Conception and practice of resource utilization, energization and functionalization of coal mining subsidence areas with high groundwater level

Underground coal mining often leads to surface subsidence and water accumulation, changes in the ecological environment, as well as in the spatial pattern of land and water resources, in high groundwater level mining areas. At present, in coal mining subsidence areas, the utilization of water resources is insufficient, and the potential for development in renewable energy, multi energy complementarity, and pumped storage in abandoned mine is huge. The spatial functions of coal mining subsidence areas need to be reconstructed. Under this background, the concept of resource utilization, energization and functionalization was proposed. The relevant scientific issues and key technologies were systematically elaborated. The former comprises the evolution laws of water resources and water ecological environment as well as the residual deformation laws of the surface in coal mining subsidence areas. The latter includes the technology of monitoring and evaluation together with the technology of treatment and utilization. And specific policy recommendations were proposed from aspects such as industrial integration, fund raising, regional coordination, and technological innovation

Sex differences in the combined influence of inflammation and nutrition status on depressive symptoms: insights from NHANES

BackgroundBoth nutrition and inflammation are associated with depression, but previous studies have focused on individual factors. Here, we assessed the association between composite indices of nutrition and inflammation and depression.MethodsAdult participants selected from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) between 2005 and 2018 were chosen. The exposure variable was the Advanced Lung Cancer Inflammation Index (ALI) integrating nutrition and inflammation, categorized into low, medium, and high groups. The outcome variable was depression assessed using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). A multivariable logistic regression model was employed to evaluate the relationship between ALI and the risk of depression.ResultsAfter extensive adjustment for covariates, in the overall population, participants with moderate and high levels of ALI had a decreased prevalence of depression compared to those with low ALI levels, with reductions of 17% (OR, 0.83; 95% CI: 0.72–0.97) and 23% (OR, 0.77; 95% CI: 0.66–0.91), respectively. Among females, participants with moderate and high ALI levels had a decreased prevalence of depression by 27% (OR, 0.73; 95% CI: 0.60–0.88) and 21% (OR, 0.79; 95% CI: 0.64–0.98), respectively, compared to those with low ALI levels, whereas no significant association was observed among males. Subgroup analyses based on females and males yielded consistent results.ConclusionIn this study, we observed a negative correlation between moderate to high levels of ALI and the prevalence of depression, along with gender differences. Specifically, in females, greater attention should be given to the nutritional and inflammatory status

Association between high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and type 2 diabetes mellitus: dual evidence from NHANES database and Mendelian randomization analysis

BackgroundLow levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) are commonly seen in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, it is unclear whether there is an independent or causal link between HDL-C levels and T2DM. This study aims to address this gap by using the The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database and Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis.Materials and methodsData from the NHANES survey (2007-2018) with 9,420 participants were analyzed using specialized software. Logistic regression models and restricted cubic splines (RCS) were used to assess the relationship between HDL-C and T2DM incidence, while considering covariates. Genetic variants associated with HDL-C and T2DM were obtained from genome-wide association studies (GWAS), and Mendelian randomization (MR) was used to evaluate the causal relationship between HDL-C and T2DM. Various tests were conducted to assess pleiotropy and outliers.ResultsIn the NHANES study, all groups, except the lowest quartile (Q1: 0.28-1.09 mmol/L], showed a significant association between HDL-C levels and reduced T2DM risk (all P < 0.001). After adjusting for covariates, the Q2 [odds ratio (OR) = 0.67, 95% confidence interval (CI): (0.57, 0.79)], Q3 [OR = 0.51, 95% CI: (0.40, 0.65)], and Q4 [OR = 0.29, 95% CI: (0.23, 0.36)] groups exhibited average reductions in T2DM risk of 23%, 49%, and 71%, respectively. In the sensitivity analysis incorporating other lipid levels, the Q4 group still demonstrates a 57% reduction in the risk of T2DM. The impact of HDL-C levels on T2DM varied with age (P for interaction = 0.006). RCS analysis showed a nonlinear decreasing trend in T2DM risk with increasing HDL-C levels (P = 0.003). In the MR analysis, HDL-C levels were also associated with reduced T2DM risk (OR = 0.69, 95% CI = 0.52-0.82; P = 1.41 × 10-13), and there was no evidence of pleiotropy or outliers.ConclusionThis study provides evidence supporting a causal relationship between higher HDL-C levels and reduced T2DM risk. Further research is needed to explore interventions targeting HDL-C levels for reducing T2DM risk

The association between systemic immune-inflammation index and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in adults aged 40 years and above in the United States: a cross-sectional study based on the NHANES 2013–2020

BackgroundInflammation is the core of Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) development. The systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) is a new biomarker of inflammation. However, it is currently unclear what impact SII has on COPD. This study aims to explore the relationship between SII and COPD.MethodsThis study analyzed patients with COPD aged ≥40 years from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) in the United States from 2013 to 2020. Restricted Cubic Spline (RCS) models were employed to investigate the association between Systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) and other inflammatory markers with COPD, including Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) and Platelet-to-Lymphocyte Ratio (PLR). Additionally, a multivariable weighted logistic regression model was utilized to assess the relationship between SII, NLR and PLR with COPD. To assess the predictive values of SII, NLR, and PLR for COPD prevalence, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was conducted. The area under the ROC curve (AUC) was used to represent their predictive values.ResultsA total of 10,364 participants were included in the cross-sectional analysis, of whom 863 were diagnosed with COPD. RCS models observed non-linear relationships between SII, NLR, and PLR levels with COPD risk. As covariates were systematically adjusted, it was found that only SII, whether treated as a continuous variable or a categorical variable, consistently remained positively associated with COPD risk. Additionally, SII (AUC = 0.589) slightly outperformed NLR (AUC = 0.581) and PLR (AUC = 0.539) in predicting COPD prevalence. Subgroup analyses revealed that the association between SII and COPD risk was stable, with no evidence of interaction.ConclusionSII, as a novel inflammatory biomarker, can be utilized to predict the risk of COPD among adults aged 40 and above in the United States, and it demonstrates superiority compared to NLR and PLR. Furthermore, a non-linear association exists between SII and the increased risk of COPD

Study on water loss settlement law of loose aquifer based on distributed optical fiber

Indirect water loss caused by disturbance from coal mining can cause compression of loose layers and surface subsidence, which poses a threat to coal mine safety. To analyze the effects of such non-mining factors on water loss and subsidence of loose aquifers, the study area was divided into seven layers from top to bottom based on existing geological and hydrological data. Using distributed fiber optic monitoring technology, hydrological observation techniques, and soil mechanics experiments, the loose aquifer in the study area was comprehensively observed and the deformation characteristics of each layer under non-mining conditions were analyzed. The weakening law of the deep aquitard was explored, and the relationship between the deformation of the deep aquifer and the water head height of that layer was determined. The results show that: ① continuous compression of the fourth aquifer and its upper part of the aquitard is the main cause of surface subsidence in the study area. The two layers that contribute the most to the deformation of the strata are the fourth and first aquifers, with the latter showing seasonal deformation characteristics. The fourth aquifer exhibits a continuous subsidence trend during the observation period. ② By combining hydrological boreholes, distributed fiber optic and soil mechanics experiments, monitoring of the degree of clay weakening of the target layer was achieved. The clay layer above the fourth aquifer in the study area is weakened by the impact of the groundwater in the fourth aquifer. The degree of weakening is inversely proportional to the burial depth and directly proportional to the permeability of the groundwater, and the weakening of the clay layer will cause compression of the aquitard at the top of the aquifer and exacerbate surface subsidence. ③ The deformation of the fourth aquifer is consistent with the trend of changes in the water head of the fourth aquifer, and the two are linearly related. The observation results are in agreement with the theoretical calculation results, indicating that water loss from the fourth aquifer is the main cause of its compression deformation

The relationship between dietary intake of ω-3 and ω-6 fatty acids and frailty risk in middle-aged and elderly individuals: a cross-sectional study from NHANES

BackgroundFrailty is a complex clinical syndrome characterized by a decline in the functioning of multiple body systems and reduced adaptability to external stressors. Dietary ω-3 fatty acids are considered beneficial dietary nutrients for preventing frailty due to their anti-inflammatory and immune-regulating properties. However, previous research has yielded conflicting results, and the association between ω-6 fatty acids, the ω-6: ω-3 ratio, and frailty remains unclear. This study aims to explore the relationship between these factors using the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database.Materials and methodsSpecialized weighted complex survey design analysis software was employed to analyze data from the 2005–2014 NHANES, which included 12,315 participants. Multivariate logistic regression models and restricted cubic splines (RCS) were utilized to assess the relationship between omega intake and frailty risk in all participants. Additionally, a nomogram model for predicting frailty risk was developed based on risk factors. The reliability of the clinical model was determined by the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, calibration curves, and decision curve analysis (DCA).ResultsIn dietary ω-3 intake, compared to the T1 group (≤1.175 g/d), the T3 group’s intake level (>2.050 g/d) was associated with approximately 17% reduction in frailty risk in model 3, after rigorous covariate adjustments (odds ratio (OR) = 0.83, 95% confidence interval (CI): (0.70, 0.99)). In dietary ω-6 intake, the T2 group’s intake level (>11.423, ≤19.160 g/d) was associated with a 14% reduction in frailty risk compared to the T1 group (≤11.423 g/d) (OR: 0.86, 95% CI: 0.75, 1.00, p = 0.044). RCS results indicated a non-linear association between ω-3 and ω-6 intake and frailty risk. Both ROC and DCA curves demonstrated the stability of the constructed model and the effectiveness of an omega-rich diet in reducing frailty risk. However, we did not find a significant association between the ω-6: ω-3 ratio and frailty.ConclusionThis study provides support for the notion that a high intake of ω-3 and a moderate intake of ω-6 may contribute to reducing frailty risk in middle-aged and elderly individuals