243 research outputs found
UnitedHuman: Harnessing Multi-Source Data for High-Resolution Human Generation
Human generation has achieved significant progress. Nonetheless, existing
methods still struggle to synthesize specific regions such as faces and hands.
We argue that the main reason is rooted in the training data. A holistic human
dataset inevitably has insufficient and low-resolution information on local
parts. Therefore, we propose to use multi-source datasets with various
resolution images to jointly learn a high-resolution human generative model.
However, multi-source data inherently a) contains different parts that do not
spatially align into a coherent human, and b) comes with different scales. To
tackle these challenges, we propose an end-to-end framework, UnitedHuman, that
empowers continuous GAN with the ability to effectively utilize multi-source
data for high-resolution human generation. Specifically, 1) we design a
Multi-Source Spatial Transformer that spatially aligns multi-source images to
full-body space with a human parametric model. 2) Next, a continuous GAN is
proposed with global-structural guidance and CutMix consistency. Patches from
different datasets are then sampled and transformed to supervise the training
of this scale-invariant generative model. Extensive experiments demonstrate
that our model jointly learned from multi-source data achieves superior quality
than those learned from a holistic dataset.Comment: Accepted by ICCV2023. Project page: https://unitedhuman.github.io/
Github: https://github.com/UnitedHuman/UnitedHuma
Erbium-ytterbium co-doped lithium niobate single-mode microdisk laser with an ultralow threshold of 1 uW
We demonstrate single-mode microdisk lasers in the telecom band with
ultra-low thresholds on erbium-ytterbium co-doped thin-film lithium niobate
(TFLN). The active microdisk were fabricated with high-Q factors by
photo-lithography assisted chemo-mechanical etching. Thanks to the
erbium-ytterbium co-doping providing high optical gain, the ultra-low loss
nanostructuring, and the excitation of high-Q coherent polygon modes which
suppresses multi-mode lasing and allows high spatial mode overlap factor
between pump and lasing modes, single-mode laser emission operating at 1530 nm
wavelength was observed with an ultra-low threshold, under 980-nm-band optical
pump. The threshold was measured as low as 1 uW, which is one order of
magnitude smaller than the best results previously reported in single-mode
active TFLN microlasers. And the conversion efficiency reaches 0.406%, which is
also the highest value reported in single-mode active TFLN microlasers.Comment: 5 pages,3 figure
Electro-optically tunable low phase-noise microwave synthesizer in an active lithium niobate microdisk
Photonic-based low-phase-noise microwave generation with real-time frequency
tuning is crucial for a broad spectrum of subjects, including next-generation
wireless communications, radar, metrology, and modern instrumentation. Here,
for the first time to the best of our knowledge, narrow-bandwidth
dual-wavelength microlasers are generated from nearly degenerate polygon modes
in a high-Q active lithium niobate microdisk. The high-Q polygon modes
formation with independently controllable resonant wavelengths and free
spectral ranges is enabled by the weak perturbation of the whispering gallery
microdisk resonators using a tapered fiber. The stable beating signal confirms
the low phase-noise achieved in the tunable laser. Owing to the high spatial
overlap factors between the two nearly degenerate lasing modes as well as that
between the two lasing modes and the pump mode, gain competition between the
two modes is suppressed, leading to stable dual-wavelength laser generation and
in turn the low noise microwave source. The measured microwave signal shows a
linewidth of ~6.87 kHz, a phase noise of ~-123 dBc/Hz, and an electro-optic
tuning efficiency of -1.66 MHz/V.Comment: 13 pages, 5 figure
Temporal and Quantitative Analysis of Atherosclerotic Lesions in Diet-Induced Hypercholesterolemic Rabbits
The diet-induced atherosclerotic rabbit is an ideal model for atherosclerosis study, but temporal changes in atherosclerotic development in hypercholesterolemic rabbits are poorly understood. Japanese white rabbits were fed a high-cholesterol diet to induce sustained hypercholesterolemia, and each group of 10–12 animals was then sacrificed at 6, 12, 16, or 28 weeks. The rabbit aortas were harvested, and the sizes of the gross and intima atherosclerotic lesions were quantified. The cellular component of macrophages (Mφs) and smooth muscle cells (SMCs) in aortic intimal lesions was also quantified by immunohistochemical staining, and the correlation between plasma cholesterol levels and the progress of atherosclerotic lesions was studied. The ultrastructure of the atherosclerotic lesions was observed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Widely variable atherosclerotic plaques were found from 6 weeks to 28 weeks, and the lesional progress was closely correlated with cholesterol exposure. Interestingly, a relatively reduced accumulation of Mφ, an increased numbers of SMCs, and a damaged endothelial layer were presented in advanced lesions. Moreover, SMCs were closely correlated with cholesterol exposure and lesional progress for the whole period. Cholesterol exposure directly determines atherosclerotic progress in a rabbit model, and the changes in the cellular component of advanced lesions may affect plaque stability in an atherosclerotic rabbit model
Global Analysis of UDP Glucose Pyrophosphorylase (UDPGP) Gene Family in Plants: Conserved Evolution Involved in Cell Death
UDP glucose pyrophosphorylase (UDPGP) family genes have been reported to play essential roles in cell death or individual survival. However, a systematic analysis on UDPGP gene family has not been performed yet. In this study, a total of 454 UDPGP proteins from 76 different species were analyzed. The analyses of the phylogenetic tree and orthogroups divided UDPGPs into three clades, including UDP-N-acetylglucosamine pyrophosphorylase (UAP), UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase (UGP, containing UGP-A and UGP-B), and UDP-sugar pyrophosphorylase (USP). The evolutionary history of the UDPGPs indicated that the members of UAP, USP, and UGP-B were relatively conserved while varied in UGP-A. Homologous sequences of UGP-B and USP were found only in plants. The expression profile of UDPGP genes in Oryza sativa was mainly motivated under jasmonic acid (JA), abscisic acid (ABA), cadmium, and cold treatments, indicating that UDPGPs may play an important role in plant development and environment endurance. The key amino acids regulating the activity of UDPGPs were analyzed, and almost all of them were located in the NB-loop, SB-loop, or conserved motifs. Analysis of the natural variants of UDPGPs in rice revealed that only a few missense mutants existed in coding sequences (CDSs), and most of the resulting variations were located in the non-motif sites, indicating the conserved structure and function of UDPGPs in the evolution. Furthermore, alternative splicing may play a key role in regulating the activity of UDPGPs. The spatial structure prediction, enzymatic analysis, and transgenic verification of UAP isoforms illustrated that the loss of N- and C-terminal sequences did not affect the overall 3D structures, but the N- and C-terminal sequences are important for UAP genes to maintain their enzymatic activity. These results revealed a conserved UDPGP gene family and provided valuable information for further deep functional investigation of the UDPGP gene family in plants
A Rapid Evaluation Method for Unsaturation of Camellia Oil Based on Raman Spectroscopy Technology
To evaluate the degree of unsaturation of different varieties of Camellia oil, it was necessary to establish a rapid evaluation method with a narrow iodine value range (iodine value difference less than 10). In this study, a rapid quantitative prediction model for iodine value of oil in high-resolution Raman spectroscopy based on linear regression and gradient descent method was established. The Raman signals (785 nm) about 39 group of Camellia oil samples and 10 group of commercially oils were firstly collected. Then, the intensity ratio of peaks of 1656 cm−1 and 1440 cm−1 (I1656/1440) were selected through smoothing algorithm least squares smoothing filter (Savitzky-Golay), polynomial fitting and deconvolution algorithm Lorentzian. A credible model was obtained through correlation analysis with the iodine value of corresponding oil samples. The coefficient of determination (R2) of the test set of the constructed quantitative model was >0.82, the mean square error (MSE) was <0.73 and the root mean square error (RMSE) was <0.85. This quantitative model of edible oil iodine value can accurately and efficiently predict the unsaturation degree of Camellia oil, etc
Exploring the differential stages of the pigment metabolism by pre-harvest bagging and post-harvest ethylene de-greening of Eureka lemon peel
Pre-harvest bagging or post-harvest ethylene treatments on lemons are commonly applied to change the surface color from green to favorable yellow. In this study, the differential mechanisms of the pigment metabolism by the two treatments were investigated by pigments contents and related genetic expression. The results showed that both treatments reduced the number of chloroplasts and the content of chlorophyll. The differential expression of PSY1 and PSY2 were observed, causing the different accumulation of the main carotenoid phytoene content. The differential expression of NYC resulted in altered contents of chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b, and further led to the difference in a* value. More interestingly, the degradation of chlorophyll uncovered the color of carotenoids, leading to the color changed from green to yellow
Construction and Synergistic Effect of Recombinant Yeast Co-expressing Pig IL-2/4/6 on Immunity of Piglets to PRRS Vaccination
AbstractIn order to develop cost-effective immunomodulator, the recombinant Pichia pastoris were firstly constructed to co-express porcine IL-2/4/6 genes, and then fermented to feed 45-days Tibetan piglets at different doses to evaluate its effects on immunity of piglets to PRRS vaccination, which simultaneously received intramuscular injection of inactivated PRRS vaccine. The results were found that the leukocytes, IgG and specific antibody to PRRSV, Th and Tc cells increased significantly in the blood of treated piglets in comparison with those of the control (P<0.05); the mRNA expression of TLRs (TLR-2, 3, 4, 7, 9), IFN-γ, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-7, IL-12 and IL-15 genes were elevated significantly in the immune cells from the blood of treated piglets (P<0.05). Moreover, the growth of the treated piglets also markedly improved whose average net weight gain was significantly higher than the control on 58 days post inoculation (P<0.05). These results suggest that the recombinant yeast can effectively enhance the systematic innate and adaptive immunity of piglets as well as promote the growth of piglet, which could be further developed as cost-effective promising immunomodulator to improve the control of pig PRRS disease
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