Whose Schools Are Failing?

Persistent school segregation does not mean just that children of dierent racial and ethnic backgrounds attend dierent schools, but that their schools are also unequal in their students' performance. This study documents nationally the extent of disparities in student performance between schools attended by whites and Asians compared to blacks, Hispanics, and Native Americans. The analysis shows that a focus solely on schools at the bottom of the distribution as in No Child Left Behind would only modestly reduce the wide disparities between groups

Single-particle dynamics of the Anderson model: a two-self-energy description within the numerical renormalization group approach

Single-particle dynamics of the Anderson impurity model are studied using both the numerical renormalization group (NRG) method and the local moment approach (LMA). It is shown that a 'two-self-energy' description of dynamics inherent to the LMA, as well as a conventional 'single-self-energy' description, arise within NRG; each yielding correctly the same local single-particle spectrum. Explicit NRG results are obtained for the broken symmetry spectral constituents arising in a two-self-energy description, and the total spectrum. These are also compared to analytical results obtained from the LMA as implemented in practice. Very good agreement between the two is found, essentially on all relevant energy scales from the high-energy Hubbard satellites to the low-energy Kondo resonance.Comment: 12 pages, 6 figure

Spectral scaling and quantum critical behaviour in the pseudogap Anderson model

The pseudogap Anderson impurity model provides a classic example of an essentially local quantum phase transition. Here we study its single-particle dynamics in the vicinity of the symmetric quantum critical point (QCP) separating generalized Fermi liquid and local moment phases, via the local moment approach. Both phases are shown to be characterized by a low-energy scale that vanishes at the QCP; and the universal scaling spectra, on all energy scales, are obtained analytically. The spectrum precisely at the QCP is also obtained; its form showing clearly the non-Fermi liquid, interacting nature of the fixed point.Comment: 7 pages, 2 figure

The Dynamics of Food Deprivation and Overall Health: Evidence from the Canadian National Population Health Survey

The paper explores whether the responses to food deprivation questions on the longitudinal Canadian National Population Health Survey help explain the links between socio-economic status and health. Transitions in food deprivation status are correlated with changes in health status. While health transitions are correlated with changes in food deprivation status, there is little evidence that change in food deprivation status leads changes in health status but some evidence that change in health status leads change in food deprivation status.Food insecurity; Granger causality

Quantum phase transition in capacitively coupled double quantum dots

We investigate two equivalent, capacitively coupled semiconducting quantum dots, each coupled to its own lead, in a regime where there are two electrons on the double dot. With increasing interdot coupling a rich range of behavior is uncovered: first a crossover from spin- to charge-Kondo physics, via an intermediate SU(4) state with entangled spin and charge degrees of freedom; followed by a quantum phase transition of Kosterlitz-Thouless type to a non-Fermi liquid `charge-ordered' phase with finite residual entropy and anomalous transport properties. Physical arguments and numerical renormalization group methods are employed to obtain a detailed understanding of the problem.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figure

The Dynamics of Food Deprivation and Overall Health: Evidence from the Canadian National Population Health Survey

The paper explores whether the responses to food deprivation questions on the longitudinal Canadian National Population Health Survey help explain the links between socio-economic status and health. Transitions in food deprivation status are correlated with changes in health status. While health transitions are correlated with changes in food deprivation status, there is little evidence that change in food deprivation status leads changes in health status but some evidence that change in health status leads change in food deprivation status.Food insecurity; Granger causality; NPHS

Dynamics of capacitively coupled double quantum dots

We consider a double dot system of equivalent, capacitively coupled semiconducting quantum dots, each coupled to its own lead, in a regime where there are two electrons on the double dot. Employing the numerical renormalization group, we focus here on single-particle dynamics and the zero-bias conductance, considering in particular the rich range of behaviour arising as the interdot coupling is progressively increased through the strong coupling (SC) phase, from the spin-Kondo regime, across the SU(4) point to the charge-Kondo regime; and then towards and through the quantum phase transition to a charge-ordered (CO) phase. We first consider the two-self-energy description required to describe the broken symmetry CO phase, and implications thereof for the non-Fermi liquid nature of this phase. Numerical results for single-particle dynamics on all frequency scales are then considered, with particular emphasis on universality and scaling of low-energy dynamics throughout the SC phase. The role of symmetry breaking perturbations is also briefly discussed.Comment: 14 pages, 6 figure

Measuring the Lifetime of Trapped Sleptons Using the General Purpose LHC Detectors

In supergravity where the gravitino is the lightest supersymmetric particle (LSP), the next-to-lightest supersymmetric particle (NLSP) decays to the gravitino with a naturally long lifetime (10^4 - 10^8). However, cosmological constraints favour charged sleptons with lifetimes below a year as the natural NLSP candidate. For this scenario we report a method to accurately determine the slepton lifetime and SUSY cross-section from observation of the decays of sleptons trapped in the material comprising the main detector (ATLAS, CMS). A measurement of the lifetime to 5% is possible after 3 years at nominal luminosity and running conditions. This method is sensitive to the cosmologically preferred stau lifetime of ~37 days and does not require the use of ancillary trapping volumes

Magnetic properties of the Anderson model: a local moment approach

We develop a local moment approach to static properties of the symmetric Anderson model in the presence of a magnetic field, focussing in particular on the strong coupling Kondo regime. The approach is innately simple and physically transparent; but is found to give good agreement, for essentially all field strengths, with exact results for the Wilson ratio, impurity magnetization, spin susceptibility and related properties.Comment: 7 pages, 3 postscript figues. Latex 2e using the epl.cls Europhysics Letters macro packag