Método automático de clasificación de color en dientes humanos usando aprendizaje de máquina

Trabajo de InvestigaciónActualmente el proceso de identificación del color de los dientes para la fabricación de prótesis dentales es realizado manualmente por un experto que, utilizando un método de identificación visual, determina el color de las piezas dentales en la boca del paciente, usando guías de color como la VITA®. A pesar de que el método visual es el más utilizado para la identificación del color de dientes, este se ve afectado por distintas variables tales como: el cansancio del experto, la luminosidad en el ambiente, salud visual del especialista, entre otras que influyen en la identificación del color en los dientes. Los errores en la clasificación del color de los dientes pueden generar pérdidas de tiempo lo que implicaría en consecuencia sobrecostos que afectarían directamente al fabricante y la satisfacción final del cliente.1. Planteamiento del problema 2. Pregunta de investigación 3. Objetivos 4. Estado del arte 5. Marco de referencia 6. Alcances y limitaciones 7. Metodología 8. Diseño metodológico 9. Discusión y resultados 10. Conclusiones 11. Trabajos futuros 12. Bibliografía 13. ANEXOSPregradoIngeniero de Sistema

The mechanical strength of additive manufactured intraosseous transcutaneous amputation prosthesis, known as the ITAP

The focus of this research is the ability to manufacture, when using layer base production methods, the medical insert known as ITAP used for prosthetic attachment in a femur. It has been demonstrated using computational modelling that a 3-dimensional build of the ITAP has the lowest stress present when the honeycomb infill pattern’s percentage is set at 100%, with the ITAP being constructed on a horizontal printing bed with the shear forces acting adjacent to the honeycomb structure. The testing has followed the British standard ISO 527-2:2012, which shows a layer base printed tensile test sample, with a print setting of 100% infill and at a side print orientation; this was found to withstand a greater load before failure than any other printed test configuration. These findings have been validated through simulations that analyses the compression, shear and torque forces acting upon an augmented femur, with an imbedded ITAP model

Osseointegrated amputation prostheses and implanted electrodes

The load transfer from the external prosthesis to the residual limb via the socket can cause significant stress on the soft tissues, leading to irritation and skin ulcers. Osseointegrated bone-anchored prostheses systems create a direct structural and functional connection between the prosthesis and residual skeleton. Up to date, standardized implant systems, surgical techniques, and postoperative rehabilitation protocols have been developed for osseointegrated prostheses for the rehabilitation of amputees (OPRA), which has resulted in better functionality, fewer complications, and a better quality of life for implant recipients. The OPRA implant systems can now incorporate neuromuscular electrodes to facilitate myoelectric control and sensory feedback, which is especially important for upper extremity amputees. The latest development, called the osseointegrated human-machine gateway, allows for permanent implantation of neuromuscular electrodes, which provide long-term stable signals for myoelectric control, independent of limb position or environmental conditions, as well as artificial sensory feedback. In addition, the modular design of this system allows any part to be upgraded or replaced with minimal disturbance to the other components. The osseointegrated implants and the human-machine gateway represent frontiers in amputee rehabilitation