Eastern Hemlock Response to Even- and Uneven-Age Management in the Acadian Forest: Results from the Penobscot Experimental Forest

Eastern hemlock (Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carr.) is an important tree species in the mixed-species conifer forests of northern New England and adjacent Canada. Hemlock is very tolerant of understory conditions; consequently, it responds differently to various silvicultural treatments. In a long-term study at the Penobscot Experimental Forest in east-central Maine, shelterwood silviculture reduced the hemlock component in regenerating stands compared to parent stands, while hemlock increased in abundance and dominance under selection silviculture. On sites where hemlock is common, managers have some control over it

ANOMALOUS FEATURES OF THE LOSS OF K FROM HUMAN RED CELLS: RESULTS OF EXTENDED OBSERVATIONS

This paper is concerned with a more complete investigation of three unexpected observations made in the course of studies (Ponder, 1948 a, b, 1949, 1950 b) of K-Na exchanges in human red ceils in systems containing neither added glucose nor added lysin. The first of these is that the curve which describes the K content of the cell as a function of time at low temperatures proceeds apparently exponentially towards an asymptote corresponding to a greater cell K content than that which would result from the cell K content becoming equal to the K content of the surrounding medium; some of the cell K seems to leave it more slowly than the remainder. The second is that the curves which describe the K content of the cell as a function of time at 37°C. pursue an apparently exponential course for about 24 hours, but again appear to pass towards asymptotes much higher than those which would correspond to a uniform distribution of K throughout the system. The third concerns the volume changes associated with K-Na exchanges occurring in the absence of added hemolysins, both at low temperatures and at 37°C

Community Profile 2 People and Places Regional orientation

state of New York. It is an unincorporated area within the Town of Hempstead (Oceanside Chamber of Commerce 2005). Oceanside sits north of Long Beach with its southern boarder lying between Wreck Lead Channel and East Channel, within South Oyster Bay. The total area of Oceanside is 5.4mi 2 of which 5.0 mi is land and 0.4 mi (7.38%) is water (USGS 2008)

Society of Nuclear Medicine Procedure Guideline for Gallium Scintigraphy in Inflammation

The purpose of this guideline is to assist nuclear medicine practitioners in recommending, performing, interpreting, and reporting the results of 67 Ga inflammation scintigraphy. Alternative techniques, such as labeled leukocytes, should be considered if clinically indicated. II. Background Information and Definitions 67 Ga scintigraphy may include regional, whole-body, planar, and SPECT scintigrams, or any combination performed after intravenous injection of 67 Ga-citrate. III. Examples of Clinical or Research Applications A. Whole-body survey to localize source of fever in patients with fever of unknown origin (FUO). B. Detection of pulmonary and mediastinal inflammation/infection

“INACTIVE BRAINS: AN INTERRUPTED CASE STUDY”

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THE INACTIVATION OF DILUTE SOLUTIONS OF CRYSTALLINE TRYPSIN BY X-RADIATION II. E~ECTS OP ENZYME CONCENTRATION, I~ED~, PH, AND TEMPERATURE*

Previous studies in this laboratory (1) on the inactivation of dilute solutions of crystalline trypsin in 0.005 N hydrochloric acid by x-radiation at room temperature showed that the reaction yield, that is, the number of micromoles of trypsin per liter inactivated per 1000 roentgens (r), increases markedly as the initial concentration of trypsin is increased from 0.1 to 200 micromolar (~). On the other hand, Dale and his coworkers (2) demonstrated that the reaction yield for the inactivation of aqueous solutions of crystalline carboxypeptidase by x-rays is constant for concentrations of enzyme between 6 and 600 /~M. Only a slight rise in the reaction field for the inactivation of aqueous solutions of crystalline pepsin by high voltage electrons was observed by Bellamy and Lawton (3) when the concentration of pepsin was increased from 2.8 to 140 ~s. These are the only pure enzymes that have been studied extensively over a wide concentration range. Fricke's observations (4) on the reactivity of hydrochloric acid in radiation studies raised the question whether the continuous rise in reaction field wit

Synthesising Secure APIs

Security APIs are used to define the boundary between trusted and untrusted code. The security properties of existing API are not always clear. In this paper, we give a new generic API for managing symmetric keys on a trusted cryptographic device. We state and prove security properties for the API. In particular, our API offers a high level of security even when the host machine is controlled by an attacker. Our API is generic in the sense that it can implement a wide variety of (symmetric key) protocols. As a proof of concept, we give an algorithm for automatically instantiating the API commands for a given key management protocol. We demonstrate the algorithm on a set of key establishment protocols from the Clark-Jacob suite. Security APIs are used to define the boundary between trusted and untrusted code. They typically arise in systems where certain security-critical fragments of a programe are executed on some tamper resistant device (TRD), such as a smartcard, USB security token or hardware security module (HSM). Though they typically employ cryptography, security APIs differ from regular cryptographic APIs in that they are designed to enforce a policy, i.e. no matter what API commands are received from the (possibly malicious) untrusted code, certain properties will continue to hold, e.g. the secrecy of sensitiv

POINT LOOKOUT, NY 1 Community Profile 2 PEOPLE AND PLACES Regional orientation

on the eastern point of a barrier beach known as Long Beach, on the southern end of Long island, about 20 miles southeast of Manhattan. To the east is Jones Inlet, which separates Point Lookout from Jones Beach. The community is only one-quarter square mile in area (USGS 2008). Map 1. Location of Point Lookout, NY (US Census Bureau 2000) Historical/Background In 1721 there was a whaling “lookout ” station established on what is now known as Point Lookout. Point Lookout was originally known as Nassau-by-the-Sea, and began as a summer colony established by the Nassau Cottage and Realty Company in the early 1900s. At its start, steamers carried vacationers here from Freeport (McTernan and Fiorillo 2001). Point Lookout is primarily an upper-middle class community, which has shifted over the years from being primarily a summer community to primarily a year-round community today. At one time it was largely a retirement community, but today is popular with families with young children, fueled by its safe and small-town atmosphere (City-Data nd). Point Lookout is very 1 These community profiles have been created to serve as port descriptions in Environmental Impact Statements (EISs) for fisheries management actions. They also provide baseline information from which to begin research for Social Impact Assessments (SIAs). Further, they provide information relevant to general community impacts fo

THE RATE OF LOSS OF POTASSIUM FROM HUMAN RED CELLS IN SYSTEMS TO WHICH LYSINS HAVE NOT BEEN ADDED

Prolytic cation exchanges have now been described in a variety of systems containing human red cells and lysins in hypolytic concentration (Ponder, 1947 a, b, c; 1948 a, b), and an Na-K exchange has also been observed to occur when the cells are suspended in isotonic or hypotonic NaC1 containing no added hemolysins. In systems containing lysins, and particularly when the prolytic losses are large, the loss of K increases with time until the K concentration inside the cell is appro~4mately the same as that in the medium outside; i.e., the exponential function of time which describes the K loss approaches the line K = 1.0 as an asymptote (Ponder, 1948 b). The course of the K loss (and Na gain) in systems containing no added lysin, on the other hand, has not been so dearly established. There are very definite indications (Davson, 1937, Rapoport, 1947) that the losses are rapid at first and that they slow down so that a new steady state, remote from the equilibrium state at which K-- 1.0, is reached; most of the experiments which point to this conclusion, however, are of short duration, and one of the points which has been brought out by th

LHC BEAM-BEAM COMPENSATION USING WIRES AND ELECTRON LENSES ∗

We present weak-strong simulation results for a possible application of current-carrying wires and electron lenses to compensate the LHC long-range and head-on beambeam interaction, respectively, for nominal and PACMAN bunches. We show that these measures have the potential to considerably increase the beam-beam limit, allowing for a corresponding increase in peak luminosit