Estimation of respiratory rate from motion contaminated photoplethysmography signals incorporating accelerometry.

Estimation of respiratory rate (RR) from photoplethysmography (PPG) signals has important applications in the healthcare sector, from assisting doctors onwards to monitoring patients in their own homes. The problem is still very challenging, particularly during the motion for large segments of data, where results from different methods often do not agree. The authors aim to propose a new technique which performs motion reduction from PPG signals with the help of simultaneous acceleration signals where the PPG and accelerometer sensors need to be embedded in the same sensor unit. This method also reconstructs motion corrupted PPG signals in the Hilbert domain. An auto-regressive (AR) based technique has been used to estimate the RR from reconstructed PPGs. The proposed method has provided promising results for the estimation of RRs and their variations from PPG signals corrupted with motion artefact. The proposed platform is able to contribute to continuous in-hospital and home-based monitoring of patients using PPG signals under various conditions such as rest and motion states

Subtelomeric assembly of a multi-gene pathway for antimicrobial defense compounds in cereals

Non-random gene organization in eukaryotes plays a significant role in genome evolution. Here, we investigate the origin of a biosynthetic gene cluster for production of defence compounds in oat—the avenacin cluster. We elucidate the structure and organisation of this 12-gene cluster, characterise the last two missing pathway steps, and reconstitute the entire pathway in tobacco by transient expression. We show that the cluster has formed de novo since the divergence of oats in a subtelomeric region of the genome that lacks homology with other grasses, and that gene order is approximately colinear with the biosynthetic pathway. We speculate that the positioning of the late pathway genes furthest away from the telomere may mitigate against a ‘self-poisoning’ scenario in which toxic intermediates accumulate as a result of telomeric gene deletions. Our investigations reveal a striking example of adaptive evolution underpinned by remarkable genome plasticity

Microdissection of Shoot Meristem Functional Domains

The shoot apical meristem (SAM) maintains a pool of indeterminate cells within the SAM proper, while lateral organs are initiated from the SAM periphery. Laser microdissection–microarray technology was used to compare transcriptional profiles within these SAM domains to identify novel maize genes that function during leaf development. Nine hundred and sixty-two differentially expressed maize genes were detected; control genes known to be upregulated in the initiating leaf (P0/P1) or in the SAM proper verified the precision of the microdissections. Genes involved in cell division/growth, cell wall biosynthesis, chromatin remodeling, RNA binding, and translation are especially upregulated in initiating leaves, whereas genes functioning during protein fate and DNA repair are more abundant in the SAM proper. In situ hybridization analyses confirmed the expression patterns of six previously uncharacterized maize genes upregulated in the P0/P1. P0/P1-upregulated genes that were also shown to be downregulated in leaf-arrested shoots treated with an auxin transport inhibitor are especially implicated to function during early events in maize leaf initiation. Reverse genetic analyses of asceapen1 (asc1), a maize D4-cyclin gene upregulated in the P0/P1, revealed novel leaf phenotypes, less genetic redundancy, and expanded D4-CYCLIN function during maize shoot development as compared to Arabidopsis. These analyses generated a unique SAM domain-specific database that provides new insight into SAM function and a useful platform for reverse genetic analyses of shoot development in maize

Chester G. Starr, The Roman Imperial Navy 31 B.C.- A.D. 324

Casson Lionel. Chester G. Starr, The Roman Imperial Navy 31 B.C.- A.D. 324. In: L'antiquité classique, Tome 30, fasc. 1, 1961. pp. 282-283

Abad besar manusia: Mesir kuno

192 hlm.; ilus.; 27 c

H. T. Wallinga, The Boarding-Bridge of the Romans. Its Construction and its Function in the Naval Tactics of the First Punic War

Casson Lionel. H. T. Wallinga, The Boarding-Bridge of the Romans. Its Construction and its Function in the Naval Tactics of the First Punic War. In: L'antiquité classique, Tome 26, fasc. 1, 1957. pp. 239-241

Abad Besar Manusia: Sejarah Kebudayaan Dunia : Mesir Kuno

Jakarta192 p.; 27 cm.: illus., inde

H. T. Wallinga, The Boarding-Bridge of the Romans. Its Construction and its Function in the Naval Tactics of the First Punic War

Casson Lionel. H. T. Wallinga, The Boarding-Bridge of the Romans. Its Construction and its Function in the Naval Tactics of the First Punic War. In: L'antiquité classique, Tome 26, fasc. 1, 1957. pp. 239-241