1,726 research outputs found
Determination of Dark Matter Halo Mass from Dynamics of Satellite Galaxies
We show that the mass of a dark matter halo can be inferred from the
dynamical status of its satellite galaxies. Using 9 dark-matter simulations of
halos like the Milky Way (MW), we find that the present-day substructures in
each halo follow a characteristic distribution in the phase space of orbital
binding energy and angular momentum, and that this distribution is similar from
halo to halo but has an intrinsic dependence on the halo formation history. We
construct this distribution directly from the simulations for a specific halo
and extend the result to halos of similar formation history but different
masses by scaling. The mass of an observed halo can then be estimated by
maximizing the likelihood in comparing the measured kinematic parameters of its
satellite galaxies with these distributions. We test the validity and accuracy
of this method with mock samples taken from the simulations. Using the
positions, radial velocities, and proper motions of 9 tracers and assuming
observational uncertainties comparable to those of MW satellite galaxies, we
find that the halo mass can be recovered to within 40%. The accuracy can
be improved to within 25% if 30 tracers are used. However, the dependence
of the phase-space distribution on the halo formation history sets a minimum
uncertainty of 20% that cannot be reduced by using more tracers. We
believe that this minimum uncertainty also applies to any mass determination
for a halo when the phase space information of other kinematic tracers is used.Comment: Accepted for publication in ApJ, 18 pages, 13 figure
Recurrent retroperitoneal Schwannomas displaying different differentiation from primary tumor: Case report and literature review
<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Retroperitoneal Schwannomas are uncommonly found in the retroperitoneum and few of them show malignant transformation and invasion. Local recurrence are common in malignant Schwannomas with very few reports of tumor distinct differentiation at recurrences.</p> <p>Case presentation</p> <p>We report here a rare case of retroperitoneal schwannoma with multiple origins from retroperitoneum and pelvic wall. Pathological examination confirmed the case as a schwannoma with malignant transformation. Radical dissection of the tumors along with the sacrifice of adjacent sigmoid colon and left kidney failed to provide a cure for this patient. Due to tumor recurrence, a second and a third surgery of radical excision were performed 6 months and 17 months later after the first surgery, respectively. Histopathologic analysis identified that the recurrent tumors were different from the original schwannoma because of their smooth muscle-like differentiation.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Malignant schwannomas are uncommon sarcomas with a high incidence of local recurrence. Distinct immunohistochemical staining results of the tumors at recurrence indicate their potential of smooth-muscle like differentiation. Radical excision of the tumors may provide benefit for their local recurrences.</p
A -ray Quasi-Periodic modulation in the Blazar PKS 0301243?
We report a nominally high-confidence -ray quasi-periodic modulation
in the blazar PKS 0301243. For this target, we analyze its \emph{Fermi}-LAT
Pass 8 data covering from 2008 August to 2017 May. Two techniques, i.e., the
maximum likelihood optimization and the exposure-weighted aperture photometry,
are used to build the -ray light curves. Then both the Lomb-Scargle
Periodogram and the Weighted Wavelet Z-transform are applied to the light
curves to search for period signals. A quasi-periodicity with a period of
yr appears at the significance level of , although it
should be noted that this putative quasi-period variability is seen in a data
set barely four times longer. We speculate that this -ray
quasi-periodic modulation might be evidence of a binary supermassive black
hole.Comment: 9 pages, 8 figures; Accepted for publication in Ap
Deadline Constrained Cloud Computing Resources Scheduling through an Ant Colony System Approach
Cloud computing resources scheduling is essential for executing workflows in the cloud platform because it relates to both execution time and execution cost. In this paper, we adopt a model that optimizes the execution cost while meeting deadline constraints. In solving this problem, we propose an Improved Ant Colony System (IACS) approach featuring two novel strategies. Firstly, a dynamic heuristic strategy is used to calculate a heuristic value during an evolutionary process by taking the workflow topological structure into consideration. Secondly, a double search strategy is used to initialize the pheromone and calculate the heuristic value according to the execution time at the beginning and to initialize the pheromone and calculate heuristic value according to the execution cost after a feasible solution is found. Therefore, the proposed IACS is adaptive to the search environment and to different objectives. We have conducted extensive experiments based on workflows with different scales and different cloud resources. We compare the result with a particle swarm optimization (PSO) approach and a dynamic objective genetic algorithm (DOGA) approach. Experimental results show that IACS is able to find better solutions with a lower cost than both PSO and DOGA do on various scheduling scales and deadline conditions
A tetragonal polymorph of bis[hydrotris(pyrazol-1-yl)borato]iron(II)
The title compound, [Fe(C9H10BN6)2], is a polymorph of a compound reported previously [Oliver et al. (1980 ▶). Inorg. Chem.
19, 165–168]. In the previous report, the compound crystallized in the monoclinic space group P21/c (Z = 4), whereas the crystal symmetry of the compound reported here is tetragonal (P42/ncm, Z = 4). The molecular structure is comprised of two hydrotris(1-pyrazolyl)borate ligands (Tp−) and a central FeII ion, which is coordinated by six pyrazole N atoms from two two Tp− ligands, yielding a distorted bipyramidal FeN6 geometry. The complete molecule exhibits symmetry 2/m
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