786 research outputs found
Topological current of point defects and its bifurcation
From the topological properties of a three dimensional vector order
parameter, the topological current of point defects is obtained. One shows that
the charge of point defects is determined by Hopf indices and Brouwer degrees.
The evolution of point defects is also studied. One concludes that there exist
crucial cases of branch processes in the evolution of point defects when the
Jacobian .Comment: revtex,14 pages,no figur
Phase-matched locally chiral light for global control of chiral light-matter interaction
Locally chiral light is an emerging tool for probing and controlling
molecular chirality. It can generate large and freely adjustable
enantioselectivities in purely electric-dipole effects, offering its major
advantages over traditional chiral light. However, the existing types of
locally chiral light are phase-mismatched, and thus the global efficiencies are
greatly reduced compared with the maximum single-point efficiencies or even
vanish. Here, we propose a scheme to generate phase-matched locally chiral
light. To confirm this advantage, we numerically show the robust highly
efficient global control of enantiospecific electronic state transfer of
methyloxirane at nanoseconds. Our work potentially constitutes the starting
point for developing more efficient chiroptical techniques for the studies of
chiral molecules.Comment: 5 pages, 3figures, 1 supplment documen
R-curve behaviour of the mixed-mode I/II delamination in carbon/epoxy laminates with unidirectional and multidirectional interfaces
Community Built Environment and Multilevel Social Determinants of Obesity: Evidence from China Health and Nutrition Survey
The prevalence of overweight and obesity is highest in wealthy countries like the United States, but is rapidly increasing in less developed countries. From 1992 to 2002, China had an increase from 14.6% to 21.8% in overweight and obesity. Social determinants of obesity in developing countries remain poorly understood. Further, these associations may vary by community built environment (BE) of developing countries
Involvement of YAP and LATS1 in lung development in a rat model of nitrofen-induced congenital diaphragmatic hernia
Purpose: To investigate the role of Hippo pathway in lung development in congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH).
Methods: One oral dose of nitrofen was maternally administered for induction of CDH on embryonic day 9.5 (E 9.5). Sildenafil was administered intragastrically at a dose of 100 mg/kg on E 11.5. Three rat groups were used: control, CDH, and CDH + sildenafil. Cesarean section was used for fetal delivery on E 21.5. Fetuses with left diaphragmatic hernia (except in control rats) were chosen for investigations. Fetal body weight and weight of lung tissue were recorded, and lung histological evaluation, western blot and PCR were carried out after lung processing.
Results: There was markedly higher expression of YAP in CDH rats than in control rats was unaffected by antenatal sildenafil administration (p < 0.05). However, prenatal sildenafil intervention significantly increased LATS1 expression in the lung of CDH fetuses (p < 0.05).
Conclusion: These results indicate that increased pulmonary YAP expression in CDH rat model might contribute to pulmonary vascular remodeling and suppression of lung development. Thus, antenatal sildenafil administration not only mitigates abnormal vascular remodeling but also promotes lung development, most likely via increased expression of LATS1.
Keywords: Congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH), Hippo pathway, Lung development, Sildenafi
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