Private placements, cash dividends and interests transfer: Empirical evidence from Chinese listed firms

In this paper, the relationship between private placements of common stocks and cash dividendsfor Chinese listed firms is investigated. It finds that Chinese listed firms pay more cash dividendsafter private placements than do those that are not involved in placements. Firms with largeshareholders participating in private placements pay more cash dividends than those withoutlarge shareholder participation. These results indicate that the firms controlled by large shareholders have a high propensity for interests transfer in their cash dividend policies

First-principles study on the effective masses of zinc-blend-derived Cu_2Zn-IV-VI_4 (IV = Sn, Ge, Si and VI = S, Se)

The electron and hole effective masses of kesterite (KS) and stannite (ST) structured Cu_2Zn-IV-VI_4 (IV = Sn, Ge, Si and VI = S, Se) semiconductors are systematically studied using first-principles calculations. We find that the electron effective masses are almost isotropic, while strong anisotropy is observed for the hole effective mass. The electron effective masses are typically much smaller than the hole effective masses for all studied compounds. The ordering of the topmost three valence bands and the corresponding hole effective masses of the KS and ST structures are different due to the different sign of the crystal-field splitting. The electron and hole effective masses of Se-based compounds are significantly smaller compared to the corresponding S-based compounds. They also decrease as the atomic number of the group IV elements (Si, Ge, Sn) increases, but the decrease is less notable than that caused by the substitution of S by Se.Comment: 14 pages, 6 figures, 2 table