Multiple roles of dihomo-γ-linolenic acid against proliferation diseases

Considerable arguments remain regarding the diverse biological activities of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA). One of the most interesting but controversial dietary approaches focused on the diverse function of dihomo-dietary γ-linolenic acid (DGLA) in anti-inflammation and anti-proliferation diseases, especially for cancers. This strategy is based on the ability of DGLA to interfere in cellular lipid metabolism and eicosanoid (cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase) biosynthesis. Subsequently, DGLA can be further converted by inflammatory cells to 15-(S)-hydroxy-8,11,13-eicosatrienoic acid and prostaglandin E1 (PGE1). This is noteworthy because these compounds possess both anti-inflammatory and anti-proliferative properties. PGE1 could also induce growth inhibition and differentiation of cancer cells. Although the mechanism of DGLA has not yet been elucidated, it is significant to anticipate the antitumor potential benefits from DGLA

“Hold infinity in the palm of your hand.” A functional description of time expressions through fingers based on Chinese Sign Language naturalistic data

AbstractThis paper investigates the relationship between fingers and time representations in naturalistic Chinese Sign Language (CSL). Based on a CSL Corpus (Shanghai Variant, 2016–), we offer a thorough description of finger configurations for time expressions from 63 deaf signers, including three main types: digital, numeral incorporation, and points-to-fingers. The former two were further divided into vertical and horizontal fingers according to the orientation of fingertips. The results showed that there were interconnections between finger representations, numbers, ordering, and time in CSL. Vertical fingers were mainly used to quantify time units, whereas horizontal fingers were mostly used for sequencing or ordering events, and their forms could be influenced by Chinese number characters and the vertical writing direction. Furthermore, the use of points-to-fingers (e.g., pointing to the thumb, index, or little finger) formed temporal connectives in CSL and could be patterned to put a conversation in order. Additionally, CSL adopted similar linguistic forms in sequential time and adverbs of reason (e.g., cause and effect: events that happened earlier and events that happen later). Such a cause-and-effect relationship was a special type of temporal sequence. In conclusion, fingers are essential for time representation in CSL and their forms are biologically and culturally shaped.</jats:p

Tungsten Disulphide Based All Fiber Q-Switching Cylindrical-Vector Beam Generation

We proposed and demonstrated an all fiber passively Q-switching laser to generate cylindrical-vectorbeam, a two dimensional material,tungsten disulphide (WS2), was adopted as a saturable absorber inside the laser cavity, while a few-mode fiber Bragg grating was used as a transverse mode-selective output coupler. The repetition rate of the Q-switching output pulses can be varied from 80 kHz to 120 kHz with a shortest duration of 958 ns. Attributed to the high damage threshold and polarization insensitivity of the WS2 based saturable absorber, the radially polarized beam and azimuthally polarized beam can be easily generated in the Q-switchingfiber laser

Association between genetic polymorphisms of cytochrome P450 2C19 and the risk of cerebral ischemic stroke in Chinese

BACKGROUND: Cytochrome P450 (CYP) 2C19 is a very important drug metabolizing enzyme. Although the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of CYP2C19 G681A and G636A have been suggested that they may increase the incidence of cardiovascular events, the relationship between SNPs in CYP2C19 and cerebral ischemic stroke (CIS) are unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation between the distribution of G681A and G636A polymorphisms in CYP2C19 gene and the risk of CIS in Chinese. METHODS: The peripheral blood DNA was extracted from 299 patients with CIS and 295 healthy controls. The genotyping was conducted using the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism. The sampled sequencing was applied to verify the correctness of genotyping results. Both the genotype and allele distributions were compared in patients with CIS and healthy controls. RESULTS: The frequencies of CYP2C19 681AA (11.7% vs. 2.7%; P = 0.000), 636AA (4.0% vs. 0.7%; P = 0.007), 636AG (7.0% vs. 2.2%; P = 0.038) genotype, CYP2C19 681A (30.9% vs. 20.8%; P = 0.000) and 636A (13.0% vs. 5.8%; P = 0.000) allele in the CIS group are significantly higher than those in the controls. The frequencies of CYP2C19 681AA (16.7% vs. 8.6%; P = 0.036), CYP2C19 636AA (7.0% vs. 2.2%; P = 0.038) genotype, CYP2C19 681A (36.4% vs. 27.6%; P = 0.023) and CYP2C19 636A (17.5% vs.10.3%; P = 0.010) allele in the recurrent stroke group are significantly higher than those in the first onset group. Multivariate logistic regression analysis of risk factors for cerebral ischemic stroke and recurrent stroke respectively suggests that the CYP2C19 681AA genotype may be an independent risk factor for CIS (OR = 6.179, 95% CI: 2.285 ~ 16.708; P = 0.000) and recurrent stroke (OR = 2.305, 95% CI: 1.121 ~ 4.743; P = 0.023). CONCLUSIONS: The AA genotype and A allele of CYP2C19 G681A may be related to the occurrence and recurrence of cerebral ischemic stroke

Fault location in CNC system software based on the architecture expansion

Trenutno ne postoje odgovarajuće metode kojima bi se pronašla greška u softveru CNC sustava i otklonile skrivene opasnosti. U svrhu poboljšanja pouzdanosti CNC sustava, u radu je predložena metoda lokacije greške u softveru CNC sustava zasnovana na širenju arhitekture. Analizirana je greška u softveru CNC sustava, predložena je metoda širenja arhitekture softvera CNC sustava i ustanovljena je komponenta širenja. Pratili su se i bilježili izvršna putanja i informacije o morfologiji podataka softvera, dobivena je putanja greške i prihvaćen algoritam slične putanje kako bi se generirala putanja slična putanji greške. Postavljen je model zasnovan na potpori vektora najmanjim kvadratima (Least Square Support Vector Machine - LS-SVM) kako bi se odredila naredba za grešku, eliminirale greške i greška softvera stavila u strukturu CNC sustava. Eksperimentiranje s lokacijom greške provedeno je u kartici za nadzor višeosnog gibanja PCI-7344. Rezultat eksperimenta pokazuje da se predloženom metodom izbjeglo ponovljeno testiranje i otklanjanje grešaka od strane programera. Neograničena umjetnim faktorima i nivoima, to je pouzdana metoda za lociranje greške u softveru CNC sustava.There are currently no appropriate methods to find CNC system software defects and eliminate hidden dangers. In order to improve CNC system reliability, the architecture expansion-based fault location method in CNC system software was proposed in this paper. The failure of CNC system software was 619 analysed, the expansion method of CNC system software architecture was proposed and the expansion component was established. The software data morphology information and running path were monitored and recorded, the failure pathway was obtained and a similar path set algorithm was adopted to generate the similar pathway set of the fault path. A least squares SVM-based suspicion model was established to determine the fault statement, eliminate faults and position the software fault in the level of the CNC system structure. Fault location experimentation was conducted in the multi-axis movement control card PCI-7344. The experiment’s result shows that the method proposed avoided the repeated testing and debugging by programmers. Without being limited by artificial factors and levels, it is a reliable method of CNC system software fault location