Yeast biodiversity in the vineyards of the Azores Archipelago (Portugal)

This study aims to identify the fermentative yeasts communities of the vineyards from the mid-Atlantic islands ecosystems of the Azores Archipelago and to evaluate whether the populations vary according to the islands geography, grape variety and type of vineyard. From an ecological point of view, vineyards of these isolated volcanic islands terroirs correspond to very particular ecosystems, whose yeast flora is completely unknown. During the harvests of 2009 and 2010, 88 and 75 grape samples were collected from eight islands of the archipelago, respectively. They were obtained from traditional grape varieties (Arinto, Verdelho and Terrantez) and hybrid varieties. The sampling plan covered 36 locations, including vineyards in appellations of origin and vineyards that were abandoned for at least 5 years. A total of 4890 yeast isolates was obtained from the crushed grapes. Species identification was performed by restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis (RFLP) and sequencing of ITS regions. Twenty-seven yeast species were identified, being Hanseniaspora uvarum, Issatchenkia terricola, Candida zemplinina and Metschnikowia pulcherrima the most representative ones. Three putative new species were also found. In 2009, differences in the microflora composition were apparent between islands, grape varieties and type of vineyard. A high percentage of C. zemplinina differentiated the yeast microflora of the eastern islands Santa Maria and São Miguel (25% and 36%, respectively). The species M. pulcherrima appeared associated with the traditional grape varieties (20% and 2% in traditional and hybrid varieties, respectively). H. uvarum was found in higher proportions in abandoned vineyards (53% and 43% in abandoned and non-abandoned vineyards, respectively). In the following sampling year, characterized by unfavorable climatic conditions and very low grape production, the yeast species richness decreased considerably from 25 species in 2009 to 14 species in 2010 and H. uvarum represented 86% of the total isolates, 40% more than in the previous year.João Drumonde-Neves is recipient of a fellowship supported by the program PRO-EMPREGO and the Azores Government. This study was financially supported by FP7 (nº 232454). Financial support was also obtained from FEDER funds through the program COMPETE and by national funds through FCT by the project FCOMP-01-0124-008775

Active learning in engineering education: a (re)introduction

The informal network ‘Active Learning in Engineering Education’ (ALE) has been promoting Active Learning since 2001. ALE creates opportunity for practitioners and researchers of engineering education to collaboratively learn how to foster learning of engineering students. The activities in ALE are centred on the vision that learners construct their knowledge based on meaningful activities and knowledge. In 2014, the steering committee of the ALE network reinforced the need to discuss the meaning of Active Learning and that was the base for this proposal for a special issue. More than 40 submissions were reviewed by the European Journal of Engineering Education community and this theme issue ended up with eight contributions, which are different both in their research and Active Learning approaches. These different Active Learning approaches are aligned with the different approaches that can be increasingly found in indexed journals.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Biogeographical survey and characterization of indigenous yeasts from the vineyards of the azores archipelago

This study aims at the characterization of the fermentative yeasts flora of the vineyards from Azores, for biodiversity preservation and the constitution of a Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain collection. During the harvest of 2009, 88 grape samples were collected from eight islands of the archipelago, that belonged to traditional (Arinto, Verdelho and Terrantez) and hybrid grape varieties. The sampling plan covered 36 locations, including vineyards in appellations of origin and abandoned vineyards. Forty nine spontaneous fermentations were achieved. About 83% of the musts obtained from traditional varieties finished fermentation, while this value was 47% and 33% for musts from hybrid varieties in non-abandoned and abandoned vineyards, respectively. From the final phase of the fermentations, a total of 1470 isolates was obtained. The identification was performed by restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis (RFLP) of ITS sequences. The S. cerevisiae strains were differentiated by the comparison of polymorphic patterns that were obtained from interdelta sequences amplification by PCR. We obtained 660 isolates of non-Saccharomyces species and 810 isolates of S. cerevisiae, classified in 168 strains. Surprisingly, the percentage of S. cerevisiae in fermentations performed with grapes from abandoned vineyards was significantly higher (75%) compared to the values determined for non-abandoned vineyards (56%, for both traditional and hybrid varieties). Contrarily, the number of S. cerevisiae strains per fermentation was lower (3-11) in samples from abandoned vineyards compared to non-abandoned vineyards (1-23). The relative proportion of S. cerevisiae and non-Saccharomyces species was not associated with the grape variety, but rather the type of vineyard. The highest number of S. cerevisiae strains per fermentation was observed in samples collected from the Graciosa Island. Our results show that Azorean vineyards have a high genetic diversity of S. cerevisiae, even in locations where no human intervention occurs.Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT) - Programa Operacional Ciência e Inovação POCI2010 , POCI/AGR/56102/2004), PTDC(AGR-ALI/103392/2008)Direcção Regional da Ciência e Tecnologia -Açores (DRCT

Phenotypic differentiation and genetic diversity of Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains from vineyards of the Azores Archipelago

This work aims to evaluate diversity of Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains from vineyards of the Azores Archipelago and to estimate the degree of phenotypic and genetic differentiation among geographically isolated islands. During two consecutive years, 163 grape musts were obtained from grape samples collected in eight islands of the Archipelago, that belonged to traditional (Arinto, Verdelho and Terrantez) and hybrid grape varieties. The sampling plan included vineyards in appellations of origin and abandoned vineyards. Ninety-four spontaneous fermentations were achieved. From the final fermentative stages, 2670 yeast isolates were obtained. The species identification was performed by restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis (RFLP) and sequencing of ITS regions. S. cerevisiae strains delimitation was performed by interdelta sequences analysis. S. cerevisiae strains were phenotypically evaluated regarding the combined resistance to ethanol/SO2, ß-glucosidade activity, H2S production and the killer/sensitive phenotype. From all isolates collected, 22.2% belonged to non-Saccharomyces species and 77.8% to S. cerevisiae, which were classified in 284 strains. We found phenotypic variations among strains according to their origin (islands, grape variety or vineyard management). Fifty percent of S. cerevisiae isolates from Graciosa, the island with the largest area of contiguous vineyards, showed killer activity, whereas this value was considerably lower in the other six islands (0 – 12 %). On this island we also found a high genetic diversity, since the average number of S. cerevisiae strains per fermentation was of 6.4 and 6.7 on the islands Graciosa and Santa Maria, respectively. Lower values (ranging between 1.2 and 4.9) were observed in each of the other five islands. On each island of the Azores Archipelago, S. cerevisiae isolates from abandoned vineyards tended to be less resistant to SO2 (100 ppm) in comparison with strains obtained from cultivated vineyards. Sequencing of genetically most distinctive strains is currently underway.João Drumonde-Neves is recipient of a fellowship supported by the program PRO-EMPREGO and the Azores Government. This study was financially supported by FP7 (nº 232454). Financial support was also obtained from FEDER funds through the program COMPETE and by national funds through FCT by the project FCOMP-01-0124-008775

Biogeographical survey of indigenous yeasts from the vineyards of the Azores Archipelago

This study aims at the characterization of the fermentative yeasts flora of the vineyards of the Azores islands, for biodiversity preservation and the constitution of a Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain collection as a genetic resource for future strain selection and improvement. During the harvest of 2009, 88 grape samples were collected from eight islands of the archipelago that belonged to traditional (Arinto, Verdelho and Terrantez) and hybrid (“American”) grape varieties. The sampling plan covered 36 locations, including vineyards in appellations of origin and vineyards that were abandoned for more than 5 years. Forty nine spontaneous fermentations were achieved from the musts of 88 grape samples. About 83% of the musts obtained from grapes of traditional varieties finished fermentation, while this value was 47% and 33% for musts from hybrid varieties in non-abandoned and abandoned vineyards, respectively. From the final phase of each fermentation, 30 isolates were obtained, resulting in a total of 1470 isolates. The molecular identification was performed by restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis (RFLP) of ITS sequences. The S. cerevisiae strains were differentiated by the comparison of polymorphic patterns that were obtained from interdelta sequences amplification. Six hundred and sixty isolates of non-Saccharomyces species and 810 isolates of S. cerevisiae were obtained, which were classified in 168 strains. Surprisingly, the percentage of S. cerevisiae in fermentations performed with grapes from abandoned vineyards was significantly higher (75%) compared to the values determined for non-abandoned vineyards (56%, for both traditional and hybrid varieties). Contrarily, the number of S. cerevisiae strains per fermentation was lower (3-11 strains) in samples collected from abandoned vineyards compared to non-abandoned vineyards (1-23 strains). The relative proportion of S. cerevisiae and non-Saccharomyces species was not associeated with the grape variety, but rather the type of vineyard. The highest number of S. cerevisiae strains per fermentation was observed in samples collected from the Graciosa Island. Our results show that the vineyards on the Azores Islands have a high genetic diversity of S. cerevsiae, whereas this species can also be found in vineyards with no human intervention.Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT) - Programa Operacional Ciência e Inovação POCI2010 , POCI/AGR/56102/2004), PTDC(AGR-ALI/103392/2008)Direcção Regional da Ciência e Tecnologia - Açores (DRCT

Reinventar o turismo rural em Portugal: cocriação de experiências turísticas sustentáveis

Sem resumo

Mangrove oyster (Crassostrea rhizophorae) (Guilding, 1928) farming areas as artificial reefs for fish: A case study in the State of Ceará, Brazil

Um tipo de plataforma, conhecido como mesas, estão sendo utilizadas para o cultivo de ostras. Em Fortim, Ceará, este cultivo teve início em junho de 2000 e abrange uma área total de 50m² sobre um substrato argilo-arenoso. A presente pesquisa tem como objetivo identificar e catalogar a ictiofauna colonizadora das mesas de cultivo de ostras do mangue (Crassostrea rhizophorae), avaliar aspectos ecológicos tais como as possíveis correlações de parâmetros físico-químicos da água com a ocorrência da ictiofauna, além de observar as diferenças na composição da mesma durante as variações de marés. Os exemplares foram identificados visualmente e quantificados empregando-se a técnica de censo visual por transecto de faixa. A ictiofauna avistada compreendeu 3.030 indivíduos pertencentes 28 espécies e 20 famílias. Das 28 espécies encontradas na área estudada, 14 são marinhas visitantes, 12 marinhas dependentes e apenas duas aparecem como residentes. Apenas 11 espécies apresentaram correlação com os parâmetros físico-químicos estudados. Com base nestes resultados, pode-se afirmar que as estruturas de cultivo da ostra do mangue funcionam como um recife artificial para a ictiofauna, sendo colonizadas por, no mínimo, 28 espécies de peixes, podendo fornecer abrigo, proteção contra predadores, alimento e área de reprodução.A type of platform, known as a table, is now being used for mangrove oyster farming. In Fortim, Ceará, Brazil, this activity was begun in June 2000 and covers an area of 50 m² overlying a sand-clay substrate. The present study has the following main objectives: to identify and catalogue the ichthyofauna colonizing the Crassostrea rhizophorae farming platforms; to evaluate ecological aspects, such as the possible correlation between the physical and chemical variables for water quality and the occurrence of the ichthyofauna; and to observe the differences in the fish species found during tidal variations. Specimens were identified and quantified using the linear-transect, visual census methodology. The ichthyofauna observed comprised 3,030 individuals belonging to 28 species and 20 families. Of the 28 species found in the area studied, 14 were marine transients, 12 marine dependent, and only 2 permanent residents. A significant association was observed between the abundance of 11 species and the physical and chemical variables studied. Based on these results, it may be concluded that the platforms act as artificial reefs for the ichthyofauna, being colonized by at least 28 species, and providing protection from predators as well as a source of food and a reproductive substrate

Programa de hipertensão e diabetes: um projeto de intervenção para a atenção à saúde do idoso

TCC(especialização) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina. Centro de Ciências da Saúde. Programa de Pós-graduação em Enfermagem. Linhas de Cuidado em Doenças Crônicas Não TransmissíveisObjetivo: capacitar as equipes de saúde da família sobre o Programa de HIPERDIA das Unidades de Saúde da Família do Município de São Lourenço da Mata – PE. Metodologia: Trata - se de um Projeto de Intervenção com ênfase educacional para as USF cadastradas como Ponto de Telessaúde, a fim de fortalecer as ações desenvolvidas para o público de Hipertensos e Diabéticos. As atividades educacionais serão desenvolvidas de forma direta – para os profissionais de saúde destas USF e de forma indireta – pelas atividades de educação em saúde realizadas pelos profissio nais para os usuários de saúde. A população Alvo serão todos os profissionais da Estratégia Saúde da Família, além dos usuários e seus familiares. Viabilidade: Para execução deste projeto o Núcleo de Telessáude apoiará com os recursos humanos e tecnológicos para promover os Seminários por Webconferência, enquanto a equipe da Secretaria Municipal de Saúde de São Lourenço da Mata fornecerá informações necessárias sobre o HIPERDIA. Resultados esperados: capacitar no mínimo 80% dos profissionais da Saúde da Família – pontos de telessaúde; a umentar em 60% as atividades de Educação em Saúde sobre hipertensão e diabetes; a umentar em 60% a taxa de adesão dos pacientes hipertensos e diabéticos às consultas de acompanhamento ao Programa do HIPERDIA; reduzir em 50% as intercorrências do grupo de pacientes hipertensos e diabéticos do Município de São Lourenço da Mata

O ACESSO E A PERMANÊNCIA DE ESTUDANTES TRANSEXUAIS E TRAVESTIS NA UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE MATO GROSSO DO SUL

The article aims to present and discuss the aspects that interfere with the access and permanence of transsexual and transvestite students at UFMS, Campo Grande campus, based on data obtained through semi-structured interviews, whose questions refer to identification data, profile socioeconomic status, schooling, and access to and permanence in the university. The results show that it is up to the institution to have practices for the dissemination of Resolution n° 41, which guarantees the use of the corporate name since not all people recognize and consolidate the exercise of this right.  El artículo tiene como objetivo presentar y discutir los aspectos que interfieren en el acceso y la permanencia de los estudiantes transexuales y travestis en la UFMS, campus Campo Grande, a partir de datos obtenidos a través de entrevistas semiestructuradas, cuyas preguntas se refieren a datos de identificación, perfil, nivel socioeconómico, escolaridad y el acceso y permanencia en la universidad. Los resultados muestran que corresponde a la institución contar con prácticas para la difusión de la Resolución n.º 41, que garantiza el uso de la razón social, ya que no todas las personas reconocen y consolidan el ejercicio de este derecho.  O artigo tem por objetivo apresentar e discutir os aspectos que interferem no acesso e permanência de estudantes transexuais e travestis da UFMS, campus Campo Grande, a partir dos dados obtidos por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas, cujas questões são referentes a dados de identificação, perfil socioeconômico, escolaridade e acesso e permanência na universidade. Os principais referenciais teóricos utilizados foram Maciel (2020), Ristoff (2014), Grusky (2001) e Munanga e Gomes (2006). Por fim, os resultados evidenciam que cabe à instituição dispor de práticas para divulgação da Resolução nº 41, que garante o uso do nome social, uma vez que nem todas as pessoas reconhecem e consolidam o exercício desse direito.