Assets on the blockchain: An empirical study of Tokenomics

Digital tokens linked to financial and economic ventures may have multiple functions and uses. In this work, we examine the relationship between various token functions and the market price of the corresponding token. We consider 86 venture related blockchain tokens, and develop the analysis through a stepwise testing of four hypotheses using panel ordinary least squares with cluster-robust standard errors. We find that token functions are statistically significant in relation to token prices. In the absence of an established legal framework, we argue that our results complements recent regulatory actions identifying tokens to be investment contracts in a common venture

A study on interface and charge trapping properties of nitrided n-channel metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors by backsurface argon bombardment

A low-energy (550 eV) argon-ion beam was used to directly bombard the backsurface of nitrided n-channel metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors (n-MOSFETs) after the completion of all conventional processing steps. The interface and oxide-charge trapping characteristics of the bombarded MOSFETs were investigated as compared to nonbombarded and reoxidized-nitrided n-MOSFETs. It was found that after bombardment, interface state density decreases and interface hardness against hot-carrier bombardment enhances, and oxide charge trapping properties were also improved. The improvements exhibit a turnaround behavior depending on bombardment conditions and could be attributed to stress compensation in the vicinity of the Si/SiO2 interface and an annealing effect. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.published_or_final_versio

Quality improvement of low-pressure chemical-vapor-deposited oxide by N2O nitridation

Quality of low-pressure chemical-vapor-deposited (LPCVD) oxide and N2O-nitrided LPCVD (LN2ON) oxide is investigated under high-field stress conditions as compared to thermal oxide. It is found that LPCVD oxide has lower midgap interface-state density Dit-m and smaller stress-induced Dit-m increase than thermal oxide, but exhibits enhanced electron trapping rate and degraded charge-to-breakdown characteristics, which, however, are significantly suppressed in LN2ON oxide, suggesting effective elimination of hydrogen-related species. Moreover, LN2ON oxide shows further improved Si/SiO2 interface due to interfacial nitrogen incorporation. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.published_or_final_versio

Successful treatment of jellyfish sting-induced severe digital ischemia with intravenous iloprost infusion

published_or_final_versio

Correlation between hot-carrier-induced interface states and GIDL current increase in N-MOSFET's

Correlation between created interface states and GIDL current increase in n-MOSFET's during hot-carrier stress is quantitatively discussed. A trap-assisted two-step tunneling model is used to relate the increased interface-state density (ADH) with the shift in GIDL current (ΔI d). Results show that under appropriate drain-gate biases, the two-step tunneling is so dominant that A/d is insensitive to temperatures up to about 50 °C. With the help of 2-D device simulation, the locations of the drain region with significant two-step tunneling and the energy levels of the traps involved can be found, with both depending on the drain voltage. From these insights on ADit,A/d and their relation, A Du near the midgap can be estimated, with an error less than 10% as compared to the results of chargepumping measurement on the same transistors. Devices with nitrided gate oxide, different gate-oxide thicknesses and different channel dimensions are also tested to verify the above correlation. © 1998 IEEE.published_or_final_versio

Significance of MAD2 expression in mitotic checkpoint control and cellular sensitivity in nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells

published_or_final_versio

Psychometric Properties Of The Children's Response Styles Questionnaire In A Hong Kong Chinese Community Sample

published_or_final_versio

Predictors common to cardiovascular and cancer outcomes in a population-based 13-year prospective study in Hong Kong

Oral PresentationINTRODUCTION: Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and cancer are the two leading causes of death in Hong Kong. Obesity is becoming increasingly prevalent in the local population and has been reported to be associated with CVD and some forms of cancer in the western world. In this study, we attempted to identify the aetiological factors linking obesity to both CVD and cancer among Hong Kong Chinese. METHODS: Subjects were recruited from the Hong Kong Cardiovascular Risk Factor Prevalence Study (CRISPS) …published_or_final_versionThe 16th Medical Research Conference, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 22 January 2011. In Hong Kong Medical Journal, 2011, v. 17 suppl. 1, p. 56, abstract no. 9

Serum adiponectin in relation to other obesity-related biomarkers in predicting type 2 diabetes: a 5-year prospective study

Oral PresentationAIMS: To identify obesity-related serum biomarkers associated with the development of type 2 diabetes in a Chinese population and to examine if these biomarkers added values to conventional risk factors in diabetes prediction. METHODS: We studied 1315 non-diabetic subjects from the prospective Hong Kong Cardiovascular Risk Factor Prevalence Study (CRISPS). Serum biomarkers including adiponectin, tumour necrosis …published_or_final_versionThe 17th Medical Research Conference, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 14 January 2012. In Hong Kong Medical Journal, 2012, v. 18 suppl. 1, p. 57, abstract no. 8

A dual protein expression system in Bacillus subtilis

We have developed a dual expression system for the simultaneous overexpression of two proteins in Bacillus subtilis. Two candidate genes, xylanase (xynA) and glucanase (bglS) from B. subtilis strain 168, which were engineered with independent Shine-Dalgarno (SD) sequences, were cloned in tandem into a transfer vector, which was then transformed into B. subtilis strain 1A304 (φ105MU331). The genes were under the transcriptional control of a strong promoter of a bacteriophage, φ105, where transcription was initiated upon thermal induction. Six constructs were made to compare the factors that affected the yields of the gene products. The expression level of each candidate gene was found to correspond to its position relative to the phage promoter, irrespective of the identity of the insert. The lower expression level of the second insert might have been due to limited resources for protein synthesis, a short half-life of the mRNA, or an early termination of the RNA polymerase. Curiously, gene duplications in tandem did not lead to further increase in production. © 2002 Elsevier Science (USA). All rights reserved.postprin