Laser Induced Titanium and Tungsten Coating on 304 Stainless Steel Surfaces for Wear Resistant Improvement

Laser cladding is a tmenkind of surface treat technology with good prospects for application. By using laser cladding technology, the influence of 304 stainless steel cladding layer on its hardness and wear resistance was explored. This paper studied on different Ti and W ratio of the content of coating on 304 stainless steel. The micro-hardness and wear resistance were compared before and after the coating on the materials. The results represent that the wear property of some cladding layers was improved, which provides some theoretical references for the preparation of composite cladding reinforced of stainless steel surfaces

Magneto-Thermo-Elastic Theoretical Solution for Functionally Graded Thick-Walled Tube under Magnetic, Thermal and Mechanical Loads Based on Voigt Method

In this study, the mechanical responses of a functionally graded thick-walled tube simultaneously under magnetic, thermal and mechanical loads are studied. Based on the assumption that the volume fraction of each phase material is distributed as a power function, the Voigt method is used to obtain the stress–strain relationship of the functionally graded materials (FGMs). The influences of the relevant material parameters including volume fraction, thermal expansion coefficient, and Poisson’s ratio on the magneto-thermo-elastic theoretical solution are deeply studied and discussed. Furthermore, when some of the parameters are set as special values, the research results can be degenerated to two coupled loads which are consistent with the existing researches. The results of this paper provide theoretical support for the practical design and application of the FGM tube under the combined action of magnetic, thermal and mechanical loads

Mitochondrial fission factor promotes cisplatin resistance<?A3B2 ACK?>in hepatocellular carcinoma

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary liver tumor and one of the leading causes of cancer-related death worldwide. Chemotherapeutic agents/regimens such as cisplatin (DDP) are frequently used for advanced HCC treatment. However, drug resistance remains a major hindrance and the underline mechanisms are not fully understood. In this study, we investigated the expression pattern and function of mitochondrial fission factor (Mff) in cisplatin-resistant HCC. We found that Mff is highly expressed in cisplatin-resistant HCC tissues and cell lines. Knockdown of Mff suppresses cell proliferation and promotes cell apoptosis of HCC/DDP cells. In addition, knockdown of Mff sensitizes Huh-7/DDP cells to cisplatin treatment, inhibits cell proliferation, migration and invasion, and enhances cell apoptosis. Confocal imaging showed that knockdown of Mff inhibits the mitochondrial fission and downregulates the expression of GTPase dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1) in cisplatin-resistant Huh-7/DDP cells. Moreover, xenograft tumor model revealed that knockdown of Mff sensitizes Huh-7/DDP xenograft tumor to cisplatin treatment in vivo. In summary, our findings suggest that Mff regulates mitochondrial Drp1 expression and promotes cisplatin resistance in HCC, which provides a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of cisplatin-resistant HCC

The Dual-Targeted Peptide Conjugated Probe for Depicting Residual Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma and Guiding Surgery

Detecting residual nasopharyngeal carcinoma (rNPC) can be difficult because of the coexistence of occult tumours and post-chemoradiation changes, which poses a challenge for both radiologists and surgeons using current imaging methods. Currently, molecular imaging that precisely targets and visualises particular biomarkers in tumours may exceed the specificity and sensitivity of traditional imaging techniques, providing the potential to distinguish tumours from non-neoplastic lesions. Here, we synthesised a HER2/SR-BI-targeted tracer to efficiently position NPC and guide surgery in living mice. This bispecific tracer contained the following two parts: IRDye 800 CW, as an imaging reagent for both optical and optoacoustic imaging, and a fusion peptide (FY-35), as the targeting reagent. Both in vitro and in vivo tests demonstrated that the tracer had higher accumulation and longer retention (up to 48 h) in tumours than a single-targeted probe, and realised sensitive detection of tumours with a minimum size of 3.9 mm. By visualising the vascular network via a customised handheld optoacoustic scan, our intraoperative fluorescence molecular imaging system provides accurate guidance for intraoperative tumour resection. Integrating the advantages of both optical and optoacoustic scanning in an intraoperative image-guided system, this method holds promise for depicting rNPC and guiding salvage surgery

ROS-Mediated NLRP3 Inflammasome Activity Is Essential for Burn-Induced Acute Lung Injury

The NLRP3 inflammasome is necessary for initiating acute sterile inflammation. However, its role in the pathogenesis of burn-induced acute lung injury (ALI) is unknown. This study aimed to determine the role of the NLRP3 inflammasome and the signaling pathways involved in burn-induced ALI. We observed that the rat lungs exhibited enhanced inflammasome activity after burn, as evidenced by increased levels of NLRP3 expression and Caspase-1 activity and augmented inflammatory cytokines. Inhibition of NLRP3 inflammasome by BAY11-7082 attenuated burn-induced ALI, as demonstrated by the concomitant remission of histopathologic changes and the reduction of myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, inflammatory cytokines in rat lung tissue, and protein concentrations in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). In the in vitro experiments, we used AMs (alveolar macrophages) challenged with burn serum to mimic the postburn microenvironment and noted that the serum significantly upregulated NLRP3 inflammasome signaling and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. The use of ROS scavenger N-acetylcysteine (NAC) partially reversed NLRP3 inflammasome activity in cells exposed to burn serum. These results indicate that the NLRP3 inflammasome plays an essential role in burn-induced ALI and that burn-induced NLRP3 inflammasome activity is a partly ROS-dependent process. Targeting this axis may represent a promising therapeutic strategy for the treatment of burn-induced ALI

Laser Induced Titanium and Tungsten Coating on 304 Stainless Steel Surfaces for Wear Resistant Improvement

Laser cladding is a tmenkind of surface treat technology with good prospects for application. By using laser cladding technology, the influence of 304 stainless steel cladding layer on its hardness and wear resistance was explored. This paper studied on different Ti and W ratio of the content of coating on 304 stainless steel. The micro-hardness and wear resistance were compared before and after the coating on the materials. The results represent that the wear property of some cladding layers was improved, which provides some theoretical references for the preparation of composite cladding reinforced of stainless steel surfaces

Autologous Scar-Related Tissue Combined with Skin Grafting for Reconstructing Large Area Burn Scar

Background This study introduced a novel method to reconstruct large areas of scarring caused by burns via combining autologous scar-related tissue with spit-thickness skin grafting (ASTCS). Methods 25 patients underwent reconstruction after scar resection surgeries around the joints were analyzed between Jan 2012 and Jan 2018. Patient demographics and clinical parameters were collected, autologous scar-related tissue was modified to meshed structure, and the split-thickness skin was acquired from the scalp. The scar was resected and punched by a meshing machine with a thickness of 0.3–0.5 mm at a ratio of 1:1. The secondary wounds were covered by the epidermis from a donor site. The surgical areas were bandaged for 7–10 days before the first dressing change. Results 25 patients (mean [SD] age, 26.4 [18.8] years; 16 [64%] men) underwent wounds reconstructive operations due to scar resection were reviewed. Wound location of 9 (22%), 8 (19.5%), 9 (22%), 7 (17.1%) and 8 (19.5%) cases were reconstructed in axillary, hand and wrist, popliteal fossa, elbow and neck, respectively. 39 sites of transplanted tissues survived well, and 2 sites were cured after two weeks of dressing changes. Except the analysis of injury causes, nutritional status, wound area and hospital days, patients with scar deformities in joint areas achieved satisfactory function by assessing the Vancouver Burn Skin Score and the Barthel Index Scale Scores after 12-month follow-up. Conclusions Combining autologous scar-related tissue with skin grafting provided a novel method for treating large areas of burn scars with better functional outcomes