431 research outputs found
Design and Implementation of Reusable Components Using PowerBuilder
AbstractComponent technology is a key technology of software reuse. This paper investigates PowerBuilder based technology of software reuse, especially the technology of component design. To build a reusable component, reusable elements in the application system are firstly extracted. The reusable components are then used to form a reusable component library. When designing application system, suitable components are selected from the reusable library and then instantiated. Software system is implemented by composing the instanced components under a reusable framework. Practical results show that the use of reusable components can improve the efficiency of software development
Progress in Ionic Liquids as Reaction Media, Monomers and Additives in High-Performance Polymers
In this chapter, we will review the progress in ionic liquids (ILs) widely used as reaction media, monomers and additives in the synthesis, chemical modification and physical processing of high-performance polymers (HPPs). Using ILs as reaction media in the syntheses of HPPs, the high-molecular-weight polymers were obtained in good yields and the shortened dehydration time compared to the conventional methods, the separation efficiency of products was improved. It is particularly noteworthy that the number of novel copolymers of HPPs with polymerisable ILs has steadily increased in recent years. In addition, ILs have been used as various types of additives such as the components of polymer materials, plasticizers and porogenic agents in the physical processing of HPPs, and the materials prepared include membranes, microcapsules, nanocomposites (NCs), electrolytes and grease
SwG-former: Sliding-window Graph Convolutional Network Integrated with Conformer for Sound Event Localization and Detection
Sound event localization and detection (SELD) is a joint task of sound event
detection (SED) and direction of arrival (DoA) estimation. SED mainly relies on
temporal dependencies to distinguish different sound classes, while DoA
estimation depends on spatial correlations to estimate source directions. To
jointly optimize two subtasks, the SELD system should extract spatial
correlations and model temporal dependencies simultaneously. However, numerous
models mainly extract spatial correlations and model temporal dependencies
separately. In this paper, the interdependence of spatial-temporal information
in audio signals is exploited for simultaneous extraction to enhance the model
performance. In response, a novel graph representation leveraging graph
convolutional network (GCN) in non-Euclidean space is developed to extract
spatial-temporal information concurrently. A sliding-window graph (SwG) module
is designed based on the graph representation. It exploits sliding-windows with
different sizes to learn temporal context information and dynamically
constructs graph vertices in the frequency-channel (F-C) domain to capture
spatial correlations. Furthermore, as the cornerstone of message passing, a
robust Conv2dAgg function is proposed and embedded into the SwG module to
aggregate the features of neighbor vertices. To improve the performance of SELD
in a natural spatial acoustic environment, a general and efficient SwG-former
model is proposed by integrating the SwG module with the Conformer. It exhibits
superior performance in comparison to recent advanced SELD models. To further
validate the generality and efficiency of the SwG-former, it is seamlessly
integrated into the event-independent network version 2 (EINV2) called
SwG-EINV2. The SwG-EINV2 surpasses the state-of-the-art (SOTA) methods under
the same acoustic environment
Liver Damage in Patients with HCV/HIV Coinfection Is Linked to HIV-Related Oxidative Stress
HIV infection aggravates the progression of liver damage in HCV-coinfected patients, with the underlying pathogenesis being multifactorial. Although high level of oxidative stress has been observed frequently in patients infected with HIV or HCV, the status of oxidative stress in HIV/HCV coinfection and its contribution to HCV liver damage have not been determined. This study involved 363 HBsAg-negative, anti-HCV-positive former blood donors recruited from a village in central China in July 2005; of these, 140 were positive for HIV. Of these 363 subjects, 282 were successfully followed up through July 2009. HIV/HCV-coinfected subjects had higher rates of end-stage liver disease-related death than those monoinfected with HCV. Liver ultrasound manifestations were poor in HIV-positive than in HIV-negative individuals, in both chronic HCV carriers and those with resolved HCV. Serum concentrations of total glutathione (tGSH), malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), GSSG, and reduced GSH were higher in HIV-positive than HIV-negative subjects. GSSG concentrations were higher in HIV-infected subjects with abnormal ALT/AST levels than in those with normal ALT/AST levels and were associated with poorer liver ultrasound manifestations. These finding indicated that HIV infection accelerated HCV-associated liver damage in HIV/HCV-coinfected individuals. Increased oxidative stress, induced primarily by HIV coinfection, may contribute to aggravated liver damage
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