From Traditional Bulgarian Dairy Products to Functional Foods

Production of the traditional yoghurt, white-brined cheese, and yellow cheese, named “kashkaval”, in the Bulgarian region determines everyday consumption and health benefits for the local population. Аrtisanal dairy products and their autochthonous microbiota are a promising source for the research and creation of new minimally treated, but safe, functional and delicious food. The species from Lactobacillaceae are used in different fermentation technologies, improving the structure, taste, and aroma of the final products. These products possess a prolonged shelf life due to the biopreservative capabilities of the lactic acid bacteria (LAB) strains, their positive health impact, and many physiological functions in the body. This chapter examines the traditional and modern technologies for the production of typical Bulgarian dairy products. Based on the studies of artisanal products, different LAB species from non-starter microbiota are presented, which contribute to the organoleptic qualities of the products and their beneficial properties. The research focus is aimed at the evaluation of various functional characteristics of non-starter strains, such as metabolic activity and food biopreservation. The long-term goal is to study the tradition to create new functional formulas that are the desired and effective factors for health and longevity

Antimicrobial geopolymer paints based on modified natural zeolite

Many antimicrobial coatings deliver a peak release of antimicrobial agent at an early age, after which they lost antimicrobial activity over time. In the present study a novel geopolymer paints with long term antimicrobial activity were developed based on natural zeolite modified with silver and copper ions. The obtained geopolymer paints were applied by brushing on concrete, ceramic, gypsum paperboard and steel. The coating was characterized by excellent adhesive strength and hiding properties. The long-term antimicrobial effect was evaluated by accelerated aging in carbonation chamber. Microstructural changes were analyzed by powder X-ray diffraction and Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy. Cytotoxicity, antibacterial, antifungal and virucidal properties were investigated on raw and carbonated geopolymer paints. Geopolymer paints based on modified natural zeolite seems promising antimicrobial coating material that can be implemented in the global fight against the spread of diseases and pathogens