Prediction of a missing higher charmonium around 4.26 GeV in J/ψJ/\psi family

Inspired by the similarity of mass gaps of $J/\psi$ and $\Upsilon$ families, the prediction of missing higher charmonium with mass $4263$ MeV and very narrow width is made. In addition, the properties of two charmonium-like states, $X(3940)$ and $X(4160)$, and charmonium $\psi(4415)$ are discussed. Here, $X(3940)$ as $\eta_c(3S)$ is established while the explanation of $X(4160)$ to be $\eta_c(4S)$ is fully excluded and $\eta_c(4S)$ is typically a very narrow state. These predictions can be accessible at BESIII, Belle and BelleII in near future.Comment: 5 pages, 5 figures and 1 table. More discussions added. Accepted by Eur. Phys. J.

Vision-Language Instruction Tuning: A Review and Analysis

Instruction tuning is a crucial supervised training phase in Large Language Models (LLMs), aiming to enhance the LLM's ability to generalize instruction execution and adapt to user preferences. With the increasing integration of multi-modal data into LLMs, there is growing interest in Vision-Language Instruction Tuning (VLIT), which presents more complex characteristics compared to pure text instruction tuning. In this paper, we systematically review the latest VLIT settings and corresponding datasets in multi-modal LLMs and provide insights into the intrinsic motivations behind their design. For the first time, we offer a detailed multi-perspective categorization for existing VLIT datasets and identify the characteristics that high-quality VLIT data should possess. By incorporating these characteristics as guiding principles into the existing VLIT data construction process, we conduct extensive experiments and verify their positive impact on the performance of tuned multi-modal LLMs. Furthermore, we discuss the current challenges and future research directions of VLIT, providing insights for the continuous development of this field. The code and dataset related to this paper have been open-sourced at https://github.com/palchenli/VL-Instruction-Tuning.Comment: 34 pages, 6 figure

Detecting Female Students Transforming Entrepreneurial Competency, Mindset, and Intention into Sustainable Entrepreneurship

Entrepreneurship has been viewed as an opportunity for economic development and changing economic scenario in global markets. Women are viewed as a reservoir of entrepreneurial talents, so they can be growth engines in novel markets. Previous studies have considered entrepreneurship as the most effective way towards the economic empowerment of women. Female students engaged in entrepreneurial education have been addressed persistently, while what transforms them in an education process is still unclear. Considering the transforming global economy and its influence on higher education, this study aims to detect female students transforming entrepreneurial competency, mindset, and intention into sustainable entrepreneurship. Using a self-compiled survey, we targeted 752 female students to investigate their entrepreneurial competency, mindset, and intention. SPSS and AMOS were used to transform the data for interpretation. We assumed that the impact of female student’s entrepreneurial competency could be modified by an entrepreneurial mindset and result in entrepreneurial intention. To detect this causal relationship, this study employed reliability, factor, structural equation modeling (SEM), and bootstrapping analyses to verify the evidence. The result of the SEM confirms that the female students’ entrepreneurial competency will, through their entrepreneurial mindset, impact entrepreneurial intention. With bootstrapping, 5000 samples were collected, and it was demonstrated that the measure constructs were still reliable in the model. This study found that there is a mediation effect between entrepreneurial competency and entrepreneurial intention. The entrepreneurial mindset plays a crucial role in the transformation process. Without an entrepreneurial mindset, entrepreneurial competency cannot exert a significant effect on entrepreneurial intention. The findings can help reinvent related entrepreneurial education in higher education

Pionic and radiative transitions from Tcsˉ0+(2900)T_{c\bar{s}0}^+(2900) to Ds1+(2460)D_{s1}^+(2460) as a probe of the structure of Ds1+(2460)D_{s1}^+(2460)

In this work, we evaluated the widths of the pionic and radiative transitions from the $T_{c\bar{s}0}^{+}(2900)$ to the $D_{s1}^{+}(2460)$ in the $D_{s1}^{+}(2460)$ molecular frame and the $D_{s1}^{+}(2460)$ charmed-strange meson frame. Our estimations demonstrate that the transition widths in the $D_{s1}^{+}(2460)$ molecular frame are much larger than those in the the $D_{s1}^{+}(2460)$ charmed-strange meson frame. Specifically, the ratio of the widths of $\Gamma(T_{c\bar{s}0}^{+}(2900)\to D_{s1}^{+} \pi^{0})$ and $\Gamma(T_{c\bar{s}0}^{+}(2900)\to D^{+(0)}K^{0(+)})$ is estimated to be around 0.1 in the $D_{s1}^{+}(2460)$ charmed-strange meson frame, whereas the lower limit of this ratio is 0.67 in the $D_{s1}^{+}(2460)$ molecular frame. Thus, the aforementioned ratio could be employed as a tool for testing the nature of the $D_{s1}^{+}(2460)$.Comment: 8 pages, 7 figure

Ξ(1620)\Xi(1620) production in K−pK^- p scattering process

In the present work, the production of $\Xi(1620)$ in the $K^- p$ scattering process is investigated by using an effective Lagrangian approach, where $\Xi(1620)$ is considered as a $\bar{K} \Lambda$ molecular state. Our estimations indicate that the cross sections for $K^-p\to K^+ \Xi(1620)^-$ are $(1.48 ^{+ 1.12}_{-0.69}) \ \mathrm{\mu b}$ at $P_K=2.8 \ \mathrm{GeV}$, where the uncertainties are resulted from the variation of the model parameter. As for the $K^-p\to K^+ \pi^0 \Xi^-$ process, the cross sections are estimated to be $(0.61 ^{+0.47}_{-0.29})\ \mathrm{\mu b}$ at $P_K =2.8 \ \mathrm{GeV}$, which is consistent with the experimental measurements.Comment: 5 pages, 5 figure