Patterns of attentional bias in antenatal depression: an eye-tracking study

IntroductionOne of the most common mental disorders in the perinatal period is depression, which is associated with impaired emotional functioning due to alterations in different cognitive aspects including thought and facial emotion recognition. These functional impairment may affect emerging maternal sensitivity and have lasting consequences for the dyadic relationship. The current study aimed to investigate the impact of depressive symptoms on the attention bias of infant stimuli during pregnancy.MethodsEighty-six pregnant women completed the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale and an eye-tracking task comprising infant-related emotion images. All participants showed biased attention to infant-related images.ResultsFirst, compared to healthy pregnant women, pregnant women with depression symptoms initially directed their attention to infant-related stimuli more quickly (F (1, 84) = 6.175, p = 0.015, η2 = 0.068). Second, the two groups of pregnant women paid attention to the positive infant stimuli faster than the neutral infant stimuli, and the first fixation latency bias score was significantly smaller than that of the infant-related negative stimulus (p = 0.007). Third, compared with the neutral stimulus, the non-depression group showed a longer first gaze duration to the negative stimulus of infants (p = 0.019), while the depressive symptoms group did not show this difference.ConclusionWe speculate that structural and functional changes in affective motivation and cognitive-attention brain areas may induce these attentional bias patterns. These results provide suggestions for the implementation of clinical intervention programs to correct the attention bias of antenatal depressed women

Using complex fuzzy sets for strategic cost evaluation in supply chain downstream

Cross-border E-commerce has grown exponentially in the past decade. To gain global competitivity in product-convergent markets, China\u27s over 200 thousands cross-border E-commerce businesses have focused more on the service and cost of supply chain downstream. Therefore, selecting appropriate cost control strategy has marked impact on them. In this study, we evaluated three strategic cost control measures according to 10 evaluation criteria by using a complex fuzzy set based model, named C-COPRAS. The C-COPRAS model is an extension of the COmplex PRoportion ASessment (COPRAS) method. This model uses complex fuzzy set to tackle uncertainty and temporal features in given evaluation context. We then apply this model to a case study of helping a Chinese E-commerce business to select strategic cost control measure on supply chain downstream

Supply chain downstream strategic cost evaluation using L-COPRAS method in cross-border E-commerce

Cross-border E-commerce has grown exponentially in the past decade in global market. To gain global competition in product-convergent markets, China¿s over 200 thousands cross-border E-commerce businesses have focused more on the service and cost control of supply chain downstream. In this study, we analyse three strategic cost control measures, summarise ten evaluation criteria for cost and develop an evaluation method for cost control using an extended COmplex PRoportion ASsessment (COPRAS) method, named L-COPRAS. This method is proposed to deal with uncertain or linguistic expression on strategic cost measures with varied weights to different alternatives. A case study of helping a Chinese E-commerce business to select strategic cost control measure on supply chain downstream is conducted. This study indicates that the proposed method is able to deal flexibly with uncertain information in supply chain downstream strategic cost evaluation

Modification of Spalart Allmaras model with consideration of turbulence energy backscatter using velocity helicity

International audienc

Full 3D Simulation of the New Closed Shell-Electrode Detector

A new structure of 3D detectors has been proposed. In order to separate it from the non-etch-through 3D-Trench electrode detectors, we call it as the Closed Shell-Electrode Detector (CSED, Chinese Patent #ZL201620361767.1). The detector concept of the CSED will be described in detail here. Full 3D simulations of the performance behavior of the CSED will be carried out and presented. These simulations include detector potential, electric field, and electron (or hole) concentration profiles, as well as detector leakage current, capacitance, and charge collection properties. Comprehensive comparisons between the CSED and the non-etch-through 3D-Trench electrode detectors will be made. The novel CSED has much better electric field profiles near the backside and are much better isolated from neighboring cells than that in non-etch-through 3D-Trench electrode detectors

Mineral Composition and Hydrophilicity/Hydrophobicity of Solid Particles Isolated from Inner Mongolia Oil Sands

BACKGROUND: Oil sand is an important unconventional oil and gas resource, which is composed of bitumen, solid particles (including coarse and fine particles) and water. The key to its development and utilization is to improve the extraction efficiency of bitumen. Solvent extraction technology is expected to replace the existing water-based extraction technology due to its high bitumen extraction efficiency and environmental friendliness. The high residue rate of solid particles in bitumen and low recovery efficiency of organic solvent in gangues are two main problems during solvent extraction, which is closely related to the composition, structure and surface properties of solid particles. Therefore, it is very important to understand the mineral composition and surface properties, especially hydrophilicity/hydrophobicity, of solid particles in oil sand. The oil sands in Inner Mongolia, China are characterized by abundant reserves and high oil content. At present, the mineral composition and hydrophilicity/hydrophobicity of solid particles in the oil sands in this area are not clear.OBJECTIVES: To investigate the mineral composition and hydrophilicity/hydrophobicity of solid particles isolated from Inner Mongolia oil sands.METHODS: Cyclohexane was adopted to separate the bitumen and solid particles from the oil sands. Fine particles and coarse particles were then separated using a 45μm standard sieve. The composition and structure of the particles were investigated by laser particle size analyzer, X-ray diffraction analyzer, specific surface area and porosity analyzer, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, organic element analyzer, scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry (SEM-EDX). The hydrophilicity/hydrophobicity of the particles was determined by film floatation and water vapor adsorption methods.RESULTS: The contents of fine particles and coarse particles in the oil sands were 53.4% and 46.2%, respectively. The fine particles contained montmorillonite, kaolinite, illite, α-quartz and anorthite, while the coarse particles contained α-quartz and anorthite with minor kaolinite, illite and montmorillonite. The contents of bitumen and hydroxyl group in the fine particles were higher than those in the coarse particles. The mean critical surface tensions for fine particles and coarse particles were >47.62mN/m and >45.55mN/m, respectively, and the average water vapor adsorptions per unit area were 1.27mg/m2 and 0.41mg/m2, respectively, indicating that the coarse particles were more hydrophobic than the fine particles.CONCLUSIONS: Regarding the adverse effects of hydrophobic solid particles on the separation and extraction of oil sand bitumen and the recovery of organic solvents, it is necessary to pay attention to fine solid particles and strengthen the research on the influence of coarse solid particles

Comparison Study on Development Path for Small and Medium-sized Enterprises E-commerce Using Complex Fuzzy Sets

E-commerce has grown exponentially in the past decade in global market. In China most E-commerce enterprises are small and medium-sized (SMEs). Compared to their large-sized counterparts, SMEs have to face many obstacles when extending their E-commerce businesses. In view of the complexity and periodicity of criteria in SMEs’ development, the paper develop an evaluation method using complex fuzzy sets (CFS) to help them select appropriate development path. Then the paper focuses on a case study in Chongqing, China and compares the results with two other different methods (TOPSIS and COPRAS). The study indicates that the presented work can better handle uncertainty and periodicity in the evaluation process

Estimation of the Impact of the New International Land and Sea Trade Channel on the Development of the Trade Potential of 8 Domestic Provinces and Cities

The new international land and sea trade channel is an important part of China’s “The Belt and Road Initiative” going south, with Chongqing as the operating center, and 7 provinces and cities such as Guangxi, Guizhou, and Gansu as key nodes. Gravity Model of Trade is adopted to analyze the issue of trade creation effect and trade transfer effect in the flow of China-ASEAN trade in detail. According to the theoretical trade value calculated by the export gravity model, the actual trade value was divided by the theoretical value to calculate the trade potential coefficient, which has been applied to measure the trade potential of export of 8 provinces and cities to the ten ASEAN countries. It is concluded that trading partners are in different types ranging from “potential remodeling”, “potential expansion” to “great potential”, and heterogeneity tests are performed to prove the self-consistency of the effect measurement. Further, it is proposed that to further develop trade relations, we must develop positive factors to promote export trade, stimulate trade needs of partner countries, and actively develop trade market countermeasures

Modeling and Analysis of Peer-to-Peer Botnets

Peer-to-Peer (P2P) botnets have emerged as one of the most serious threats to Internet security. To effectively eliminate P2P botnets, in this paper, the authors present two novel dynamical models to portray the process of formation of P2P botnets, one of which is called microlevel model, the other is called macrolevel model. Also, the stability of equilibria is investigated along with the analysis of how to prevent the P2P botnet. Furthermore, by analyzing the relationship between infection rate and the proportion of the hosts with countermeasures, we obtain the mathematical expressions of effective immune regions and depict their numerical simulations. Finally, numerical simulations verify the correctness of mathematical analysis. Our results can provide the guidance for security practitioners to defend and eliminate P2P botnet at a cost-effective way