TSC2 nonsense mutation in angiomyolipoma with epithelial cysts: a case report and literature review

BackgroundAngiomyolipoma with epithelial cysts (AMLEC) is an extremely rare subtype of kidney angiomyolipoma that contains epithelial-lined cysts. The most distinctive immunohistochemical feature of AMLEC is its immunoreactivity with melanocytic markers. AMLEC also has a distinct histological structure, which aids in its pathological diagnosis. To date 27 cases of AMLEC have been reported in 11 case series. However, the molecular biology underlying the pathogenesis of AMLEC remains unexplored.Case reportA 30-year-old female was diagnosed with AMLEC and underwent partial nephrectomy. Histologically, the cross-section of cystic tissue revealed a multilocular appearance, with some cysts containing thrombus-like material, and the wall thickness was approximately 0.2 ~ 0.3 cm. Additionally, the compact subepithelial cellular stroma showed strong and diffuse nuclear labeling for estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, and CD10, as well as HMB45 and Melan A, which are markers of melanocytic differentiation. Furthermore, using a DNA targeted sequencing panel with next-generation sequencing, we identified a nonsense mutation in TSC Complex Subunit 2 (TSC2) gene, resulting in the formation of a premature termination codon. Moreover, the mutated genes found to be enriched in the PI3K-AKT pathway. The patient in this case had a favorable postoperative follow-up at 3 months.ConclusionTo the best of our knowledge, this study represents the first analysis of genotype mutations in AMLEC, providing valuable insights for future clinical practice. These findings have significant potential in guiding the understanding and management of AMLEC, paving the way for further research and advancements in the field

Characterization of Graphs with an Eigenvalue of Large Multiplicity

Let G be a simple and undirected graph. The eigenvalues of the adjacency matrix of G are called the eigenvalues of G. In this paper, we characterize all the n-vertex graphs with some eigenvalue of multiplicity n−2 and n−3, respectively. Moreover, as an application of the main result, we present a family of nonregular graphs with four distinct eigenvalues.</jats:p

Decarbromodiphenyl ether (BDE-209) exposure promotes migration of triple-negative breast cancer cells through STAT3 signaling pathway

Objective To explore the exposure of decarbromo diphenyl ether (BDE-209), a new persistent organic pollutant (POP) with the highest level in human body, on the migration of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cell line MDE-MB-231, and explore the effects of its exposure on the development of TNBC and underlying mechanism in the process. Methods MDA-MB-231 cells were divided into blank control group (high glucose DMEM), solvent control group (2% DMSO in high glucose DMEM) and BDE-209 exposure groups (0.02, 0.2, 2, 20, 200 and 2 000 ng/mL BDE-209 in high glucose DMEM).In 24 h after culture, CCK-8 assay was used to determine the IC50 value of BDE-209.Scratch wound assay and Transwell assay were employed to determine the effect of BDE-209 exposure on migration ability of MDA-MB-231 cells.The protein levels of signal transducers and activators of transcription 3(STAT3) and its phosphorylation level (p-STAT3) were detected with Western blotting and immunocytochemical assay.The effect of BDE-209 exposure on the expression and activation of STAT3 in tumor-bearing mice with transplantation of 4T1 cells. Results BDE-209 exposure significantly promoted the migration of MDA-MB-231 cells, in a dose-dependent manner, when compared with blank control cells (P < 0.01).Western blotting and immunocytochemical assay showed that BDE-209 exposure enhanced the expression of STAT3 and p-STAT3 in MDA-MB-231 cells (P < 0.05).In tumor-bearing mice, the expression levels of STAT3 and p-STAT3 were obviously enhanced in the TNBC tissues after exposure to 200 ng/mL BDE-209.While, treatment of STAT3 inhibitor STAT3-IN-1 could notably suppress the migration of MDA-MB-231 cells induced by BDE-209 exposure (P < 0.001). Conclusion BDE-209 exposure promotes the migration ability of TNBC cells via up-regulation and activation of STAT3, and thus improve the metastasis

A Lower Bound for the Distance Laplacian Spectral Radius of Bipartite Graphs with Given Diameter

Let G be a connected, undirected and simple graph. The distance Laplacian matrix L(G) is defined as L(G)=diag(Tr)−D(G), where D(G) denotes the distance matrix of G and diag(Tr) denotes a diagonal matrix of the vertex transmissions. Denote by ρL(G) the distance Laplacian spectral radius of G. In this paper, we determine a lower bound of the distance Laplacian spectral radius of the n-vertex bipartite graphs with diameter 4. We characterize the extremal graphs attaining this lower bound.</jats:p

Dynamic Evaluation and Analysis of Regional Innovation Capability in Eastern China from the Perspective of High-quality Development

Abstract The economy of China has turned to the stage of high-quality development. In this sense, the connotation of regional innovation capacity should reflect more aspects, such as better economic effectiveness, people-centered philosophy of development and better living conditions. This study aims at establishing the evaluation index system of regional innovation capacity under high-quality perspective. Then the dynamic evaluation method based on gray correlation degree and TOPSIS is improved. And the improved method is applied to evaluate the regional innovation capacity under high-quality development perspective. The results show that: 1) The regional innovation capacity of Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Shanghai and Guangdong under high-quality development perspective is better than other regions, while the regional innovation capacity of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei is imbalanced. Regional innovation capability of Fujian, Shandong, and Hainan from a high-quality perspective is at the middle and lower levels. 2) From the perspective of development trends, the gap of regional innovation capacity between Beijing, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Shanghai, Guangdong and Fujian, Hebei, Shandong is gradually narrowing. 3) An in-depth analysis of the regional innovation capability of the eastern provinces and cities from the perspective of high-quality development through different dimensions shows that Beijing, Guang-dong, Jiangsu perform well in all dimensions, while Fujian and Hainan need to pay more attention to innovation input and the creation of a better innovation environment to enhance innovation output and promote innovation effectiveness. At last, based on above analysis, relevant policy recommendations are proposed.</jats:p

Characterization of Graphs with an Eigenvalue of Large Multiplicity

Let G be a simple and undirected graph. The eigenvalues of the adjacency matrix of G are called the eigenvalues of G. In this paper, we characterize all the n-vertex graphs with some eigenvalue of multiplicity n−2 and n−3, respectively. Moreover, as an application of the main result, we present a family of nonregular graphs with four distinct eigenvalues

A Lower Bound for the Distance Laplacian Spectral Radius of Bipartite Graphs with Given Diameter

Let G be a connected, undirected and simple graph. The distance Laplacian matrix L(G) is defined as L(G)=diag(Tr)&minus;D(G), where D(G) denotes the distance matrix of G and diag(Tr) denotes a diagonal matrix of the vertex transmissions. Denote by &rho;L(G) the distance Laplacian spectral radius of G. In this paper, we determine a lower bound of the distance Laplacian spectral radius of the n-vertex bipartite graphs with diameter 4. We characterize the extremal graphs attaining this lower bound

Examining Nostalgia in Old Life: Antecedence and Outcome

Abstract Nostalgia is a self-conscious, bittersweet but predominantly positive and fundamentally social emotion. The regulatory model of nostalgia suggests that experiencing nostalgia can buffer against social threat (e.g. social exclusion) by providing individuals with sense of social connectedness (Sedikides, et al., 2015). In the current research, we propose that this salutary effect of nostalgia may be stronger among older adults compared to younger adults because older adults value social meaningfulness to a greater extent. Fifty-nine younger adults (Mage = 20.15, SD = 0.215) and 56 older adults (Mage = 71.02, SD = 0.679) completed daily questionnaires three times a day for ten consecutive days, and reported their emotional experience and social activities. Results showed that perceiving social threat was positively correlated with nostalgia experience reported at the subsequent time point, and this association was stronger among older adults. In addition, nostalgia positively correlated with subsequent social activities among the older participants but not among the younger participants. These findings highlight that nostalgia brings beneficial psychological (sense of social connectedness) and behavioral (social engagement) outcomes to older adults.</jats:p