Unique times, unequal mobilities: Daily mobility during the de‐escalation of the COVID‐19 pandemic

European Research Council, Grant/Award Number: 740113; Consejería de Economía, Innovación, Ciencia y Empleo, Junta de Andalucía, Grant/Award Number: P20_00572; Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación de España, Grant/Award Number: PID2020‐119569GA‐I00; Universidad de Granada/CBUAScholars have highlighted drastic reductions in daily mobility during the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown. But what happened when restrictions were relaxed though risk remained ubiquitous? How did patterns of mobility change and how were they structured by socioeconomic resources and social roles? We address these questions using a cross-sectional representative sample (n = 2942) of the population of Andalusia, Spain, after a month and a half of severe lockdown in 2020. We find that older people were the least mobile group and that people living with children and in extended households were less likely to move to take care of others, unlike before the pandemic. Men were more likely to carry out daily mobilities for which women had been traditionally responsible, such as care mobilities. Women were also more likely to be immobile and less likely to commute. Finally, manual and nonqualified workers were more likely to commute, but they were just as likely as any other group to carry out other types of mobility. These results highlight the social character of mobility in a unique context. We emphasize the need to disaggregate daily mobility based on different purposes as well analysing how these are practised by different sociodemographic groups if we want to provide rigorous descriptions of a core component of individuals' daily life.European Research Council (ERC) European Commission 740113Junta de Andalucia P20_00572Ministry of Science and Innovation, Spain (MICINN) Spanish Government PID2020-119569GA-I00Universidad de Granada/CBU

Evaluación de las competencias digitales en un ambiente universitario

Objective: Traditionally, competency assessment models dedicated largely to informational competencies dedicated to assessing levels of information literacy (IL) have been applied, mainly in academic environments. With the development of computerization processes, the use of digital skills and their evaluation have been imposed, even in non-academic environments. The aim is to create and apply an instrument for evaluating digital skills based on the European DIGCOMP model. Methodology: The characteristics of the DIGCOMP model, developed in the "European Framework for Digital Competences", are presented. Empirical level methods were applied for their selection and application, such as; the documentary study as well as the interview with directors and main specialists of the Ministry of Higher Education. The historical background of models and tools implemented in the last decade were also studied in order to detect their validity. Results: It is concluded that the development in information and communications technologies has imposed the need for changes in the traditional models and instruments implemented for the diagnosis of competencies for not presenting the relevance and importance of the prevailing digital ecosystem at the international level that enhances the access, processing, protection and use of the necessary information in our higher education system. In the work, the DIGCOMP model is used because it is very complete and versatile. On it, a digital skills self-assessment instrument is designed and applied to university students. Conclusions: In the study carried out, the DIGCOMP model was implemented to diagnose the state of digital skills, since it is considered very versatile and complete to carry out studies of them in different environments. On this occasion, a study was developed in a university academic environment under the self-assessment modality. Value: The identification of the Areas and the descriptions of the specific competences of the DIGCOMP model relevant for the evaluation of university professors and students will allow the development of a specific instrument for the evaluation of digital competences.Tradicionalmente se han aplicado modelos de evaluación de competencias dedicadas en gran medida  a las informacionales dedicadas a evaluar niveles de alfabetización informacional (ALFIN) principalmente en ambientes académicos. Con el desarrollo de los procesos de informatización se han impuesto el empleo de las competencias digitales y su evaluación, incluso en ambientes no académicos. Se pretende crear y aplicar un instrumento de evaluación de las competencias digitales basado en el modelo DIGCOMP europeo. Se presentan las características del modelo DIGCOMP, elaborado en el “Marco europeo de competencias digitales”. Se aplicaron para su selección y aplicación los métodos del nivel empírico, tales como; el estudio documental así como la entrevista a directivos y especialistas principales del Ministerio de Educación Superior. Se estudiaron además los antecedentes históricos de modelos y herramientas implementadas en la última década con el fin de detectar su vigencia. Se concluye que el desarrollo en las tecnologías de la información y comunicaciones ha impuesto la necesidad de cambios en los modelos e instrumentos tradicionales implementados para los diagnósticos de competencias por no presentar las relevancias e importancias del ecosistema digital imperante a nivel internacional que potencia el acceso, procesamiento, resguardo y empleo de la información necesaria en nuestro sistema de educación superior. En el trabajo se emplea el modelo DIGCOMP por ser muy completo y versátil. Sobre el mismo se diseña y aplica a estudiantes universitarios un instrumento de autoevaluación de competencias digitales. En el estudio realizado se implementó el modelo DIGCOMP  para diagnosticar el estado de las competencias digitales por considerarse muy versátil y completo para hacer estudios de las mismas en diferentes entornos. En esta ocasión se desarrollo un estudio en un ambiente académico universitarios  bajo la modalidad de autoevaluación. La identificación de las Áreas y las descripciones de las competencias específicas del modelo DIGCOMP pertinentes para la evaluación de los profesores y estudiantes univesitarios  permitirá desarrollar un instrumento específico para la evaluación de competencias digitales

Prospective study of diagnostic accuracy in the detection of high-grade prostate cancer in biopsy-naïve patients with clinical suspicion of prostate cancer who underwent the Select MDx test

[Objectives] This study aimed to externally validate the diagnostic accuracy of the Select MDx test for Significant prostate cancer (Sig PCa) (ISUP > 1), in a contemporaneous, prospective, multicenter cohort with a prostate-specific antigen (PSA) between 3 and 10 ng/ml and a non-suspicious digital rectal examination.[Methods and Participants] For all enrolled patients, the Select Mdx test, the risk calculator ERSPC3 + DRE, and a prostatic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were carried out. Subsequently, a systematic 12-core trans-rectal biopsy and a targeted biopsy, in the case of a prostate imaging–reporting and data system (PIRADS) > 2 lesion (max three lesions), were performed. To assess the accuracy of the Select MDx test in the detection of clinically Sig PCa, the test sensitivity was evaluated. Secondary objectives were specificity, negative predictive value (NPV), positive predictive value (PPV), and area under the curve (AUC). A direct comparison with the ERSPC + DRE risk calculator and MRI were also performed. We also studied the predictive ability to diagnose Sig PCa from the combination of the Select MDx test with MRI using clinical decision-curve analysis.[Results] There were 163 patients enrolled after meeting the inclusion criteria and study protocol. The Select MDx test showed a sensitivity of 76.9% (95% CI, 63.2–87.5), 49.6% specificity (95% CI, 39.9–59.2), 82.09% (95% CI, 70.8–90.4) NPV, and 41.67% (95% CI, 31.7–52.2) PPV for the diagnosis of Sig PCa. COR analysis was also performed, which showed an AUC of 0.63 (95% CI, 0.56–0.71). There were no differences in the accuracy of Select MDx, ERSPC + DRE, or MRI. The combination of Select MDX + MRI showed the highest impact in the decision-curve analysis, with an NPV of 93%.[Conclusion] Our study showed a worse performance for the SelectMdx test than previously reported, within a cohort of patients with a PSA 3–10 ng/ml and a normal DRE, with results similar to those from ERSPC + DRE RC and MRI, but with an improvement in the usual PSA pathway. A combination of the Select Mdx test and MRI could improve accuracy, but studies specifically evaluating this scenario with a cost-effective analysis are needed.This study received grant support from Ferrer to support the test performance, research meetings, and Central Registration Depository and CRO monitoring of the information platform for multicenter studies (AEU-PIEM/2018/0004).Peer reviewe

Sub-micro- and nano-sized polyethylene terephthalate deconstruction with engineered protein nanopores

The identification or design of biocatalysts to mitigate the accumulation of plastics, including sub-micro- and nano-sized polyethylene terephthalate (nPET), is becoming a global challenge. Here we computationally incorporated two hydrolytic active sites with geometries similar to that of Idionella sakaiensis PET hydrolase, to fragaceatoxin C (FraC), a membrane pore-forming protein. FraCm1/m2 could be assembled into octameric nanopores (7.0 nm high × 1.6–6.0 nm entry), which deconstructed (40 °C, pH 7.0) nPET from GoodFellow, commodities and plastic bottles. FraCm1 and FraCm2 degrade nPET by endo- and exo-type chain scission. While FraCm1 produces bis(2-hydroxyethyl) terephthalate as the main product, FraCm2 yields a high diversity of oligomers and terephthalic acid. Mechanistic and biochemical differences with benchmark PET hydrolases, along with pore and nPET dynamics, suggest that these pore-forming protein catalytic nanoreactors do not deconstruct macro-PET but are promising in nanotechnology for filtering, capturing and breaking down nPET, for example, in wastewater treatment plants. [Figure not available: see fulltext.]. © 2023, The Author(s).This study was conducted under the auspices of the FuturEnzyme Project funded by the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme under the auspices of the FuturEnzyme Project (grant agreement no. 101000327) and the PlasticsFatE project (grant agreement no. 95921), and Horizon Europe Research and Innovation Programme under grant agreement no. GA101060625 (Nymphe project). We also acknowledge financial support under grants PID2020-112758RB-I00 (M.F.), PDC2021-121534-I00 (M.F.), TED2021-130544B-I00 (M.F.), PID2019-106370RB-I00 (V.G.) and PID2019-105838RB-C31 (F.J.P.) from the Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación, Agencia Estatal de Investigación (AEI) (Digital Object Identifier MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033), Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (ERDF) A way of making Europe and the European Union NextGenerationEU/PRTR, UCM-Banco Santander Grants PR87/19-22556 and PR108/20-26896 and UnaEuropa (Unano) SF2106 (to A.M.P.). S.G.-L. was supported by a Real Colegio Complutense Postdoctoral Fellowship for Distinguished Junior Scholars. S.R. thanks the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation for a PhD fellowship (FPU19/00608). D.H.-M. thanks Complutense University of Madrid and Banco Santander for a PhD fellowship (CT82/20/CT83/20). A.R.-M. thanks the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation for a PhD fellowship (PRE2020-091825) and the project PID2019-106370RB-I00. We thank M. J. Vicente for the ESI–MS analysis, performed at the Servicio Interdepartamental de Investigación (SIDI) from the Autonomous University of Madrid, Spain.Supplementary dataPeer reviewe

Métodos y técnicas de monitoreo y predicción temprana en los escenarios de riesgos socionaturales

Esta obra concentra los métodos y las técnicas fundamentales para el seguimiento y monitoreo de las dinámicas de los escenarios de riesgos socionaturales (geológicos e hidrometeorológicos) y tiene como objetivo general orientar, apoyar y acompañar a los directivos y operativos de protección civil en aterrizar las acciones y políticas públicas enfocadas a la gestión del riesgo local de desastre

EDUCACIÓN AMBIENTAL Y SOCIEDAD. SABERES LOCALES PARA EL DESARROLLO Y LA SUSTENTABILIDAD

Este texto contribuye al análisis científico de varias áreas del conocimiento como la filosofía social, la patología, la educación para el cuidado del medio ambiente y la sustentabilidad que inciden en diversas unidades de aprendizaje de la Licenciatura en Educación para la Salud y de la Maestría en Sociología de la SaludLas comunidades indígenas de la sierra norte de Oaxaca México, habitan un territorio extenso de biodiversidad. Sin que sea una área protegida y sustentable, la propia naturaleza de la región ofrece a sus visitantes la riqueza de la vegetación caracterizada por sus especies endémicas que componen un paisaje de suma belleza

The Helicobacter pylori Genome Project : insights into H. pylori population structure from analysis of a worldwide collection of complete genomes

Helicobacter pylori, a dominant member of the gastric microbiota, shares co-evolutionary history with humans. This has led to the development of genetically distinct H. pylori subpopulations associated with the geographic origin of the host and with differential gastric disease risk. Here, we provide insights into H. pylori population structure as a part of the Helicobacter pylori Genome Project (HpGP), a multi-disciplinary initiative aimed at elucidating H. pylori pathogenesis and identifying new therapeutic targets. We collected 1011 well-characterized clinical strains from 50 countries and generated high-quality genome sequences. We analysed core genome diversity and population structure of the HpGP dataset and 255 worldwide reference genomes to outline the ancestral contribution to Eurasian, African, and American populations. We found evidence of substantial contribution of population hpNorthAsia and subpopulation hspUral in Northern European H. pylori. The genomes of H. pylori isolated from northern and southern Indigenous Americans differed in that bacteria isolated in northern Indigenous communities were more similar to North Asian H. pylori while the southern had higher relatedness to hpEastAsia. Notably, we also found a highly clonal yet geographically dispersed North American subpopulation, which is negative for the cag pathogenicity island, and present in 7% of sequenced US genomes. We expect the HpGP dataset and the corresponding strains to become a major asset for H. pylori genomics

Base de datos y sintaxis utilizada para la elaboración de análisis del artículo "Unique times, unequal mobilities: Daily mobility during the de‐escalation of the COVID‐19 pandemic", DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/psp.2662

DOI: 10.30827/Digibug.86659Proyecto Multi-methodological Approach to Residential Behaviour and Everyday Life, MARBEL (PID2020-119569GA-I00). Financiado por Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación, Gobierno de Españ