Highly-tunable and strong nonreciprocity in coupled nonlinear cavity magnonics

Nonreciprocity, which violates Lorentz reciprocity, plays a pivotal role in quantum information processing and networks. Nevertheless, achieving a desired and highly-tunable level of nonreciprocity has proven to be a formidable challenge. Here, we propose a coupled nonlinear cavity magnonic system, consisting of two cavities, a second-order nonlinear element, and a yttrium-iron-garnet sphere for supporting Kerr magnons, to realize this sought-after highly-tunable nonreciprocity. We first derive the critical condition for switching between reciprocity and nonreciprocity with undriven magnons, then we numerically demonstrate that a strong magnonic nonreciprocity can be obtained by breaking the critical condition. When magnons are driven, we show that a strong magnonic nonreciprocity can also be attained within the critical condition. Compared to previous study, the introduced nonlinear element not only relaxes the critical condition to both the weak and strong regimes, but also offers an alternative path to adjust the magnonic nonreciprocity. Our work provides a promising avenue to realize highly-tunable nonreciprocal devices with Kerr magnons.Comment: 9 pages, 9 figure

Effect of Composting on Dissolved Organic Matter in Animal Manure and Its Binding with Cu

The agricultural application of raw animal manure introduces large amounts of dissolved organic matter (DOM) into soil and would increase transport of heavy metals such as Cu which are widely present in animal manure. The purpose of this research was to evaluate the evolution of DOM from pig and cattle manures during composting through excitation-emission matrix (EEM) fluorescence spectroscopy and the binding ability of DOM toward copper (Cu) ions with the aid of fluorescence quenching titration. The excitation-emission matrix spectra indicated that tyrosine-like, tryptophan-like, and soluble microbial byproduct-like fluorescence decreased significantly, while humic-like and fulvic-like fluorescence increased and became the main peaks in composted manure DOM. Fluorescence quenching titration showed that the complexing capacities of pig and cattle manure DOM decreased after composting. Correlation analysis confirmed that complexing capacity of DOM positively and significantly correlates with tyrosine-like and soluble microbial byproduct-like materials which mostly degraded after composting. These results would suggest that the ability of manure DOM to complex with Cu is inhibited as a result of reduced protein-like materials after composting

Multiscale Fusion for Abnormality Detection and Localization of Distributed Parameter Systems

Numerous industrial thermal processes and fluid processes can be described by distributed parameter systems (DPSs), wherein many process parameters and variables vary in space and time. Early internal abnormalities in the DPS may develop into uncontrollable thermal failures, causing serious safety incidents. In this study, the multiscale information fusion is proposed for internal abnormality detection and localization of DPSs under different scenarios. We introduce the dissimilarity statistic as a means to identify anomalies for lumped variables, whereas spatial and temporal statistic measures are presented for the anomaly detection for distributed variables. Through appropriate parameter optimization, these statistic functions are integrated into the comprehensive multiscale detection index, which outperforms traditional single-scale detection methods. The proposed multiscale statistic has good physical interpretability from the system disorder degree. Experiments on the internal short circuit (ISC) of a battery system have demonstrated that our proposed method can swiftly identify ISC abnormalities and accurately pinpoint problematic battery cells under various working conditions