Energy-efficient hardware architecture and vlsi implementation of a polyphase channelizer with applications to subband adaptive filtering

Abstract Polyphase channelizer is an important component of subband adaptive filtering systems. This paper presents an energy-efficient hardware architecture and VLSI implementation of polyphase channelizer, integrating algorithmic, architectural and circuit level design techniques. At algorithm level, low complexity polyphase channelizer architecture is derived using multirate signal processing approach. To reduce the computational complexity in polyphase filters, computation sharing differential coefficient (CSDC) method is effectively used as an architectural level technique. The main idea of CSDC is to combine the strength of augmented differential coefficient method and subexpression sharing. Efficient circuitlevel techniques: low power commutator implementation, dual-VDD scheme and novel level-converting flip-flop (LCFF), are also used to further reduce the power dissipation. The proposed polyphase channelizer consumes 352 mW power with throughput of 480 million samples per second (MSPS). A test chip has been fabricated in 0.18 μm CMOS technology and its functionality is verified. Chip measurement results show that the dual-VDD implementation achieves a total power saving of 2.7 X

Women with endometriosis have higher comorbidities: Analysis of domestic data in Taiwan

AbstractEndometriosis, defined by the presence of viable extrauterine endometrial glands and stroma, can grow or bleed cyclically, and possesses characteristics including a destructive, invasive, and metastatic nature. Since endometriosis may result in pelvic inflammation, adhesion, chronic pain, and infertility, and can progress to biologically malignant tumors, it is a long-term major health issue in women of reproductive age. In this review, we analyze the Taiwan domestic research addressing associations between endometriosis and other diseases. Concerning malignant tumors, we identified four studies on the links between endometriosis and ovarian cancer, one on breast cancer, two on endometrial cancer, one on colorectal cancer, and one on other malignancies, as well as one on associations between endometriosis and irritable bowel syndrome, one on links with migraine headache, three on links with pelvic inflammatory diseases, four on links with infertility, four on links with obesity, four on links with chronic liver disease, four on links with rheumatoid arthritis, four on links with chronic renal disease, five on links with diabetes mellitus, and five on links with cardiovascular diseases (hypertension, hyperlipidemia, etc.). The data available to date support that women with endometriosis might be at risk of some chronic illnesses and certain malignancies, although we consider the evidence for some comorbidities to be of low quality, for example, the association between colon cancer and adenomyosis/endometriosis. We still believe that the risk of comorbidity might be higher in women with endometriosis than that we supposed before. More research is needed to determine whether women with endometriosis are really at risk of these comorbidities

Synthesis of application-specific multi-mode systems for low -power applications

This thesis studies the design of an architectural platform for realizing a set of selected applications into a single system sharing hardware resources while being power efficient. We refer the resultant systems as a Multi-Mode (MM) system since it can be configured to operate in multiple modes or configurations. We start our study with the switching activity model and estimation technique for components under resource sharing. The first phase of study aims to gain a basic understanding of the impact of resource sharing on power consumption. We then present scheduling and allocation algorithms based on the switching activity of a resource with and without sharing. We show that the algorithms effectively reduce datapath switching power under resource and timing constraints. Finally, we present a design methodology that addresses the synthesis issues of MM systems, and study how the MM systems can better meet the power dissipation, performance and flexibility requirements. Results demonstrate that MM systems can achieve more than an order of magnitude improvement in power over FPGAs with a fraction of power overhead over single-mode designs. Easy and fast reconfiguration coupled with efficiency in terms of area and power consumption makes the MM system a viable solution for future mobile applications

Methodology for developing virtual platforms from power-aware to power- and thermal-aware at electronic system level

With the growth of complex multiprocessor system-on-chip design and the evolution of process technology, it is crucial to address thermal issues owing to the high-power density of chips. Electronic system level (ESL) design is an acknowledged effective methodology to explore system design by virtual platforms (VPs) at the early stages of integrated circuit (IC) design. Therefore, power- and thermal-aware (PTA) VPs at the ESL are required to explore the thermal issues at the early stages of IC design. Current VPs at the ESL are less discussed in the thermal issues. Therefore, the authors propose a methodology to easily develop VPs from power awareness to power and thermal awareness. In the methodology, a refined thermal engine that has lower computational complexity is proposed to analyse the heat of ICs, and it has high compatibility for integration with power-aware (PA) VPs. In addition, the thermal analysis in the methodology considers the thermal effects of leakage power consumption to reflect the physical temperature of ICs. Thus, system designers can utilise the proposed methodology to easily develop their PA VPs into PTA VPs