Microstructural evolution in materials during thermal processing

Copyright © 2012 Joseph K. L. Lai et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.This article has been made available through the Brunel Open Access Publishing Fund.This article is made available through the Brunel Open Access Publishing Fund

Study on the interaction between DNA-binding domain (DBD) of human androgen receptor (AR) and SWIRM domain of lysine-specific demethylase 1 (LSD1)

Poster Presentation: abstract no. A09Gene regulations of prokaryotes and eukaryotes are different. Prokaryotic gene regulation requires simply binding of regulatory proteins to help with or avoid forming transcription complex. For eukaryotes like humans, however, their regulation needs “chromatin remodeling” with the association of regulatory proteins involving the opening up of DNA‐histone protein complex chromatin and unwinding DNA. Without remodeling, RNA polymerases responsible of the transcription process cannot get access and perform …postprin

Frequency response of magnetoelectric 1–3-type composites

Author name used in this publication: K. H. LamAuthor name used in this publication: C. Y. LoAuthor name used in this publication: H. L. W. Chan2009-2010 > Academic research: refereed > Publication in refereed journalVersion of RecordPublishe

Intelligent integration of BIPV and load management systems for modern buildings

This paper outlines the basics of load management, and highlights the possibility of maximising the contribution from the Building Integrated Photovoltaic (BIPV) power generation. It will also explain the underlying principles of a dynamic modelling approach and its application in supporting the anticipatory control strategy for load shifting. For many types of building applications, the load profiles are well matched with the BIPV generation profiles such that the BIPV power source is already acting as the peak clipping device. The application of Building Management Systems (BMS) in load shifting should consider the supply from BIPV system. Secondly, due to the thermal mass of the building, there exists time delay in the response of the power requirement of the HVAC system in the building from the solar radiation data. The BIPV system, on the contrary, is responding almost instantaneously to the solar irradiance. A dynamic BIPV model could be applied in aiding the prediction of the load profile. This paper will outline these aspects of the BIPV system as a demonstration of its application in BMS.postprintThe 8th Annual Power Symposium, Hong Kong, 19 June 2009

Integration of BIPV systems and load management

This paper outlines the basics of load management, and highlights the possibility of maximising the contribution from the Building Integrated Photovoltaic (BIPV) power generation. It will also explain the underlying principles of a dynamic modelling approach and its application in supporting the anticipatory control strategy for load shifting. For many types of building applications, the load profiles are well matched with the BIPV generation profiles such that the BIPV power source is already acting as the peak clipping device. The application of Building Management Systems (BMS) in load shifting should consider the supply from BIPV system. Secondly, due to the thermal mass of the building, there exists time delay in the response of the power requirement of the HVAC system in the building from the solar radiation data. The BIPV system, on the contrary, is responding almost instantaneously to the solar irradiance. A dynamic BIPV model could be applied in aiding the prediction of the load profile. This paper will outline these aspects of the dynamic model developed as a demonstration of its application.postprintThe International Conference on Electrical Engineering 2009

Harmonic evaluation of traction system by Monte Carlo simulation

This paper presents a method to predict the harmonic current level of traction system with phase-controlled DC Drives by Monte Carlo simulation. Based on Behavioral Modeling Technique (BMT), a model for electrical unit of traction is proposed. The probability density functions (pdf) of speed and notch numbers are obtained from longtime field measurement. The mean and variance of harmonic current of single electrical unit is obtained based on the speed pdf and traction electrical unit model. The results of Monte Carlo simulation are in good accordance with the experimental and analytic conclusions. The harmonics of a different number of trains are systematically investigated. It is shown the Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) decreases with the increase of the number of trains and the harmonic current per train decreases with the train number because of the harmonic cancellation.published_or_final_versio

Prediction on energy yields of PV systems

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Modeling of electric railway vehicle for harmonic analysis of traction power-supply system using spline interpolation in frequency domain

It is essential to model nonlinear traction converter loads for harmonic analysis of traction systems. A behavioral model in frequency domain to represent electric railway vehicle based on testing and measurement is proposed for harmonic analysis. The harmonic current characteristics are represented by a set of polynomials generated from cubic smoothing spline interpolation. The purpose of this paper is to report and discuss the development of an electric railway model for harmonic analysis and demonstrate results from the simulation with this train load model. System simulation based on this model is performed and the results match satisfactorily with field measurement.published_or_final_versio

Traction system scheduling to minimize harmonic current level at substation by genetic algorithm

Harmonics of individual trains are closely related to its loading, speed and operation mode. The harmonic current at substations is the sum of the individual components from all the trains electrically connected to the substation. There will be cancellation of the harmonics if the harmonics are not of the same phase angles. It is possible to schedule the traction system so as to minimize the harmonic distortion, improve the power factor and reduce the harmonic currents at substations. In this study genetic algorithm (GA) is used to find out the optimal schedule of the system with minimum harmonic levels. The optimized solution can be integrated into automatic train operation (ATO) controller to control the departure, speed regulation of each train of the system. Mathematical description of the problem is first presented and the genetic algorithm is introduced. The optimal solution is given at the end of this paper. It is demonstrated that the scheduling of traction system is applicable to harmonic reduction and GA is fit for such kinds of optimization problems. Such method of harmonics reduction can bring about considerable saving in filtering equipment.published_or_final_versio

Probabilistic characterization of current harmonics of electrical traction power supply system by analytic method

Current harmonics of an urban railway traction system in Hong Kong are investigated by analytic approach. With the statistic knowledge of speed and notch number of the trains in the system, the mean and variance of harmonic current of individual trains are computed based on a behavior oriented model of the traction electrical unit. According to the Large Number Law and Central Limit Theorem, current harmonics at a substation, which is a vectorial summation of harmonics of random number of trains electrically connected to it, are normally distributed provided that the number of trains is large enough. A set of equations are established by which probability density functions (pdfs) of current harmonics at a substation are calculated and found to be in good accordance with results obtained by Monte Carlo simulation. This approach of harmonics evaluation for traction system with random loading has evident advantages of cheap, fast and convenience and with no compromise of accuracy.published_or_final_versio