Bismuth Oxychloride as an Efficient Heterogeneous Catalyst for Aldol Condensation Reaction between Aldehydes and Ketones

The aldol reaction is a cornerstone of modern synthetic organic chemistry in which the β-hydroxyketone was formed by the reaction of an enol or an enolate and a carbonyl compound. Benzalacetone is one of the fundamental building blocks of benzalacetone synthase structure that play an important role for construction of a variety of medicinally crucial phenylbutanoids, such as anti-inflammatory glucoside lindleyin in rhubarb and gingerol. The non-transition metal material attracted much attention from research groups on the world, such a potential catalyst as BiOCl for organic reaction due to its remarkably chemical and physical properties as relative stability, resistance of air and moisture, low toxicity. The BiOCl material was synthesized by the solvothermal method. The structure features of material were defined by modern analytic methods such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), Scaning Electron Microscope (SEM), and Nitrogen Adsorption-Desorption Isotherms. The BiOCl material was successfully utilized as a catalyst for the aldol condensation reaction of benzaldehyde and acetone. The reaction was performed in the mild condition with the presence of 10 mol% catalyst and 2 equivalent of Cs2CO3 as base without by-product in very short reaction times and good yields. The benzalacetone product obtained around 85% yield at 120 °C for 24 h. The BiOCl material after reaction was recovered and reused many times without significant reducing of catalytic activity. Copyright © 2023 by Authors, Published by BCREC Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0)

Synthesized BiVO4 was by the co-precipitation method for Rhodamine B degradation under visible light

Recently, BiVO4 photocatalysts has been received much attention in field of catalysts. Because it can be used to degrade harmful organic catalysts in visible light, irradiation produces CO2, H2O and less harmful organic matter. In this study, we have successfully synthesized a BiVO4 photocatalysts via co-precipitation method in the presence of urea and different calcined temperatures. The survey calcined temperatures as 300°C; 350°C; 400°C and 450°C. The obtained materials were characterized by Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The photocatalytic activity was evaluated by the photocatalytic degradation of rhodamine B (RhB) degradation under visible compact Philip lamp (40W) light irradiation. The result indicates that all samples calcined are monoclinic scheelite structure of BiVO4. The BiVO4-350°C sample performed the best in the photodegradation of RhB

A facile synthesis and properties of bismuth vanadate (BiVO4) photocatalyst by hydrothermal method

In this study, BiVO4 photocatalysts were synthesized by hydrothermal method using Bi(NO3)3 5H2O and NH4VO3 as raw materials followed by calcination at different temperatures in the range from 350 °C to 600 °C. The as-synthesized BiVO4 samples were characterized by a number of physicochemical techniques including X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman analysis, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and UV-Visible (UV-Vis) light diffuse reflectance spectrophotometry. The effect of temperatures calcination on structure, surface morphology, visible-light photocatalytic activity and light absorption performance of BiVO4 was discussed in details

A <i>LEA</i> Gene from a Vietnamese Maize Landrace Can Enhance the Drought Tolerance of Transgenic Maize and Tobacco

Maize (Zea mays) is a major cereal crop worldwide, and there is increasing demand for maize cultivars with enhanced tolerance to desiccation. Late embryogenesis abundant (LEA) proteins group 5C is involved in plants&#8217; responses to various osmotic stresses such as drought and salt. A putative group 5C LEA gene from Z. mays cv. Tevang 1 was isolated, named ZmLEA14tv, and cloned into a T-DNA for expression in plants. The deduced amino acid of ZmLEA14tv showed a conserved Pfam LEA_2 domain and a high proportion of hydrophobic residues, characteristic of group 5C LEA proteins. Transgenic tobacco and maize plants expressing ZmLEA14tv were generated. During drought simulation conditions, the ZmLEA14tv-expressing plants of tobacco showed improved recovery ability, while those of maize enhanced the seed germination in comparison with the non-transgenic control plants. In addition, the survival rate of ZmLEA14tv transgenic maize seedlings was twice as high as the control. These results indicated that ZmLEA14tv might be involved in the drought tolerance of plants and could be a candidate gene for developing enhanced drought-tolerant crops

Visible light induced enhanced photocatalytic degradation of industrial effluents (rhodamine B) using BiVO4 nanoparticles

This study investigates the photodegradation of the organic dye Rhodamine B (RhB) under visible light irradiation by BiVO4 photocatalysts synthesized hydrothermal method. A RhB solution (100 mL, 15 ppm) was degraded in 20 min using the BiVO4 photocatalysts with visible light irradiation. The effect of temperatures calcination on visible-light photocatalytic activity and light absorption performance of BiVO4 was discussed in details. The results showed that BiVO4 sample calcined at 450 °C exhibited the highest photocatalytic performance on the degradation of a Rhodamine B solution. The RhB degradation by the BiVO4 catalyst is 62.38% after 200 min of simulated solar irradiation

Combined Minimum-Run Resolution IV and Central Composite Design for Optimized Removal of the Tetracycline Drug Over Metal–Organic Framework-Templated Porous Carbon

In this study, a minimum-run resolution IV and central composite design have been developed to optimize tetracycline removal efficiency over mesoporous carbon derived from the metal-organic framework MIL-53 (Fe) as a self-sacrificial template. Firstly, minimum-run resolution IV, powered by the Design&#8211;Expert program, was used as an efficient and reliable screening study for investigating a set of seven factors, these were: tetracycline concentration (A: 5&#8211;15 mg/g), dose of mesoporous carbons (MPC) (B: 0.05&#8211;0.15 g/L), initial pH level (C: 2&#8211;10), contact time (D: 1&#8211;3 h), temperature (E: 20&#8211;40 &#176;C), shaking speed (F: 150&#8211;250 rpm), and Na+ ionic strength (G: 10&#8211;90 mM) at both low (&#8722;1) and high (+1) levels, for investigation of the data ranges. The 20-trial model was analyzed and assessed by Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) data, and diagnostic plots (e.g., the Pareto chart, and half-normal and normal probability plots). Based on minimum-run resolution IV, three factors, including tetracycline concentration (A), dose of MPC (B), and initial pH (C), were selected to carry out the optimization study using a central composite design. The proposed quadratic model was found to be statistically significant at the 95% confidence level due to a low P-value (&lt;0.05), high R2 (0.9078), and the AP ratio (11.4), along with an abundance of diagnostic plots (3D response surfaces, Cook&#8217;s distance, Box-Cox, DFFITS, Leverage versus run, residuals versus runs, and actual versus predicted). Under response surface methodology-optimized conditions (e.g., tetracycline concentration of 1.9 mg/g, MPC dose of 0.15 g/L, and pH level of 3.9), the highest tetracycline removal efficiency via confirmation tests reached up to 98.0%&#8211;99.7%. Also, kinetic intraparticle diffusion and isotherm models were systematically studied to interpret how tetracycline molecules were absorbed on an MPC structure. In particular, the adsorption mechanisms including &#8220;electrostatic attraction&#8222; and &#8220;&#960;&#8211;&#960; interaction&#8222; were proposed

sj-docx-1-npx-10.1177_1934578X241226825 - Supplemental material for Neolignan Glycoside and Other Constituents From the Leaves of <i>Ligustrum sinense</i> and Their Anti-Inflammatory Activity

Supplemental material, sj-docx-1-npx-10.1177_1934578X241226825 for Neolignan Glycoside and Other Constituents From the Leaves of Ligustrum sinense and Their Anti-Inflammatory Activity by Nong Thi Anh Thu, Lo Huyen Linh, Dao Anh Hoang, Nguyen Tu Oanh, Vu Mai Thao, Nguyen Thi Minh Hang and Nguyen Xuan Nhiem in Natural Product Communications</p