Lithium Battery SOC Estimation Based on Multi-Innovation Unscented and Fractional Order Square Root Cubature Kalman Filter

Accurate state-of-charge (SOC) estimation of lithium batteries is of great significance for electric vehicles. In this paper, a combined estimation method of multi-innovation unscented Kalman filter (MIUKF) and fractional order square root cubature Kalman filter (FSRCKF) for lithium batteries is proposed. Firstly, the adaptive genetic algorithm (AGA) is applied to carry out offline parameter identification for the fractional order model (FOM) of a lithium battery under the Dynamic Stress Test (DST). Then, battery SOC is estimated by FSRCKF, while the Ohm internal resistance R0 of the fractional order battery model is estimated and updated by MIUKF in real time. The results show that MIUKF-FSRCKF is better than FSRCKF, FCKF and SRCKF in estimating the SOC of lithium batteries under the Federal Urban Driving Schedule (FUDS), Beijing Dynamic Stress Test (BJDST) and US06 Highway Driving Schedule tests, especially when R0 is inaccurate

Lithium Battery SOC Estimation Based on Multi-Innovation Unscented and Fractional Order Square Root Cubature Kalman Filter

Accurate state-of-charge (SOC) estimation of lithium batteries is of great significance for electric vehicles. In this paper, a combined estimation method of multi-innovation unscented Kalman filter (MIUKF) and fractional order square root cubature Kalman filter (FSRCKF) for lithium batteries is proposed. Firstly, the adaptive genetic algorithm (AGA) is applied to carry out offline parameter identification for the fractional order model (FOM) of a lithium battery under the Dynamic Stress Test (DST). Then, battery SOC is estimated by FSRCKF, while the Ohm internal resistance R0 of the fractional order battery model is estimated and updated by MIUKF in real time. The results show that MIUKF-FSRCKF is better than FSRCKF, FCKF and SRCKF in estimating the SOC of lithium batteries under the Federal Urban Driving Schedule (FUDS), Beijing Dynamic Stress Test (BJDST) and US06 Highway Driving Schedule tests, especially when R0 is inaccurate

The effects of family structure and function on mental health during China’s transition: a cross-sectional analysis

Abstract Background Social change, intensified by industrialization and globalization, has not only changed people’s work lives but also their personal lives, especially in developing countries. The aim of this study was to provide evidence and recommendations regarding family structure, function, and mental health to actively respond to rapid social change. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted face-to-face and door-to-door from July 2011 to September 2012 in Hubei Province, central China. Family structure comprised alone, couple, nuclear family, and extended family; family function was measured using the family APGAR (Adaptation, Partnership, Growth, Affection, and Resolve) scale, and mental health was measured using the Chinese version of the 12-item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12). Results The urban-vs-rural difference of family structure among alone, couple, nuclear family, and extended family was statistically significant (5.21% vs 4.62%; 27.36% vs 13.14%; 33.22% vs 27.74%; 34.20% vs 54.50%, respectively; p < 0.0001); and those difference of family function was not statistically significant (8.11 ± 2.13 vs 8.09 ± 2.27, p = 0.9372). The general linear regression showed that the effect of family structure on mental health, whether urban or rural, was not significant, however, the effect of family function was significant, especially regarding better family functioning with better mental health. Conclusions Combined the effects of family structure and function on mental health, the external form of family (family structure) may not be important; while the internal quality of role (family function) might be key. Improving the residents’ family function would be a priority strategy for family practice with their mental health

Metabolomics and Transcriptomics Analyses of Two Contrasting Cherry Rootstocks in Response to Drought Stress

Drought is one of the main factors affecting sweet cherry yields, and cherry rootstocks can provide a range of tree vigor levels to better match sweet cherries with the characteristics of the soil. To investigate the molecular events of the cherry to water deficiency, we performed transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses of Prunus mahaleb CDR-1 (drought-tolerant cherry rootstock (DT)) and P. cerasus × P. canescens Gisela 5 (drought-susceptible cherry rootstock (DS)), respectively. The results revealed 253 common drought-responsive genes in leaves and roots in DT and 17 in DS; 59 upregulated metabolites were explored in leaves in DT and 19 were explored in DS. Differentially expressed metabolites related to the cyanoamino acid metabolism pathway and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis pathway may be key factors in the difference in drought resistance in the two rootstocks. Moreover, six central metabolites—3-cyanoalanine, phenylalanine, quinic acid, asparagine, p-benzoquinone, and phytosphingosine—were identified as potential biological markers of drought response in cherries and may be key factors in the difference in drought resistance, along with caffeic acid and chlorogenic acid. We also selected 17 differentially expressed genes as core candidate genes and the mechanism of DT in response to drought is summarized

Metabolomics and Transcriptomics Analyses of Two Contrasting Cherry Rootstocks in Response to Drought Stress

Drought is one of the main factors affecting sweet cherry yields, and cherry rootstocks can provide a range of tree vigor levels to better match sweet cherries with the characteristics of the soil. To investigate the molecular events of the cherry to water deficiency, we performed transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses of Prunus mahaleb CDR-1 (drought-tolerant cherry rootstock (DT)) and P. cerasus × P. canescens Gisela 5 (drought-susceptible cherry rootstock (DS)), respectively. The results revealed 253 common drought-responsive genes in leaves and roots in DT and 17 in DS; 59 upregulated metabolites were explored in leaves in DT and 19 were explored in DS. Differentially expressed metabolites related to the cyanoamino acid metabolism pathway and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis pathway may be key factors in the difference in drought resistance in the two rootstocks. Moreover, six central metabolites—3-cyanoalanine, phenylalanine, quinic acid, asparagine, p-benzoquinone, and phytosphingosine—were identified as potential biological markers of drought response in cherries and may be key factors in the difference in drought resistance, along with caffeic acid and chlorogenic acid. We also selected 17 differentially expressed genes as core candidate genes and the mechanism of DT in response to drought is summarized

The relationship between polycystic ovary syndrome and coronary heart disease: a bibliometric analysis

BackgroundPolycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common gynecological endocrine diseases for women of puberty and reproductive age. PCOS can affect women’s health for the rest of their lives since the incidence of coronary heart disease (CHD) may increase in the perimenopausal and senile periods among PCOS women compared with non-PCOS women.MethodA literature retrieval based on the Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-E) database. All obtained records results were downloaded in plain text format for subsequent analysis. VOSviewer v1.6.10, Citespace and Microsoft Excel 2010 software were utilized for analyzing the following terms: countries, institutions, authors, journals, references and keywords.ResultsThere were 312 articles retrieved from January 1, 2000 to February 8, 2023, and the frequency of citations was 23,587. The United States, England, and Italy contributed the majority of the records. Harvard University, the University of Athens, and Monash University were the top 3 most productive institutions with publications on the relationship between PCOS and CHD. Journal of clinical endocrinology &amp; metabolism ranked first with the highest publications (24 records), followed by Fertility and sterility (18 records). The keywords were divided into six clusters in the overlay keywords network: (1) the correlation between CHD risk factors and PCOS women; (2) the relationship between cardiovascular disease and female reproductive system hormone secretion; (3) the interaction between CHD and metabolic syndrome; (4) the relationship between c-reactive protein and endothelial function and oxidative stress in PCOS patients; (5) the potential positive effect of metformin on reducing CHD risk factors in PCOS patients; (6) the study of serum cholesterol and body-fat distribution in patients with CHD in PCOS. Oxidative stress, genome-wide association, obesity, primary prevention, and sex difference were main hotspots in this field in recent five years according to the keyword citation burst analysis.ConclusionThe article obtained the hotspots and trends and provided a reference for subsequent research on the association between PCOS and CHD. Moreover, it is hypothesized that oxidative stress and genome-wide association were frontier hotspots in studies that explore the relationship between PCOS and CHD, and prevention research may be valued in the future

Advances in Pharmacological Actions and Mechanisms of Flavonoids from Traditional Chinese Medicine in Treating Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a common respiratory disease with high morbidity and mortality. The conventional therapies remain palliative and have various undesired effects. Flavonoids from traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) have been proved to exert protective effects on COPD. This review aims to illuminate the poly-pharmacological properties of flavonoids in treating COPD based on laboratory evidences and clinical data and points out possible molecular mechanisms. Animal/laboratory studies and randomised clinical trials about administration of flavonoids from TCM for treating COPD from January 2010 to October 2020 were identified and collected, with the following terms: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or chronic respiratory disease or inflammatory lung disease, and flavonoid or nature product or traditional Chinese medicine. Pharmacokinetic studies and external application treatment were excluded. A total of 15 flavonoid compounds were listed. Flavonoids could inhibit inflammation, oxidative stress, and cellular senescence, restore corticosteroid sensitivity, improve pulmonary histology, and boost pulmonary function through regulating multiple targets and signaling pathways, which manifest that flavonoids are a group of promising natural products for COPD. Nevertheless, most studies remain in the research phase of animal testing, and further clinical applications should be carried out

Activation of STAT3 in human gastric cancer cells via interleukin (IL)-6-type cytokine signaling correlates with clinical implications.

BACKGROUND:The signal transducers and activators of transcription 3 (STAT3) signaling pathway plays important roles in oncogenesis, angiogenesis, immunity, and tumor cell invasion. In the present study, we investigated the association of interleukin (IL)-6/STAT3 signaling pathway with T lymphocytes and clinical implication in patients with gastric cancer. METHODS:Seventy one patients who underwent gastrectomy due to gastric adenocarcinoma were studied. Blood samples were collected before and after surgical gastrectomy to quantify the levels of IL-6, IL-10 and VEGF using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, as well as T lymphocyte subsets (CD3(+), CD4(+), CD8(+), CD4(+)/CD8(+)) and natural killer (NK) cells by a flow cytometry. Furthermore, the expression of IL-6, survivin, STAT3, STAT3 phosphorylation (p-STAT3), and VEGF were determined in human gastric cancer and adjacent normal mucosa through Western blot and immunohistochemistry. RESULTS:Postoperative levels of IL-6, IL-10 and VEGF in serum were significantly lower than preoperative levels. Percentages of T-cell subsets and NK cells in blood were significantly increased after postoperative-week 1 as compared to preoperative group, which was further augmented at 1 month after gastrectomy. In addition, the expression of IL-6, survivin, STAT3, p-STAT3, and VEGF were increased in human gastric cancer tissues as compared to adjacent normal mucosa. Their expression was associated with TNM stage of gastric cancer. The level of STAT3 activation in clinical samples was correlated with IL-6 expression. All gastric tumor samples, which expressed p-STAT3, also expressed IL-6 with weak expression detected in adjacent normal mucosa. CONCLUSION:Increased IL-6-induced activation of STAT3 was observed in neoplastic gastric tissue, which positively correlated with tumor progression. Moreover, IL-6 and STAT3 downstream signals such as IL-10 and VEGF were reduced in patients after removal of gastric cancer as compared to pre-operation. Therefore, inhibition of the IL-6/STAT3 signaling pathway may provide a new therapeutic strategy against gastric cancer