systems with chaotic
and regular classical dynamics, viz. the three-disk scattering system and the
circle billiard.Comment: 7 pages, 3 figures, submitted to Europhys. Let
Collisionless shock acceleration of narrow energy spread ion beams from mixed species plasmas using 1 m lasers
Collisionless shock acceleration of protons and C ions has been
achieved by the interaction of a 10 W/cm, 1 m laser with a
near-critical density plasma. Ablation of the initially solid density target by
a secondary laser allowed for systematic control of the plasma profile. This
enabled the production of beams with peaked spectra with energies of 10-18
MeV/a.m.u. and energy spreads of 10-20 with up to 3x10 particles within
these narrow spectral features. The narrow energy spread and similar velocity
of ion species with different charge-to-mass ratio are consistent with
acceleration by the moving potential of a shock wave. Particle-in-cell
simulations show shock accelerated beams of protons and C ions with
energy distributions consistent with the experiments. Simulations further
indicate the plasma profile determines the trade-off between the beam charge
and energy and that with additional target optimization narrow energy spread
beams exceeding 100 MeV/a.m.u. can be produced using the same laser conditions.Comment: Accepted for publication in Physical Review Accelerators and Beam
Randomized clinical trial of postoperative chewing gum versus standard care after colorectal resection
Background
Chewing gum may stimulate gastrointestinal motility, with beneficial effects on postoperative ileus suggested in small studies. The primary aim of this trial was to determine whether chewing gum reduces length of hospital stay (LOS) after colorectal resection. Secondary aims included examining bowel habit symptoms, complications and healthcare costs.
Methods
This clinical trial allocated patients randomly to standard postoperative care with or without chewing gum (sugar-free gum for at least 10 min, four times per day on days 1–5) in five UK hospitals. The primary outcome was LOS. Cox regression was used to calculate hazard ratios for LOS.
Results
Data from 402 of 412 patients, of whom 199 (49·5 per cent) were allocated to chewing gum, were available for analysis. Some 40 per cent of patients in both groups had laparoscopic surgery, and all study sites used enhanced recovery programmes. Median (i.q.r.) LOS was 7 (5–11) days in both groups (P = 0·962); the hazard ratio for use of gum was 0·94 (95 per cent c.i. 0·77 to 1·15; P = 0·557). Participants allocated to gum had worse quality of life, measured using the EuroQoL 5D-3L, than controls at 6 and 12 weeks after operation (but not on day 4). They also had more complications graded III or above according to the Dindo–Demartines–Clavien classification (16 versus 6 in the group that received standard care) and deaths (11 versus 0), but none was classed as related to gum. No other differences were observed.
Conclusion
Chewing gum did not alter the return of bowel function or LOS after colorectal resection
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