English adverbial relative clauses: A new angle in the English as a foreign language classroom

Intralingual comparison in language learning is an effective teaching method, which introduces a new learning from what students have mastered to what they are going to learn. The study is to investigate the effects of applying intralingual comparison on the teaching of English adverbial relative clauses to Chinese Senior high school students. Data was collected utilizing both quantitative and qualitative methods in a mixed method design. Data was gathered via experimental research (n=103) and semi-structured interview (n=12). The experimental group’s posttest scores improved statistically significantly after intervention. Research findings suggest that applying intralingual comparison in teaching could be considered as an effective teaching method in improving students’ performance on learning English adverbial relative clauses. Besides, students would have more active and positive attitudes toward learning adverbial relative clauses than the traditional teaching method

Few-Shot Knowledge Graph Completion Based on Selective Attention

Most few-shot knowledge graph completion models have some problems, such as low ability to learn relation representation and rarely attaching importance to the relative location and interaction between query entity pair when the relation between entities is complex or triples’ neighborhood is sparse. A selective attention mechanism and interaction awareness (SAIA) based few-shot knowledge graph completion algorithm is proposed. Firstly, by introducing selective attention mechanism in the process of aggregating neighbor information, the neighbor encoder pays more attention to important neighbors to reduce adverse effects of noise neighbors. Secondly, SAIA utilizes the information related to task relation in the background knowledge graph to learn more accurate relation embedding in the process of relationship representation learning. Finally, in order to mine the interaction information and location information between entities in knowledge graph, a common interaction rate index (CIR) of entity pair is designed to measure the degree of association between entities in 3-hop path. Then, SAIA combines entity pair semantic information to predict new fact. Experimental results show that SAIA outperforms the state-of-the-art few-shot knowledge graph completion methods. Compared with the optimal results of baseline models, the proposed method achieves 5-shot link prediction performance improvement of 0.038, 0.011, 0.028 and 0.052 on NELL-one dataset and 0.034，0.037，0.029 and 0.027 on Wiki-one dataset by the metric MRR, Hits@10, Hits@5 as well as Hits@1, which verifies the effectiveness and feasibility of SAIA

Practical MOF nanoarchitectonics: new strategies for enhancing the processability of MOFs for practical applications

Over the past decades, the development of porous materials has directly or indirectly affected industrial production methods. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) as an emerging class of porous materials exhibit some unique advantages, including controllable composition, a large surface area, high porosity, and so on. These attractive characteristics of MOFs have led to their potential applications in energy storage and conversion devices, drug delivery, adsorption and storage, sensors, and other areas. However, powdered MOFs have limited practical applications owing to poor processability, safety hazards from dust formation, and poor recyclability. In addition, the inherent micro/mesoporosities of MOFs also reduce the accessibility and diffusion kinetics for large molecules. To improve their processability for practical applications, MOFs are often deposited as MOF layers or films (i.e., MOF-coated composites) on supporting materials or are formed into 3D structured composites, such as aerogels and hydrogels. In this article, we review recent researches on these MOF composites, including their synthetic methods and potential applications in energy storage devices, heavy metal ion adsorption, and water purification. Finally, the future outlook and challenges associated with the large-scale fabrication of MOF-based composites for practical applications are discussed

Metal-organic framework-derived one-dimensional porous or hollow carbon-based nanofibers for energy storage and conversion

Metal organic framework (MOF)-derived nanoporous carbons (NPCs) have been proposed as promising electrode materials for energy storage and conversion devices. However, MOF-derived NPCs typically suffer from poor electrical conductivity due to the lack of connectivity between these particles and a micropore-dominated storage mechanism, which hinder mass and electron transfer, thereby leading to poor electrochemical performance. In recent years, one-dimensional (1D) MOF-derived carbon nanostructures obtained using an electrospinning method have emerged as promising materials for both electrochemical energy storage (EES) and energy conversion applications. In this mini review, the recent progress in the development of MOF-derived 1D porous or hollow carbon nanofibers using the electrospinning method and their application in energy storage (e.g., supercapacitors and rechargeable batteries) and conversion devices (e.g., fuel cells) is presented. The synthetic method, formation mechanism and the structure-activity relationship of such porous or hollow carbon nanofibers are also discussed in detail. Finally, future perspectives on the development of electrospun MOF-derived carbon nanomaterials for energy storage and conversion applications are provided. This review will provide some guidance for future derivations of 1D hollow carbon nanomaterials from MOFs using electrospinning technology

Metal–organic frameworks and their derived materials: emerging catalysts for a sulfate radicals‐based advanced oxidation process in water purification

With the ever-growing environmental issues, sulfate radical (SO )-based advanced oxidation processes (SR-AOPs) have been attracting widespread attention due to their high selectivity and oxidative potential in water purification. Among various methods generating SO , employing heterogeneous catalysts for activation of peroxymonosulfate or persulfate has been demonstrated as an effective strategy. Therefore, the future advances of SR-AOPs depend on the development of adequate catalysts with high activity and stability. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) with large surface area, ultrahigh porosity, and diversity of material design have been extensively used in heterogeneous catalysts, and more recently, enormous effort has been made to utilize MOFs-based materials for SR-AOPs applications. In this work, the state-of-the-art research on pristine MOFs, MOFs composites, and their derivatives, such as oxides, metal/carbon hybrids, and carbon materials for SR-AOPs, is summarized. The mechanisms, including radical and nonradical pathways, are also detailed in the discussion. This work will hopefully promote the future development of MOFs-based materials toward SR-AOPs applications

A general approach to shaped MOF‐containing aerogels toward practical water treatment application

Porous materials are widely studied for water purification and treatment as they can function as efficient adsorbents for harmful chemical wastes with their high specific surface areas. Among various types of porous materials, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have emerged as promising adsorbents for organic pollutants although the general powder form of MOFs largely limits their recyclability in practical applications. Herein, highly crystalline MOF particles are incorporated into agarose (AG) to fabricate highly recyclable MOF aerogels. Along with greatly improved recyclability, these MOF aerogels also achieve eco-friendliness and cost-effectiveness because AG is highly abundant in nature and can be easily modified. Typically, MOF aerogels are synthesized by uniformly dispersing MOF particles into the AG solution. The resulting MOF aerogels show significantly improved efficiency for dye adsorption. It is believed that this fabrication method for the preparation of MOF aerogels is highly versatile and it can be extended to other types of MOFs for different applications including environmental remediation, energy storage and conversion, and sensing