L’andamento della produzione brevettuale nella regione Friuli Venezia Giulia: un’analisi quali-quantitativa nel periodo 2008-2011

Guido Bortoluzzi, Enrico Longato, "L’andamento della produzione brevettuale nella regione Friuli Venezia Giulia: un’analisi quali-quantitativa nel periodo 2008-2011", DEAMS Research Paper Series 1, 2013In this paper we analyze 1026 patent applications filed by firms and inventors from the Friuli Venezia Giulia region in the 2008-2011 period. Applications have been analyzed, among the other variables, per type of applicant, industry and market segment. Conclusions have been derived on the quantity and on the technological trajectories that characterise local firm

Support an S-duct optimization design study using state-of-the-art Machine Learning techniques

Manage the state-of-the-art method and tools in computational engineering design area, including stochastic optimisation, machine learning, computational fluid dynamics, and flexible geometry management algorithmsope

Role of the ancillary ligands on the stabilization of the imino-oxo tautomer of 1-methylcytosine in PtII complexes

The mixed nucleobases complexes cis-[L2Pt{1-MeTy(-H)}(1-MeCy,N3)]NO3 (L = PPh3, 1a; PMePh2, 1b), containing the N(3)-deprotonated 1-methylthymine (1-MeTy(-H)) and the neutral 1-methylcytosine (1-MeCy) have been prepared and characterised. The compounds were obtained by reacting the hydroxo complexes cis-[L2Pt(μ-OH)]2(NO3)2 with 1-methylthymine (1-MeTy), followed by the addition of 1 equivalent of 1-MeCy. In solution of DMSO, DMF or chlorinated solvents, 1a converts quantitatively into the isomer cis-[L2Pt{1-MeTy(-H)}(1-MeCy,N4)]NO3 (2a) containing the tautomeric form of the cytosine stabilized through the coordination at the N(4) atom, as shown by single-crystal X-ray analysis. The structural determination of 2a shows the presence in the unit cell of two crystallographic independent complexes having similar conformation, with a different orientation of the two nucleobases (head–head and head–tail) according to the presence of both isomers in solution. Complex 1b, having the less hindered PMePh2 ligands, in DMSO solution, contains the tautomeric forms of the cytosine in equilibrium and the migration of the metal from the N(3) to N(4) site occurs only to a minor extent

Mono- and Polynuclear Complexes of the Model Nucleobase 1-Methylcytosine. Synthesis and Characterization of cis-[(PMe2Ph)2Pt{(1-MeCy(−H)}]3(NO3)3 and cis-[(PPh3)2Pt{1-MeCy(−H)}(1-MeCy)]NO3

The hydroxo complex cis-[L2Pt(μ-OH)]2(NO3)2 (L = PMe2Ph), in various solvents, reacts with 1-methylcytosine (1-MeCy) to give as the final product the cyclic species cis-[L2Pt{1-MeCy(−H),N 3N 4}]3(NO3)3 (1) in high or quantitative yield. X-ray analysis of 1 evidences a trinuclear species with the NH2-deprotonated nucleobases bridging symmetrically the metal centers through the N3 and N4 donors. A multinuclear NMR study of the reaction in DMSO-d6 reveals the initial formation of the dinuclear species cis-[L2Pt{1-MeCy(−H),N 3N 4}]22+ (2), which quantitatively converts into 1 following a first-order kinetic law (at 50 °C, t1/2 = 5 h). In chlorinated solvents, the deprotonation of the nucleobase affords as the major product (60−70%) the linkage isomer of 1, cis-[L2Pt{1-MeCy(−H)}]33+ (3), in which three cytosinate ligands bridge unsymmetrically three cis-L2Pt2+ units. In solution, 3 slowly converts quantitatively into the thermodynamically more stable isomer 1. No polynuclear adducts were obtained with the hydroxo complex stabilized by PPh3. cis-[(PPh3)2Pt(μ-OH)]2(NO3)2 reacts with 1-MeCy, in DMSO or CH2Cl2, to give the mononuclear species cis-[(PPh3)2Pt{1-MeCy(−H)}(1-MeCy)](NO3) (4) containing one neutral and one NH2-deprotonated 1-MeCy molecule, coordinated to the same metal center at the N3 and N4 sites, respectively. X-ray analysis and NMR studies show an intramolecular H bond between the N4 amino group and the uncoordinated N3 atom of the two nucleobases

Irreversible Insertion of Benzonitrile into Platinum ( II ) - Nitrogen Bonds of Nucleobase Complexes. Synthesis and Structural Characterization of Stable Azametallacycle Compounds

Deprotonation of 1-methylcytosine (1-MeCy) and 9-methyladenine (9-MeAd) promoted by cis-[L2Pt(μ-OH)]2(NO3)2 (L = PPh3, PMePh2, 1/2dppe) in PhCN causes the irreversible insertion of a nitrile molecule into the Pt−N4 and Pt−N6 bonds of the cytosinate and adeninate ligands, respectively, to form the stable azametallacycle complexes cis-[L2PtNH═C(Ph){1-MeCy(−2H)}]NO3 (L = PPh3, 1; PMePh2, 2; 1/2dppe, 3) and cis-[L2PtNH═C(Ph){9-MeAd(−2H)}]NO3 (L = PPh3, 4; PMePh2, 5) containing the deprotonated form of the molecules (Z)-9-N-(1-methyl-2-oxo-2,3-dihydropyrimidin-4(1H)-ylidene)benzimidamide and (Z)-N-(9-methyl-1H-purin-6(9H)-ylidene)benzimidamide. Single-crystal X-ray analyses of 2 and 4 show the metal coordinated to the N3 cytosine site [Pt−N3 = 2.112(7) Å̊] and to the N1 site of adenine [Pt−N1 = 2.116(6) Å̊] and to the nitrogen atom of the inserted benzonitrile [Pt−N2 = 2.043(6) and 2.010(6) Å̊ in 2 and 4, respectively], with the exocyclic nucleobase amino nitrogen bound to the carbon atom of the CN group. Complex 2, in solution, undergoes a dynamic process related to a partially restricted rotation around Pt−P bonds, arising from a steric interaction of the oxygen atom of the cytosine with one ring of the phosphine ligands. The reaction of 4 with acetylacetone (Hacac) causes the quantitative protonation of the anionic ligand, affording the acetylacetonate complex cis-[(PPh3)2Pt(acac)]NO3 and the free benzimidamide NH═C(Ph){9-MeAd(−H)}. In the same experimental conditions, complex 3 reacts with Hacac only partially

Climate change adaptation mainstreaming through strategic environmental assessments. An in-depth analysis of environmental indicators from spatial plans in Friuli Venezia Giulia Region (Italy)

Climate change adaptation, CCA henceforth, is nowadays a shared concern, deeply investigated and advocated by international research and political organisations. However, both CCA implementation and its monitoring and evaluation (M&E) are challenges yet to be properly addressed. From a spatial planning perspective, local plans are the land-use-oriented tools with the highest potential to enhance CCA operativity. Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA) is also acknowledged to be a key instrument to integrate climate change concerns and hence, to monitor and evaluate climate change (CC) risks and CCA efforts. This study addresses two hypotheses, i.e., i) indicators included in SEAs' spatial plans may be used at the service of CCA M&E, ii) the full extent of indicators can be captured by multi-level planning analyses. To this aim, this study provides an in-depth analysis, through a multi-step systematic categorization, of the indicators used within the SEA of regional and municipal plans in the Friuli Venezia Giulia Region (Italy). This study brings novelty in the SEA research field by bridging the climate risk theoretical principles to the methodological approach for analysing SEAs' indicators, which are classified within the risk function frame. Key insights come from the metrics, the indicators' explicitness for CCA, and the indicators' extent into the climate risk function. Finally, the paper paves the way for further research of CC- and CCA-related indicators in both spatial planning and other public sectors to support CCA mainstreaming through SEAs

Including Urban Metabolism Principles in Decision-Making: A Methodology for Planning Waste and Resource Management

Circular economy and urban metabolism concepts have recently received great attention both in the political and academic arenas, starting a roll-over process of the \u201ctake, make, and dispose\u201d dominant economic model that is leading to an ongoing increase of resource consumption and waste generation. However, there is a relative lack of guidelines for introducing such concepts in a decision-making process able to support the design of appropriate policies and strategies and the definition of specific actions to cope with such challenges. This paper attempts to contribute to the recent efforts at incorporating these concepts in policy and decision-making processes by providing a methodology for the development of strategic plans for waste prevention and resource management. The proposed methodology, developed within the Urban_WINS project, combines different quantitative\u2013analytical and qualitative methods and tools, together with a participatory process. The methodology was tested in eight EU cities and allowed to formulate several measures and actions aimed at addressing the challenges posed by the current consumption patterns. Moreover, the participatory approach led to the legitimization of the strategic plans, as well as to raise awareness among stakeholders. Although it might require specific tailor-made adjustments, this methodology is suitable to be replicated in other contexts