A Review on the Contemporary Development of Composite Materials Comprising Graphene/Graphene Derivatives

As two-dimensional materials with a high specific surface area, strength, and electrical and thermal conductivity, graphene (Gr) and its derivatives have great application prospects in various fields such as structural reinforcement, energy storage, optics, and electrical and thermal conductivity. However, the current preparation method of Gr is complicated and expensive. Its preparation cost can be reduced using Gr composites that include inorganic materials or other polymers. Composite materials comprising Gr and inorganic materials are generally prepared using sinter molding, chemical reduction, or chemical deposition. Gr should be able to mitigate several of the defects resulting from inorganic materials, including their poor toughness, small specific capacity, and low photoelectric conversion rate. The mitigation of these defects should result in the expansion of the applications of Gr composites for use in capacitors, catalysts, and sensors, among other devices. Although solution blending or in situ polymerization produces a relatively good mixing effect, in general, melt blending is used in the large-scale processing of Gr composites with polymer materials. Gr can be used to partially mitigate several weaknesses of polymer materials, including their low strength, poor electrical and thermal conductivities, and poor isolation performance, and expand the applications of Gr composites for use in electrical and thermal conductive materials and functional membrane materials, among other applications. The goal of the present paper is to introduce the structural properties of Gr and a surface modification method for Gr. In addition, the preparation methods and application fields of different Gr composite materials are reviewed. Finally, the development prospects and key issues are discussed

Preparation of core@dual-shell BT@TiO2@PDA nanoparticles and dielectric properties of BT@TiO2@PDA/PI composite films

To improve the interface compatibility, dielectric properties and energy storage density of polyimide(PI)-based composite materials, the core@dual-shell nanoparticles, BT@TiO2@PDA were obtained via facile solution method using the dopamine to coat on the BT@TiO2 nanoparticles, which is barium titanate (BT) coated with amorphous-TiO2, hydrolyzed from tetra-n-butyl titanate (TBT). A series of modified BaTiO3/PI (BT@TiO2@PDA/PI) composites with different contents of BT@TiO2@PDA were prepared through a solution casting film formation method. The results show that the dispersion of nanofillers in the polymer matrix and the interface compatibility between them can be improved by utilizing core@dual-shell nano-structured BaTiO3. The permittivity κ of BT@TiO2@PDA/PI composite films with 40%(mass fraction) filler loading increase to 8.8 (1 kHz), which is about 2.7 times higher than that of pristine polyimide, 1.4 times higher than that of pristine BaTiO3/PI composite films. Temperature-dependent and frequency-dependent dielectric performance tests confirm that BT@TiO2@PDA/PI composites possess good temperature and frequency stability. In the frequency range of 100 kHz, the dielectric loss of the composites is less than 0.010; when the filler loadings are under 40%, the permittivity of the composites decreases by less than 0.6 (1 kHz) from 25 ℃ to 160 ℃

The Detection Rate of Postpartum Depression in Advanced Maternal Age in China: a Meta-analysis

Background With the rapid development of economy and the change of fertility concept in modern population, the number of advanced maternal age is increasing year by year. Compared with appropriate maternal age, advanced maternal age is more likely to suffer from depressive symptoms due to personal, family, work, and other reasons. Objective To systematically evaluate the detection rate of postpartum depression in advanced maternal age (≥35 years at delivery) in China to provide relevant evidence for early prevention and intervention. Methods CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, CBM, PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, and Web of Science were searched for articles on the detection rate of postpartum depression in advanced maternal age in China by combining subject terms and free terms from inception to July 2023. The process of literature screening, data extraction and quality assessment were carried out by two researchers independently. Stata 16.0 software was used for data analysis. Results A total of 21 studies were included, with a total sample size of 5 163. The results of Meta-analysis showed that the overall detection rate of postpartum depression in advanced maternal age in China was 20.0% (95%CI=17.4%-22.6%). The subgroup analysis revealed that the detection rate of postpartum depression was 19.5% (95%CI=13.8%-25.3%) in women < 40 years old, 40.3% (95%CI=11.4%-69.3%) in women ≥ 40 years old, 19.7% (95%CI=11.7%-27.7%) in women with high school education level or higher, 30.7% (95%CI=19.1%-42.3%) in women with high school education level or lower, 21.1% (95%CI=14.4%-27.9%) in primipara, 16.2% (95%CI=12.9%-19.6%) in multipara, 16.4% (95%CI=12.2%-20.6%) in natural childbirth, 27.8% (95%CI=20.9%-34.8%) in cesarean section, 20.7% (95%CI=15.6%-25.8%) in women with male newborn and 27.3% (95%CI=20.5%-34.0%) in women with female newborn; there were 38.7% (95%CI=22.6%-54.8%) women with pregnancy complications, 11.7% (95%CI=7.6%-15.8%) women without pregnancy complications, 29.5% (95%CI=17.9%-41.1%) women with adverse pregnancy and childbirth history, 27.7% (95%CI=16.6%-38.8%) women without adverse pregnancy and childbirth history, 18.0% (95%CI=16.5%-19.4%) published the year before 2020, 19.5% (95%CI=18.0%-21.0%) published the year after 2020, 20.4% (95%CI=18.2%-22.6%) in the north and 18.2% (95%CI=17.0%-19.4%) in the south, 20.0% (95%CI=18.5%-21.5%) in the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) score ≥ 13 and 16.9% (95%CI=15.2%-18.5%) in the EPDS score ≥ 10. The Egger's test (t=1.76, P=0.095) and the Begg's test (Z=1.48, P=0.147) indicated no significant publication bias. Conclusion The detection rate of postpartum depression is higher for advanced maternal age in China, including women ≥ 40 years old, with high school education level or lower, primipara, cesarean section, female newborn, pregnancy complications and adverse pregnancy and childbirth history, publish year after 2020, areas of the north, EPDS score ≥ 13, attention should be paid to the psychological status of advanced maternal age, and corresponding prevention and intervention measures should be formulated

Fabrication and Application of Carboxymethyl Cellulose-Carbon Nanotube Aerogels

In this study, composite aerogels with excellent mechanical properties were prepared by using carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) as raw materials, with carboxylic carbon nanotubes (CNTs) as reinforcement. By controlling the mass fraction of CNTs, composite aerogels with different CNTs were prepared, and the surface morphology, specific surface area, compressive modulus, density and adsorption capacities towards different oils were studied. Compared to the pure CMC aerogel, the specific surface areas of CMC/CNTs were decreased because of the agglomeration of CNTs. However, the densities of composite aerogels were lower than pure CMC aerogel. This is because the CNTs were first dispersed in water and then added to CMC solution. The results indicated that it was easy for the low CMC initial concentration to be converted to low density aerogel. The compressive modulus was increased from 0.3 MPa of pure CMC aerogel to 0.5 MPa of 5 wt % CMC/CNTs aerogel. Meanwhile, the prepared aerogels showed promising properties as the adsorption materials. Because of the high viscosity, liquid possesses strong adhesion to the pore wall, the adsorption capacity of the CMC aerogel to the liquid increases as the viscosity of the liquid increases

Fine mapping and characterization of stripe rust resistance gene YrAYH in near-isogenic lines derived from a cross involving wheat landrace Anyuehong

Stripe rust, caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (Pst), is a devastating disease in wheat worldwide. Discovering and characterizing new resistance genes/QTL is crucial for wheat breeding programs. In this study, we fine-mapped and characterized a stripe rust resistance gene, YRAYH, on chromosome arm 5BL in the Chinese wheat landrace Anyuehong (AYH). Evaluations of stripe rust response to prevalent Chinese Pst races in near-isogenic lines derived from a cross of Anyuehong and Taichung 29 showed that YrAYH conferred a high level of resistance at all growth stages. Fine mapping using a large segregating population of 9748 plants, narrowed the YRAYH locus to a 3.7 Mb interval on chromosome arm 5BL that included 61 annotated genes. Transcriptome analysis of two NIL pairs identified 64 upregulated differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the resistant NILs (NILs-R). Annotations indicated that many of these genes have roles in plant disease resistance pathways. Through a combined approach of fine-mapping and transcriptome sequencing, we identified a serine/threonine-protein kinase SRPK as a candidate gene underlying YrAYH. A unique 25 bp insertion was identified in the NILs-R compared to the NILs-S and previously published wheat genomes. An InDel marker was developed and co-segregated with YrAYH. Agronomic trait evaluation of the NILs suggested that YrAYH not only reduces the impact of stripe rust but was also associated with a gene that increases plant height and spike length

Data_Sheet_1_Effect of vertebrobasilar dolichoectasia on endovascular therapy in acute posterior circulation infarction.PDF

Background and purposeThis study aimed to analyze the feasibility and safety of endovascular therapy (EVT) in patients with acute posterior circulation stroke and vertebrobasilar dolichoectasia (VBD).Materials and methodsBASILAR was a national prospective registry of consecutive patients with symptomatic and imaging-confirmed acute stroke in the posterior circulation within 24 h of symptom onset. We evaluated EVT feasibility and safety in patients with VBD. Primary outcomes included improvement in modified Rankin Scale scores (mRS) at 90 days and mortality within 90 days. The secondary outcome was the rate of favorable functional outcome, defined as mRS ≤ 3 (indicating independent ambulation) at 90 days. Safety outcomes included surgery-related complications and other serious adverse events.ResultsA total of 534 cases were included: 159 with VBD and 375 controls. No significant difference in mRS at 90 days was found between groups, but patients with VBD had a higher baseline National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score [30 (19–33) vs. 25 (15–32)] and were older [65 (59–74) vs. 63 (55–72) year]. After propensity score matching, there were no significant differences in baseline NIHSS score between the two groups, and the efficacy and safety of EVT were similar between patients with or without VBD. Furthermore, the prognostic effect of puncture-to-recanalization time on the probability of mortality within 90 days in EVT-treated patients with VBD was significant {adjusted odds ratio, 1.008 [95% confidence interval (1.001–1.015)]}.ConclusionEndovascular therapy is safe and feasible in patients with acute posterior circulation stroke and VBD. The puncture-to-recanalization time is important for predicting the prognosis of EVT-treated patients with VBD.</p