Research of Insertion Mechanism of Flexible Search and Rescue Robot

Due to various factors, the global scope disaster events occur inevitably every year. Terrorism, natural disasters or destructive earthquakes tend to cause a large number of people buried in the ruins of buildings. The research of search and rescue instruments research is mainly focused on snake-like robot and life detector both at home and abroad. The endoscopic search and rescue robot in this paper combines the characteristics of these two kinds of search and rescue equipment. This thesis mainly studies the insertion mechanism of endoscopic flexible search and rescue robot. Based on the mechanics characteristics of the flexible robot body, this paper analyzes several common failure modes during the insertion into the ruins. This article puts forward the scheme of segmented gradual pulling-pushing, which plays an important role in promoting search and rescue work

Research of Insertion Mechanism of Flexible Search and Rescue Robot

Due to various factors, the global scope disaster events occur inevitably every year. Terrorism, natural disasters or destructive earthquakes tend to cause a large number of people buried in the ruins of buildings. The research of search and rescue instruments research is mainly focused on snake-like robot and life detector both at home and abroad. The endoscopic search and rescue robot in this paper combines the characteristics of these two kinds of search and rescue equipment. This thesis mainly studies the insertion mechanism of endoscopic flexible search and rescue robot. Based on the mechanics characteristics of the flexible robot body, this paper analyzes several common failure modes during the insertion into the ruins. This article puts forward the scheme of segmented gradual pulling-pushing, which plays an important role in promoting search and rescue work

Development of Robotic Inspection System for Small Pipelines

utomated probing and inspection inside small pipelines have become a hot topic among the micro-robot researchers in both universities and companies worldwide. The reason for that is the potential applications in nuclear power plants (PWR), civil engineering (gas and water) and in chemical plants and so on. This paper outlines the R & D activities on robotic inspection systems for 20mm-diameter pipelines conducted at Shanghai University in collaboration with NDT Center for Nuclear Industry. The locomotion mechanism comparison and synthesis are covered first. Several robotic inspection systems and different locomotion mechanisms are presented. Further development goals underway are briefly discussed.Copyright © 2000 by ASM

Effects of winter barn feeding and grazing on growth performance, meat quality and rumen fungal community of Tibetan sheep

The grazing grassland ecosystem on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau is highly impacted by seasonal temperature variations. During the long cold season, the biomass and nutrient contents of forage grass do not meet the nutritional needs of grazing livestock and seriously affect growth performance and livestock products. This study investigated different feeding strategies on growth performance, meat quality and rumen fungal community of Tibetan sheep in the winter. Twelve one-year-old healthy castrated Tibetan sheep with similar initial body weights were randomly grouped into traditional grazing (TG) and barn feeding (BF) groups. The TG sheep were labelled and grazed on the local cool-season pasture without feed supplementing, while BF sheep were fed a mixed diet in feeding shed. Compared with the TG group, significantly increased body weight and average daily weight gain (ADG) were observed in the BF group (p < 0.001), which resulted in a significant increase in the hot carcase weight, net meat weight, carcase rate and net meat rate (p < 0.01). Moreover, the longissimus dorsi muscle of the BF group showed significantly increased muscle fibre diameter, perimeter, and area and increased crude protein and ether extract contents (p < 0.01), while the meat tenderness and amino acid content were reduced. ITS high-throughput sequencing showed that Ascomycota was the predominant fungal phylum in the rumen of Tibetan sheep. At the genus level, the rumen of TG sheep presented higher proportions of Preussia, Anaeromyces and Pilidium, while the most abundant genera in the BF sheep were Penicillium, Acaulium and Vishniacozyma. In summary, BF strategy enhanced the relative abundance of several dominant fungal genera related to the nutrient absorption and metabolism capacity, and effectively improves the growth and slaughter performance and affects meat quality of Tibetan sheep in the winter

Comparative Analysis of the Composition of Fatty Acids and Metabolites between Black Tibetan and Chaka Sheep on the Qinghai&mdash;Tibet Plateau

The objective of this study was to investigate and compare fatty acids and metabolites in the longissimus dorsi muscle between Black Tibetan and Chaka sheep grazing in a highly saline environment. A total of eight castrated sheep (14 months old) with similar body weights (25 &plusmn; 2.2 kg) were selected. The experimental treatments included Black Tibetan (BT) and Chaka sheep (CK) groups, and each group had four replications. The experiment lasted for 20 months. All sheep grazed in a highly saline environment for the whole experimental period and had free access to water. The results showed that the diameter (42.23 vs. 51.46 &mu;m), perimeter (131.78 vs. 166.14 &mu;m), and area of muscle fibers (1328.74 vs. 1998.64 &mu;m2) were smaller in Chaka sheep than in Black Tibetan sheep. The ash content in the longissimus dorsi was lower in Chaka sheep than in Black Tibetan sheep (p = 0.010), and the contents of dry matter (DM), ether extract (EE), and crude protein (CP) in the longissimus dorsi showed no differences (p &gt; 0.05). For fatty acids, the proportions of C10:0, C15:0, and tC18:1 in the longissimus dorsi were higher in Chaka sheep than in Black Tibetan sheep (p &lt; 0.05). However, all other individual fatty acids were similar among treatments, including saturated fatty acids (SFAs), unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs), monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs), polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), and the ratios of n-6 PUFAs to n-3 PUFAs and PUFAs to SFAs (p &gt; 0.05). A total of 65 biomarkers were identified between the two breeds of sheep. Among these metabolites, 40 metabolic biomarkers were upregulated in the CK group compared to the BT group, and 25 metabolites were downregulated. The main metabolites include 30 organic acids, 9 amino acids, 5 peptides, 4 amides, 3 adenosines, 2 amines, and other compounds. Based on KEGG analysis, eight pathways, namely, fatty acid biosynthesis, purine metabolism, the biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids, renin secretion, the regulation of lipolysis in adipocytes, neuroactive ligand&ndash;receptor interaction, the cGMP-PKG signaling pathway, and the cAMP signaling pathway, were identified as significantly different pathways. According to the results on fatty acids and metabolites, upregulated organic acid and fatty acid biosynthesis increased the meat quality of Chaka sheep

EGFR‐Induced and c‐Src‐Mediated CD47 Phosphorylation Inhibits TRIM21‐Dependent Polyubiquitylation and Degradation of CD47 to Promote Tumor Immune Evasion

Abstract Tumor cells often overexpress immune checkpoint proteins, including CD47, for immune evasion. However, whether or how oncogenic activation of receptor tyrosine kinases, which are crucial drivers in tumor development, regulates CD47 expression is unknown. Here, it is demonstrated that epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) activation induces CD47 expression by increasing the binding of c‐Src to CD47, leading to c‐Src‐mediated CD47 Y288 phosphorylation. This phosphorylation inhibits the interaction between the ubiquitin E3 ligase TRIM21 and CD47, thereby abrogating TRIM21‐mediated CD47 K99/102 polyubiquitylation and CD47 degradation. Knock‐in expression of CD47 Y288F reduces CD47 expression, increases macrophage phagocytosis of tumor cells, and inhibits brain tumor growth in mice. In contrast, knock‐in expression of CD47 K99/102R elicits the opposite effects compared to CD47 Y288F expression. Importantly, CD47‐SIRPα blockade with an anti‐CD47 antibody treatment significantly enhances EGFR‐targeted cancer therapy. In addition, CD47 expression levels in human glioblastoma (GBM) specimens correlate with EGFR and c‐Src activation and aggravation of human GBM. These findings elucidate a novel mechanism underlying CD47 upregulation in EGFR‐activated tumor cells and underscore the role of the EGFR‐c‐Src‐TRIM21‐CD47 signaling axis in tumor evasion and the potential to improve the current cancer therapy with a combination of CD47 blockade with EGFR‐targeted remedy