Effect of thyroid hormone replacement treatment on cardiac diastolic function in adult patients with subclinical hypothyroidism: a meta-analysis

BackgroundAlthough subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) is related to abnormalities in left ventricular diastolic function, the use of levothyroxine as a regular treatment remains debatable. This meta-analysis aimed to determine whether thyroid hormone replacement therapy affects cardiac diastolic function in patients with SCH as measured by echocardiography.MethodsThis meta-analysis included a search of the EMBASE, PubMed, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases from their inception to May 18, 2023, for studies analyzing cardiac morphology and functional changes in patients with SCH before and after thyroid hormone replacement. The outcome measures were cardiac morphology and diastolic and overall cardiac function, as assessed using ultrasound parameters (including ventricular wall thickness, chamber size, mitral wave flow, tissue Doppler, and speckle tracking). The quality of the studies was assessed using the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale. The standard mean differences (MDs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated using fixed- or random-effects models.ResultsSeventeen studies met the inclusion criteria. A total of 568 patients participated and completed the follow-up. All studies specifically stated that serum thyrotropin levels returned to normal by the end of the study period. Compared with baseline levels, no significant morphological changes were observed in the heart. In terms of diastolic function, we discovered that the ratios of E-velocity to A-velocity (E/A) had greatly improved after thyroid hormone replacement therapy, whereas the ratios of the mitral inflow E wave to the tissue Doppler e’ wave (E/e’) had not. Global longitudinal strain (GLS) increased significantly after treatment with levothyroxine.ConclusionIn adult patients with SCH, thyroid hormone supplementation can partially but not completely improve parameters of diastolic function during the observation period. This meta-analysis was performed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses 2020 statement, an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews (11) and was registered with INPLASY (INPLASY202320083).Systematic review registrationhttps://inplasy.com/inplasy-2023-2-0083

Research on the Prediction of Carbon Emission Based on the Chaos Theory and Neural Network

In this paper, carbon emissions and the related problems are studied based on carbon emission time series data and the chaos theory, in order to make clear the relationship among the data, and we reconstruct the time series by phase space reconstruction. Finally, the predicting model of the carbon emission is established with BP neural network. The simulation results show that the hybrid of chaos theory and BP neural network can be used to fit and predict the carbon emissions time series without considering other factors, which is easier and more accurate than other predicting method

Social enterprises' objectives and choices of legal forms under the framework of Sustainable Development Goals - an analysis of 80 cases in Zhejiang Province, China

Purpose: This study aims to measure social enterprises’ (SEs’) social objectives under the United Nation’s 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) framework, and explore the impact of SEs’ social objectives on their choices of legal forms. Design/methodology/approach: This study used semi-structured questionnaires followed up by field interviews and observations of the sampled SEs. The survey sample includes 80 participants of Social Entrepreneurs Stars Competition in Zhejiang Province of China. The authors conduct content analysis to measure the objectives of SEs. The authors also perform descriptive analysis, chi-square test and regression analysis on the data. Findings: The findings confirm the theoretical discussions that SEs’ choices of legal forms reflect SEs’ strategies toward achieving social objectives. Similar to certain countries, some SEs in China register as nonprofit entities to concentrate on nonprofitable sustainability objectives, while others register as commercial enterprises or hybrid organizations to generate profits. However, some SEs focus on profitable non-sustainability issues and fail to prioritize social objectives over economic objectives. There are positive effects of social entrepreneurs’ background similarity and negative effects of social entrepreneurs’ educational level on their SEs’ choices to register as commercial enterprises. Research limitations/implications: Due to the small size and nonrepresentative sample this study is based on, the findings need be further tested by a larger sample. SEs in different service domains rely on different types of financial resources (Mair et al., 2012; Doherty et al., 2014). In future research, the model can be expanded to test the effects of service domains and types of financial sources on SEs’ choices of legal forms. Practical implications: To encourage more societal resources being allocated toward achieving the United Nations’ SDGs, policymakers and SE certification programs are recommended to explicitly incorporate sustainability objectives into the evaluation standards and supportive policies for SEs. Social entrepreneurs who aim to balance the social and economic objectives in their business are suggested to target the population with whom they share similar community background. Training or consulting programs for social entrepreneurs are suggested to provide advice tailored to their socio-economic background and personal experiences. Originality/value: To the best of the authors’ this study is the first quantitative analysis to identify factors that associate with SEs’ choice of legal forms in China. The authors developed new instruments to measure SEs’ social objectives and service targets, access to financial resources and social entrepreneurs’ social-economic backgrounds.</p

Discovery novel VEGFA inhibitors through structure-based virtual screening and verify the ability to inhibit the proliferation, invasion and migration of gastric cancer

This paper aims to screen small molecule inhibitors 1,2,3,4,6-penta-O-galloyl-beta-D-glucose (PGG) targeting vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) through structure based virtual screening and molecular dynamics simulation, and verify the effect of anti gastric cancer.First, Based on Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform, the candidate small-molecule compounds targeting VEGFA were screened by a molecular docking method using Computer-Aided Drug Design. Second, CCK8 was used to determine the effect of three commercially available candidate drugs on the proliferation activity of HGC27 and AGS. PGG was selected for further cell cloning, invasion, migration and apoptosis experiments. Finally, the complex system of three compounds and VEGFA was analyzed by molecular dynamics simulation.According to the ranking of the scoring function, the selected small molecular compounds are PGG, 2,3,4,6-tetra-O-galactosyl-D-glucopyranoside, rutin, quercetin-5,3-d-galactoside and 1F-Fructofuranosylnystose (1FF). CCK8 showed that PGG had the best inhibitory effect on the proliferation of AGS and HGC27 cells, and it was concentration and time dependent. Treatment of AGS and HGC27 with IC50 PGG can significantly inhibit the cloning of HGC27 and AGS, block their invasion and migration, and induce their apoptosis. Molecular dynamics simulation experiments showed that the binding of PGG to VEGFA target protein was better than that of other two small molecular compounds, which was consistent with the results of molecular docking and biological activity experiments

Numerical Investigation of Flow Characteristics of Molten Steel in the Tundish with Channel Induction Heating

In the continuous process, fluid flow is an important physical phenomena in the tundish, as it affects the process of heat transfer, bubble motion and inclusion collision-coalescence and grow up. This paper undertakes a detailed numerical investigation of fluid flow characteristics in the tundish with and without induction heating. The individual unit method and the volume subtraction model are applied to analyze the flow characteristics. A quantitative evaluation method of flow characteristics is proposed to investigate the flow characteristics. In the tundish with and without induction heating, firstly, the main flow behavior of molten steel is mixed flow in the receiving chamber; secondly, the main flow behavior of molten steel is plug flow in the channel; lastly, the main flow pattern is mixed flow, and the minor flow pattern is plug flow in the discharging chamber. The method of the volume subtraction model is an effective way to analyze the flow characteristics in the tundish with channel induction heating

Food restriction decreases BMR, body and organ mass, and cellular energetics, in the Chinese Bulbul (Pycnonotus sinensis)

Abstract Background Food is an important environmental factor that affects animals’ energy metabolism and food shortage has significant effects on animals’ behavior, physiology and biochemistry. However, to date few studies have focused on the thermogenesis and its effects on the body condition of birds. In this study, we examined the effects of food restriction on the body mass, basal metabolic rate (BMR) and body composition, and several physiological, biochemical and molecular markers potentially related to thermogenesis, in the Chinese Bulbul (Pycnonotus sinensis). Methods Birds in the control group were provided with food ad libitum whereas those in the food restriction group were provided with one-half of the usual quantity of food for 12 days. Oxygen consumption was measured using an open-circuit respirometry system. Mitochondrial state 4 respiration and cytochrome c oxidase (COX) activity in the liver and pectoral muscle were measured with a Clark electrode. Avian uncoupling protein (avUCP) mRNA expression was determined in pectorals muscle with quantitative Real-time PCR. Results Chinese Bulbuls in food restriction group decreased in body mass, BMR and internal organ (heart, kidneys, small intestine and total digestive tract) mass compared with the control group over the 12-day period of food restriction. Bulbuls in the food restriction group also had lower levels of state-4 respiration, COX activity in the liver and muscle, and mitochondrial avUCP gene expression in muscle compared to the control group. BMR was positively correlated with body mass, state 4 respiration in the liver and COX activity in the muscle. Conclusions Our data indicate that Chinese Bulbuls not only sustain food shortage through simple passive mechanisms, such as reducing body and organ mass and energy expenditure, but also by reducing energetic metabolism in the liver and muscle

Angiectatic nasal polyps with pleomorphism ‒ a diagnostic pitfall

Objective: To generalise the features of PANP in case of potential clinical and pathological pitfall of diagnosis. Methods: Thirteen patients diagnosed as PANP were retrospectively analyzed in the Pathology Department of Capital Medical University from August 2014 to December 2019. Immunohistochemical staining with CD34, CK, Vim, Calponin, Ki67, Bcl-2, and STAT-6 was performed with envision-two steps method. Results: PANP is a benign tumor presenting with gross variegated tan to gray soft fleshy tissue with foci of obvious hemorrhage and necrosis. The imaging shows internal heterogeneous hyperintensity with a peripheral hypointense rim while postcontrast images display a strong nodular and patchy enhancement. Vimentin (Vim) stain was consistently positive, while negative for CD34, STAT-6 and Bcl-2 (focal positive in two cases). Calponin and CK stain was positive in nine cases, respectively. Conclusion: PANP is a clinically rare tumor which may simulate malignancy lesion. Recognizing of characteristic features in these thirteen patients would be beneficial to avoid misdiagnosis and unnecessary aggressive treatment. Level of evidence: This work was Level 2 of evidence according to the Guide for Authors