Directed Technological Change: A Knowledge-Based Model

We develop a knowledge-based growth model to address the issues of directed technological change, wage inequality and economic growth, in which skilled workers are used both in innovation and production. Since skill-biased technological change may lead to a decrease in the average productivity in R&D sectors, scale effect is removed. Free trade between developed countries increases the demand for skilled workers employed in the production of the skill-intensive good, thus promoting skill-biased technological change through the market size e¡èect and an increase in skill premia. In contrast, free trade between developed and developing countries reduces the profits of skill-complementary innovation, since its market is relatively small in the developing country. Thus, international trade may lead to skill-replacing technological change and decrease wage inequality in the developed country. Wage inequality, however, increases in the developing countries since the degree of skill bias of technology in the developing country in the open economy is greater than the one in autarky. Skill-biased technological change has opposite e¡èects on economic growth, therefore trade stimulates economic growth in some circumstances, and hurts it in other circumstances.Directed Technological Change, Wage Inequality, Scale Effect, Trade, Growth

Patent Protection, Technological Change and Wage Inequality

We develop a directed-technological-change model to address the issue of the optimal patent system and investigate how the optimal patent system influences the direction of technological change and the inequality of wage, where patents are categorized as skill- and labor-complementary. The major results are: (i) Finite patent breadth maximizes the social welfare level; (ii) Optimal patent breadth increases with the amount of skilled (unskilled) workers; (iii) Optimal patent protection is skill-biased, because an increase in the amount of skilled workers increases the dynamic benefits of the protection for skill-complementary patents via the economy of scale of skill-complementary technology; (iv) Skill-biased patent protection skews inventions towards skills, thus increasing wage inequality; And, (v) international trade leads to strong protection for skill-complementary patents, hence increasing skill premia.Patent Breadth, Skill-Biased Patent Protection, Skill-Biased Technological Change, Wage Inequality, Growth

Dynamics of coupled phantom and tachyon fields

In this paper, we apply the dynamical analysis to a coupled phantom field with scaling potential taking particular forms of the coupling (linear and combination of linear), and present phase space analysis. We investigate if there exist late time accelerated scaling attractor that has the ratio of dark energy and dark matter densities of the order one. We observe that the scrutinized couplings cannot alleviate the coincidence problem, however acquire stable late time accelerated solutions. We also discuss coupled tachyon field with inverse square potential assuming linear coupling.Comment: 16 pages, 6 caption figures, 3 Tables, text, figure are added, matches with the published versio

AGGLOMERATION DURING FLUIDIZED-BED COMBUSTION OF BIOMASS

Wheat stalk is tested to investigate the formation of bed agglomeration. The results show that defluidization time decreases with the combustion temperature increasing. The minimum fluidization velocity of the bed material after the test increases. The K, Ca and Si elements play the most important role in bed defluidization

Corporate performance under air pollution control: Evidence from “Atmosphere Ten Articles” Policy

Enterprises who are the most responsible for air pollution are also constrained by environmental protection policies the most. As the strictest environmental policy in China, Atmosphere Ten Articles carries the task to balance the relationship between the ecology and economic development. This paper analyzes the impact of this policy on enterprise performance from two perspectives: social performance and economic performance. The corporate life cycle theory is also integrated into the policy evaluation, and enterprise ownership heterogeneity is analyzed. Through decomposition, we found that the policy can promote the enterprises’ economic performance through technological innovation and resource allocation effect. This paper extends the existing environmental policy evaluation framework and provides empirical reference for future research