6,514 research outputs found
Modified Kedem-Katchalsky equations for osmosis through nano-pore
This work presents a modified Kedem-Katchalsky equations for osmosis through
nano-pore. osmotic reflection coefficient of a solute was found to be chiefly
affected by the entrance of the pore while filtration reflection coefficient
can be affected by both the entrance and the internal structure of the pore.
Using an analytical method, we get the quantitative relationship between
osmotic reflection coefficient and the molecule size. The model is verified by
comparing the theoretical results with the reported experimental data of
aquaporin osmosis. Our work is expected to pave the way for a better
understanding of osmosis in bio-system and to give us new ideas in designing
new membranes with better performance.Comment: 19 pages, 4 figure
Effect of electromagnetic stirring on solidification structure of austenitic stainless steel in horizontal continuous casting
An investigation on the influence of low frequency rotary electromagnetic stirring on solidification structure of austenitic stainless steel in horizontal continuous casting was experimentally conducted and carried out on an industrial trial basis. The results show that application of appropriate electromagnetic stirring parameters can obviously improve the macrostructure of austenitic stainless steel, in which both columnar and equiaxed grains can be greatly refined and shrinkage porosity or cavity zone along centerline can be remarkably decreased due to eliminating intracrystalline and enlarging equiaxed grains zone. The industrial trials verify that the electromagnetic stirring intensity of austenitic stainless steel should be higher than that of plain carbon steel. Electromagnetic stirring has somewhat affected the macrostructure of austenitic stainless steel even if the magnetic flux density of the electromagnetic stirring reaches 90 mT (amplitude reaches 141 mT) in average at frequency f=3-4Hz, which provides a reference for the optimization of design and process parameters when applying the rotary electromagnetic stirrer
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