3,434 research outputs found
Development of Computer Vision-Enhanced Smart Golf Ball Retriever
An automatic vehicle system was developed to assist golfers in collecting golf balls from a practice field. Computer vision methodology was utilized to enhance the detection of golf balls in shallow and/or deep grass regions. The free software OpenCV was used in this project because of its powerful features and supported repository. The homemade golf ball picker was built with a smart recognition function for golf balls and can lock onto targets by itself. A set of field tests was completed in which the rate of golf ball recognition was as high as 95%. We report that this homemade smart golf ball picker can reduce the tremendous amount of labor associated with having to gather golf balls scattered throughout a practice field
Point Discriminative Learning for Data-efficient 3D Point Cloud Analysis
3D point cloud analysis has drawn a lot of research attention due to its wide
applications. However, collecting massive labelled 3D point cloud data is both
time-consuming and labor-intensive. This calls for data-efficient learning
methods. In this work we propose PointDisc, a point discriminative learning
method to leverage self-supervisions for data-efficient 3D point cloud
classification and segmentation. PointDisc imposes a novel point discrimination
loss on the middle and global level features produced by the backbone network.
This point discrimination loss enforces learned features to be consistent with
points belonging to the corresponding local shape region and inconsistent with
randomly sampled noisy points. We conduct extensive experiments on 3D object
classification, 3D semantic and part segmentation, showing the benefits of
PointDisc for data-efficient learning. Detailed analysis demonstrate that
PointDisc learns unsupervised features that well capture local and global
geometry.Comment: This work is published in 3DV 202
2019 Overview
The CNS Neuroscience & Therapeutics provides a medium for rapid publication of original clinical, experimental, and translational research papers, timely reviews, and reports of novel findings of therapeutic relevance to the central nervous system. Its focus includes clinical pharmacology, drug development, and novel methodologies for drug evaluation in neurological and psychiatric diseases. We are pleased to announce that CNS Neuroscience & Therapeutics has become an OpenâAccess Journal as of January 2019. This would allow wider dissemination of scientific knowledge and facilitate collaborative efforts toward advancing novel and solid research on the maintenance of brain homeostasis and repairing the aging and dysfunctional brain
Scattering approach for calculating one-loop effective action and vacuum energy
An approach for calculating one-loop effective actions and vacuum energies in
nonrelativistic quantum field theory is suggested. The starting point is to
regard one-loop effective actions and vacuum energies in quantum field theory
and scattering phase shifts and amplitudes in quantum mechanics as spectral
functions of an operator. Different spectral functions of the same operator may
belong to different fields of physics. Methods for calculating various spectral
functions can be interconverted through transform relations among spectral
functions. In principle, all methods for calculating scattering phase shifts
and amplitudes can be converted to methods for the calculation of the one-loop
effective actions and vacuum energies. As an example, we convert the Born
approximation in quantum mechanics to a method for calculating one-loop
effective actions and vacuum energies
On Representation Knowledge Distillation for Graph Neural Networks
Knowledge distillation is a learning paradigm for boosting resource-efficient
graph neural networks (GNNs) using more expressive yet cumbersome teacher
models. Past work on distillation for GNNs proposed the Local Structure
Preserving loss (LSP), which matches local structural relationships defined
over edges across the student and teacher's node embeddings. This paper studies
whether preserving the global topology of how the teacher embeds graph data can
be a more effective distillation objective for GNNs, as real-world graphs often
contain latent interactions and noisy edges. We propose Graph Contrastive
Representation Distillation (G-CRD), which uses contrastive learning to
implicitly preserve global topology by aligning the student node embeddings to
those of the teacher in a shared representation space. Additionally, we
introduce an expanded set of benchmarks on large-scale real-world datasets
where the performance gap between teacher and student GNNs is non-negligible.
Experiments across 4 datasets and 14 heterogeneous GNN architectures show that
G-CRD consistently boosts the performance and robustness of lightweight GNNs,
outperforming LSP (and a global structure preserving variant of LSP) as well as
baselines from 2D computer vision. An analysis of the representational
similarity among teacher and student embedding spaces reveals that G-CRD
balances preserving local and global relationships, while structure preserving
approaches are best at preserving one or the other
Association of erythrocyte n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids with incident type 2 diabetes in a Chinese population
Summary
Background & aims
The association between circulating n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) biomarkers and incident type 2 diabetes in Asian populations remains unclear. We aimed to examine the association of erythrocyte n-3 PUFA with incident type 2 diabetes in a Chinese population.
Methods
A total of 2671 participants, aged 40â75 y, free of type 2 diabetes at baseline, were included in the present analysis. Incident type 2 diabetes cases (n = 213) were ascertained during median follow-up of 5.6 years. Baseline erythrocyte fatty acids were measured by gas chromatography. We used multivariable Cox regression models to estimate the hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of type 2 diabetes across quartiles of erythrocyte n-3 PUFA.
Results
After adjustment for potential confounders, HRs (95% CIs) of type 2 diabetes were 0.68 (0.47, 1.00), 0.77 (0.52, 1.15), and 0.63 (0.41, 0.95) in quartiles 2â4 of docosapentaenoic acid (C22:5n-3) (P-trend = 0.07), compared with quartile 1; and 1.08 (0.74, 1.60), 1.03 (0.70, 1.51), and 0.57 (0.38, 0.86) for eicosapentaenoic acid (C20:5n-3) (P-trend = 0.007). No association was found for docosahexaenoic acid (C22:6n-3) or alpha-linolenic acid (C18:3n-3).
Conclusions
Erythrocyte n-3 PUFA from marine sources (C22:5n-3 and C20:5n-3), as biomarkers of dietary marine n-3 PUFA, were inversely associated with incident type 2 diabetes in this Chinese population. Future prospective investigations in other Asian populations are necessary to confirm our findings
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