Managing financing risk in capacity investment under green supply chain competition

In this paper, we study the asymmetric duopoly models of competing supply chains with financing uncertainty. The financing uncertainty of the green supply chain’s capacity investment could be available as complete or incomplete information to the traditional supply chain. By analyzing and comparing the optimal quantities, optimal prices, and optimal profits of both cases, we find that the financing uncertainty of capacity investment does not affect either chain’s choices of equilibrium quantities and prices in the complete information case. If this information is incomplete for the traditional supply chain, financing uncertainty plays an important role in determining optimal quantities and optimal prices, together with the lending interest rate. To encourage the use of environmentally friendly technologies, government should use per-unit subsidies if the green supply chain suffers the cost disadvantage, and should encourage financial institutions to provide preferential loans to the green supply chain that suffers manufacturing or retailing capacity restrictions

Semi-solid slurry of AZ91 magnesium alloy prepared by electromagnetic stirring near liquidus temperature

An electromagnetic stirring process near liquidus temperature was designed and demonstrated experimentally to produce semi-solid slurry of AZ91 magnesium alloy, in order to avoid not only contamination from mechanical stirring but also the inflammation of Mg alloy melt at elevated temperature. AZ91 alloy feedstock was isothermally heat treated at 600-610 for 20 min, and then stirred by electromagnetic field. Globular primary particle characteristic was observed optically in the castings. Mechanical properties were also studied

Design and Evaluation of a Casting Valve Body Positioning System for Riser-Cutting Robots

The current manual method for the removal of the casting riser for the valve body is characterized by low efficiency, and causes both environmental pollution and human health risks. To address these issues, an automatic method for the cutting of the casting riser using a stereo vision system and a manipulator is proposed in this work. The relative position of the valve casting and the end of the manipulator is determined via the position transformation of the valve casting, the manipulator end, and camera coordinate systems. The spatial motion trajectory of the manipulator is then planned to implement the automatic cutting of the pouring riser of the same valve casting with the same pose. The results of experiments show that the position and angle deviations of the repeated and random positioning accuracies of the visual system are within ±2 mm, ±0.5° and ±3 mm, ±1°, respectively. In the cutting test of the pouring riser, the maximum deviation between the actual and theoretical cutting trajectories is 3 mm. Therefore, the proposed method has good reliability and can meet the requirements of cutting accuracy

(3-{[N-(5-Chloro-2-hy­droxy­phen­yl)oxamo­yl]amino}­prop­yl)dimethyl­aza­nium perchlorate

In the title compound, C13H19ClN3O3 +·ClO4 −, the 3-(di­meth­yl­ammonio)­propyl group of the cation is disordered over two sets of sites with occupancies 0.772 (6) and 0.228 (6). The cations are joined by pairs of N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds into centrosymmetric dimers and these dimers are assembled into chains along the a-axis direction, also through N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds. The perchlorate anions are linked to the hy­droxy groups of the cations by O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds. The positively charged ammonium groups and the anions give rise to folded layers parallel to the ab plane