75 research outputs found
A volume correspondence between anti-de Sitter space and its boundary
Let be the -dimensional anti-de Sitter space, in
this paper we propose to extend the space by gluing it to another copy of
along the boundary at infinity, and denote the resulting
space by \emph{double anti-de Sitter space} . We introduce
a volume (possibly complex valued) on polytopes in whose
facets all have non-degenerate metric (called \emph{good} polytopes), and show
that the volume is well defined and invariant under isometry, including the
case that the good polytope contains a non-trivial portion of
. For even, the volume of a good polytope in
is shown to be completely determined by its intersection
with and induces a new intrinsic \emph{volume} on
that is invariant under conformal symmetry,
establishing a volume correspondence between and
.Comment: 38 pages, 13 figure
A Newly Discovered Late Pleistocene Lower Third Premolar and the High Frequency Occurrence of Tomes’ Root in the Human Fossil Record from China
Dental remains provide crucial evidence for interpreting a populations’ affinity as well as human evolution. Recent studies of fossil human teeth have enriched our current view of morphological variation during the Pleistocene in East Asia. In the present paper, we describe a newly discovered late Pleistocene human tooth, a lower third premolar from the Weijiadong cave in Bijie in south-western China, which is dated around 18-20Ka BP using AMS Carbon 14 dating. The tooth is identified as belonging to an early modern human based on its morphology and size. The Tomes’ root is present in this lower third premolar, one of the non-metrical dental traits developed genetically. Moreover, we examine most of the fossil lower third premolars collected from China, as well as material from several Neolithic and historical human assemblages. We find that the Tomes’ root is very common in Chinese human fossils and occurs in high frequency in Neolithic and historic human remains from China. We suggest the high frequency of Tomes’ root may serve as a non-metric dental trait to support inferences regarding regional continuity of human evolution in East Asia
FERM domain-containing unconventional myosin VIIA interacts with integrin β5 subunit and regulates αvβ5-mediated cell adhesion and migration
AbstractUnconventional myosin VIIA (Myo7a) has been known to associate with hereditary deafness. Here we present a novel function of Myo7a by identifying that Myo7a directly interacts with integrin β5 subunit and regulates cell adhesion and motility in an integrin-dependent manner. We found that Myo7a bound to the cytoplasmic tail of integrin β5. Further, we pinpointed an integrin-binding domain at F3 of the first FERM domain and F1 of the second FERM domain. Functionally, Myo7a-induced cell adhesion and migration were mediated by integrin αvβ5. These findings indicated that Myo7a interacts with integrin β5 and selectively promotes integrin αvβ5-mediated cell migration
Combating Multi-path Interference to Improve Chirp-based Underwater Acoustic Communication
Linear chirp-based underwater acoustic communication has been widely used due
to its reliability and long-range transmission capability. However, unlike the
counterpart chirp technology in wireless -- LoRa, its throughput is severely
limited by the number of modulated chirps in a symbol. The fundamental
challenge lies in the underwater multi-path channel, where the delayed copied
of one symbol may cause inter-symbol and intra-symbol interfere. In this paper,
we present UWLoRa+, a system that realizes the same chirp modulation as LoRa
with higher data rate, and enhances LoRa's design to address the multi-path
challenge via the following designs: a) we replace the linear chirp used by
LoRa with the non-linear chirp to reduce the signal interference range and the
collision probability; b) we design an algorithm that first demodulates each
path and then combines the demodulation results of detected paths; and c) we
replace the Hamming codes used by LoRa with the non-binary LDPC codes to
mitigate the impact of the inevitable collision.Experiment results show that
the new designs improve the bit error rate (BER) by 3x, and the packet error
rate (PER) significantly, compared with the LoRa's naive design. Compared with
an state-of-the-art system for decoding underwater LoRa chirp signal, UWLoRa+
improves the throughput by up to 50 times
Understand Group Interaction and Cognitive State in Online Collaborative Problem Solving: Leveraging Brain-to-Brain Synchrony Data
The purpose of this study aimed to analyze the process of online collaborative problem solving (CPS) via brain-to-brain synchrony (BS) at the problem-understanding and problem-solving stages. Aiming to obtain additional insights than traditional approaches (survey and observation), BS refers to the synchronization of brain activity between two or more people, as an indicator of interpersonal interaction or common attention. Thirty-six undergraduate students participated. Results indicate the problem-understanding stage showed a higher level of BS than the problem-solving stage. Moreover, the level of BS at the problem-solving stage was significantly correlated with task performance. Groups with all high CPS skill students had the highest level of BS, while some of the mixed groups could achieve the same level of BS. BS is an effective indicator of CPS to group performance and individual interaction. Implications for the online CPS design and possible supports for the process of online CPS activity are also discussed
Understanding binary phase separation towards Cu-C nanocrystalline-amorphous composites
The nanocrystalline-amorphous textures are commonly observed in the coatings
synthesized by energetic deposition. We report a binary phase separation
towards Cu-C nanocrystalline-amorphous composites by the FCVA deposition. The
experimental results highlight that the average size of Cu nanocrystallines
mainly depends on the C2H2 content. By performing a MD simulation using the
LAMMPS, we theoretically explained how the initial reagent concentration
fundamentally determines Cu nanocrystalline's final morphology and size during
phase separation. This finding may give insight into the formation of
nanocrystalline-amorphous structures by energetic deposition.Comment: 12 pages,5 figure
Rigidity and volume preserving deformation on degenerate simplices
Given a degenerate -simplex in a -dimensional space
(Euclidean, spherical or hyperbolic space, and ), for each , , Radon's theorem induces a partition of the set of -faces into two
subsets. We prove that if the vertices of the simplex vary smoothly in
for , and the volumes of -faces in one subset are constrained only to
decrease while in the other subset only to increase, then any sufficiently
small motion must preserve the volumes of all -faces; and this property
still holds in for if an invariant of
the degenerate simplex has the desired sign. This answers a question posed by
the author, and the proof relies on an invariant we discovered
for any -stress on a cell complex in . We introduce a
characteristic polynomial of the degenerate simplex by defining
, and prove that the roots
of are real for the Euclidean case. Some evidence suggests the same
conjecture for the hyperbolic case.Comment: 27 pages, 2 figures. To appear in Discrete & Computational Geometr
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