Émancipation spatiale VS Aliénation territoriale. Une controverse de nos sociétés mobiles mais immobiles

National audienceRésumé disponible sur le lien suivant : http://www.groupe-dupont.org/ColloqueGeopoint/Geopoint14/Documents/GP14_PropositionsDebat_Web/GP14-A3-2-Lima-Benos.pd

Crise de l'Etat et territoires de la crise au Mali

ISSN 1963-1197 Texte intégral à l'adresse : http://echogeo.revues.org/13374Cet article porte sur les dimensions territoriales de la crise sociopolitique et territoriale que traverse le Mali depuis le coup d'état militaire intervenu en mars 2012. L'actualité malienne est dominée par une crise sans précédent dans l'histoire du pays, profonde et complexe. Malgré une décentralisation innovante, les tensions récurrentes, dont les origines remontent à la colonisation, entre les sociétés locales et le pouvoir central persistent dans ce pays qui était pourtant devenu ces vingt dernières années " un bon élève " de la démocratisation. L'objectif de cet article est de reconsidérer la relation entre pouvoir et territoire, au prisme des découpages successifs du territoire national. Comment expliquer l'éclatement interne du pays et la mise à mal de l'unité nationale ? Quelles sont les raison pour lesquelles l'État s'est effondré sur lui-même

LES TERRITOIRES, ACTEURS EMERGENTS DU DEVELOPPEMENT AGRICOLE PERIURBAIN ? REPRESENTATIONS DE L'ACTIVITE AGRICOLE DANS LES PROJETS DE TERRITOIRES PERIURBAINS

N° ISBN - 978-2-7380-1284-5International audienceThis paper results from an on-going research on the interconnections between rural development processes and farming development in the South of France. (Haute-Garonne and Tarn departments). We elaborate a tool to classify the links between farming and territorial development in territorial projects, according to two geographical theories of territoriality. We have analysed the representations of farming in three sample “Pays” (cross-municipality structures with participatory local development attributions, plus, in some cases, land planning attributions) in the vicinity of Toulouse, the 4th largest city in France. These territories share the same twofold feature: a deep and increasing intertwining of urban development and rural land uses, and the preservation of their rural character as an identity label. In each case, we have examined the local territory project and operation documentation, and conducted interviews with the major actors in territorial planning and farming development institutions in the area. This research leads to a comparative assessment of the underlying creative thinking in each territorial project, and more particularly how farming activities and land use are included in the different territorial projects

Valuation of Plastic Waste as Fine Aggregate in Concrete Pavers

Polymers are manufactured in large scale; however, their recycling does not reach large proportions in countries like Brazil. This material can be incorporated into products used in civil construction, as this sector has been standing out in the use of waste, reducing the consumption of natural resources. The purpose of this study was to evaluate substitution of natural aggregate by plastic waste in pavers to decrease the amount of waste in landfills. Dimensional evaluation, water absorption tests, compressive strength and abrasion strength were carried out. According to analyses carried out, the pavers with plastic did not reach values for the compression required in Brazilian norms, however, it is suggested that the strength found is suitable for walkways. In addition, the environmental advantages of using plastic as a fine aggregate in the pavers was evaluated.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Crise de l’État et territoires de la crise au Mali

Cet article porte sur les dimensions territoriales de la crise sociopolitique et territoriale que traverse le Mali depuis le coup d’état militaire intervenu en mars 2012. L’actualité malienne est dominée par une crise sans précédent dans l’histoire du pays, profonde et complexe. Malgré une décentralisation innovante, les tensions récurrentes, dont les origines remontent à la colonisation, entre les sociétés locales et le pouvoir central persistent dans ce pays qui était pourtant devenu ces vingt dernières années « un bon élève » de la démocratisation. L’objectif de ce texte est de reconsidérer la relation entre pouvoir et territoire, au prisme des découpages successifs du territoire national. Comment expliquer l’éclatement interne du pays et la mise à mal de l’unité nationale ? Quelles sont les raison pour lesquelles l’État s’est effondré sur lui-même ?This article focuses on the territorial dimensions of the socio-political and territorial crisis in Mali since the military coup took place in March 2012. Mali's news is dominated by an unprecedented crisis in the country's history, deep and complex. Despite innovative decentralization, recurrent tensions, whose origins date back to colonization between local societies and the central government persist in this country though it was now the last twenty years a "good student" of democratization. The objective of this paper is to reconsider the relationship between power and territory, through the prism of successive divisions of the national territory. How to explain the collapse of the country house and the undermining of national unity? What are the reason why the state has collapsed on itself

Análise da capacidade de infiltração de água dos solos ao longo da encosta na sub-bacia do riacho do tigre - PB

Normally, the northeastern semiarid is seen as a dry region, which offers low conditions of life to the population. However, despite the semiarid climate and the rain scarcity, there is a heterogeneity of landscapes or environments within the northeastern semiarid, which is distinguished by natural characteristics of relief, altitude and land use and occupation. These characteristics require more detailed studies and environmental management, to be treated according to their real environmental potentialities. The study area corresponds to Riacho do Tigre hydrographic Sub – Basin, which is located in the municipality of São João do Tigre – PB, geographically limited by coordinates 08º 04 '45 "S and 36º 50' 52 W, has an area of 816,116 km² (IBGE - Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics). The objective of this work was to evaluate the physical capacity of soils, in order to understand the potential of the soils found in the study area, and how the results of this analysis can be applied to the zoning. The methodologies used to the execution of the work are part proposed by IBGE and EMBRAPA in the respective Manual of Pedology and Brazilian Soil Classification System. Another part of the methodology is proposed by Ruiz (2006). Besides the field activities for data collection, informations were acquired through remote sensing. After the analysis and results unions, the profiles that presented the Cambissolos indicated better hydraulic conductivity in relation to the Neossolos, however, the difference of capacity was minimal between them. All the classifications found were identified according to the literature. According to the results obtained, the texture and porosity were considered as the main conditioning factors of the soil infiltration capacity.Normalmente, o semiárido nordestino é visto como uma região seca, que oferece baixas condições de vida à população. Contudo, apesar do clima semiárido e a escassez de chuvas, há uma heterogeneidade de paisagens ou ambientes dentro do semiárido nordestino, que se distingue pelas características naturais do relevo, altitude e uso e ocupação do solo. Essas características necessitam de estudos mais detalhados e gestão ambiental, para que sejam tratadas conforme suas potencialidades ambientais reais. A área de estudo corresponde a Sub - Bacia hidrográfica do Riacho do Tigre que está localizada no município de São João do Tigre-PB, limitado geograficamente pelas coordenadas 08º 04' 45" S e 36º 50' 52 O, possui uma área de 816,116 km² (IBGE– Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística. O presente trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar a capacidade física dos solos, para assim compreender quais são os potenciais dos solos encontrados na área em estudo, e como os resultados desta análise podem ser aplicados ao zoneamento. As metodologias utilizadas para a execução do trabalho são parte propostas pelo IBGE e pela EMBRAPA nos respectivos Manual Técnico de Pedologia e Sistema Brasileiro de Classificação de Solos. Uma outra parte da metodologia é proposta pelo Prof. Dr. Ruiz, da Universidade Federal de Viçosa – MG. Além das atividades de campo para coleta de dados, foi feito o levantamento de informações através de sensoriamento remoto. Após as análises e uniões de resultados, os perfis que apresentaram os Cambissolos indicaram melhor condutividade hidráulica em relação aos Neossolos, entretanto, a diferença de capacidade foi mínima entre eles. Todas as classificações encontradas foram identificadas de acordo com a literatura. Vistos os resultados obtidos, a textura e porosidade foram tidos como os principais fatores condicionantes da capacidade de infiltração dos solos

Universo Quebradeiras

Palm forests, or babaçuais, designate geographical areas with large incidenceof the babassu palm trees. This palm tree, from the botanical family Arecaceae,is native to Brazil, and can be found in several Latin American countries. InBrazil, babassu palm trees are present in 11 states (mainly in the states ofMaranhão, Piauí, Tocantins and Pará) thus covering a territory of 13 to 18million hectares . An anthropic forest par excellence, babassu palm trees tendto occupy areas which have been previously deforested by slash and burnclearing. Proliferation of the babassu is fast, as it can become a closed forestwithin a few years. Babassu extractivism is a traditional activity in Brazil due toits widespread coverage and countless uses in rural life, as well as the strongsocial and political mobilization in favor of free access to babassu forests.“Mata de cocais”, ou “babaçuais”, denominam as áreas geográficas com grande incidência das palmeiras de babaçu. Esta palmeira, da família botânica Arecaceae, é nativa do Brasil e ocorre em diversos países da América Latina. No Brasil, encontra-se em 11 estados, cobrindo 13 a 18 milhões de hectares , destacando-se em povoamento os estados do Maranhão, Piauí, Tocantins e Pará. Floresta antrópica por excelência, as palmeiras de babaçu ocupam áreas desmatadas, principalmente por queimadas. Prolifera-se com facilidade, formando em poucos anos uma mata fechada

Detalhamento das classes solos da Bacia hidrográfica do Riacho do Tigre

Este trabalho teve por objetivo contribuir para o aumento na precisão do mapeamento de solos com o detalhamento de escala. A área de estudo corresponde a Bacia do Riacho Tigre que está localizada no município de São João do Tigre-PB. Para o desenvolvimento da metodologia foi elaborado e analisados mapas temáticos sobre os aspectos físicos da bacia, utilizando o software Arcmap 10.3. Inicialmente foi criado o mapa das classes de solos predominantes na Bacia, com utilização de dados da IDEME-PB. Por tanto foi constatado 3 classes de solos e 9 unidades de mapeamento. Na sequência foi definido o Modelo Digital de Elevação da área a partir de imagens SRTM, do Brasil em Relevo. A partir da analise do mapeamento das classes de solos da Bacia Riacho do Jucurutu que ocupa uma grande área do município de São João do Tigre, constatou-se três classes de solos, que são: Neossolos Litolicos, Neossolo Regolitico e Luvissolo

Cardiorespiratory Responses of Post-Menopausal Women to Different Water Exercises

The aim of the current study is to analyze and compare oxygen uptake (VO2) and heart rate (HR) in different water exercises. Eight postmenopausal women participated in a set of 4 sessions in water. Eight different exercises were randomly coupled for the 4 sessions. Each exercise was executed at a rate of 60 beats/min for 4 minutes with rest intervals of 30 min. A repeated-measures ANOVA and Bonferroni’s post hoc test were used to test for statistical differences at α \u3c .05. Significant differences were seen in HR and VO2 between some pairs of the 8 exercises. These results suggest that water-exercises classes should be prescribed based on percentages of maximal HR or VO2, not on a fixed cadence, because different exercises correspond to different percentages of maximal effort