88 research outputs found
Sequential Stretching Lithography
We developed an embossing/imprinting based nanofabrication technique, dubbed sequential stretching lithography (SSL). In this process, a master pattern is imprinted into an elastomer containing a film of uncured elastomer. The elastomer is cured and then elongated to increase feature density and reduce feature size. Replication of this substrate yields a new master that can be used in further reduction steps. One-dimensional grating features with a pitch size below 200 nm were fabricated from 750 nm-pitch grating lines. This process gives us a faithful pattern miniaturization in all aspects and, as a result, a much effective control on density and dimension regulation
A Frustratingly Easy Plug-and-Play Detection-and-Reasoning Module for Chinese Spelling Check
In recent years, Chinese Spelling Check (CSC) has been greatly improved by
designing task-specific pre-training methods or introducing auxiliary tasks,
which mostly solve this task in an end-to-end fashion. In this paper, we
propose to decompose the CSC workflow into detection, reasoning, and searching
subtasks so that the rich external knowledge about the Chinese language can be
leveraged more directly and efficiently. Specifically, we design a
plug-and-play detection-and-reasoning module that is compatible with existing
SOTA non-autoregressive CSC models to further boost their performance. We find
that the detection-and-reasoning module trained for one model can also benefit
other models. We also study the primary interpretability provided by the task
decomposition. Extensive experiments and detailed analyses demonstrate the
effectiveness and competitiveness of the proposed module.Comment: Accepted for publication in Findings of EMNLP 202
LEASGD: an Efficient and Privacy-Preserving Decentralized Algorithm for Distributed Learning
Distributed learning systems have enabled training large-scale models over
large amount of data in significantly shorter time. In this paper, we focus on
decentralized distributed deep learning systems and aim to achieve differential
privacy with good convergence rate and low communication cost. To achieve this
goal, we propose a new learning algorithm LEASGD (Leader-Follower Elastic
Averaging Stochastic Gradient Descent), which is driven by a novel
Leader-Follower topology and a differential privacy model.We provide a
theoretical analysis of the convergence rate and the trade-off between the
performance and privacy in the private setting.The experimental results show
that LEASGD outperforms state-of-the-art decentralized learning algorithm DPSGD
by achieving steadily lower loss within the same iterations and by reducing the
communication cost by 30%. In addition, LEASGD spends less differential privacy
budget and has higher final accuracy result than DPSGD under private setting
Towards Real-World Writing Assistance: A Chinese Character Checking Benchmark with Faked and Misspelled Characters
Writing assistance is an application closely related to human life and is
also a fundamental Natural Language Processing (NLP) research field. Its aim is
to improve the correctness and quality of input texts, with character checking
being crucial in detecting and correcting wrong characters. From the
perspective of the real world where handwriting occupies the vast majority,
characters that humans get wrong include faked characters (i.e., untrue
characters created due to writing errors) and misspelled characters (i.e., true
characters used incorrectly due to spelling errors). However, existing datasets
and related studies only focus on misspelled characters mainly caused by
phonological or visual confusion, thereby ignoring faked characters which are
more common and difficult. To break through this dilemma, we present
Visual-C, a human-annotated Visual Chinese Character Checking dataset with
faked and misspelled Chinese characters. To the best of our knowledge,
Visual-C is the first real-world visual and the largest human-crafted
dataset for the Chinese character checking scenario. Additionally, we also
propose and evaluate novel baseline methods on Visual-C. Extensive
empirical results and analyses show that Visual-C is high-quality yet
challenging. The Visual-C dataset and the baseline methods will be publicly
available to facilitate further research in the community.Comment: Work in progres
Near-Infrared Survey and Photometric Redshifts in the Extended GOODS-North field
We present deep and -band images in the extended Great Observatories
Origins Deep Survey-North (GOODS-N) field covering an area of 0.22
. The observations were taken using WIRCam on the 3.6-m Canada
France Hawaii Telescope (CFHT). Together with the reprocessed -band
image, the limiting AB magnitudes (in 2" diameter apertures) are
24.7, 24.2, and 24.4 AB mag in the , , and bands,
respectively. We also release a multi-band photometry and photometric redshift
catalog containing 93598 sources. For non-X-ray sources, we obtained a
photometric redshift accuracy with an outlier
fraction . For X-ray sources, which are mainly active galactic
nuclei (AGNs), we cross-matched our catalog with the updated 2M-CDFN X-ray
catalog from Xue et al. (2016) and found that 658 out of 683 X-ray sources have
counterparts. UV data are included in the photometric redshift
computation for the X-ray sources to give with
. Our approach yields more accurate photometric redshift estimates
compared to previous works in this field. In particular, by adopting AGN-galaxy
hybrid templates, our approach delivers photometric redshifts for the X-ray
counterparts with fewer outliers compared to the 3D-HST catalog, which fit
these sources with galaxy-only templates
Spatially resolved Spectro-photometry of M81: Age, Metallicity and Reddening Maps
In this paper, we present a multi-color photometric study of the nearby
spiral galaxy M81, using images obtained with the Beijing Astronomical
Observatory 60/90 cm Schmidt Telescope in 13 intermediate-band filters from
3800 to 10000{\AA}. The observations cover the whole area of M81 with a total
integration of 51 hours from February 1995 to February 1997. This provides a
multi-color map of M81 in pixels of 1\arcsec.7 \times 1\arcsec.7. Using
theoretical stellar population synthesis models, we demonstrate that some BATC
colors and color indices can be used to disentangle the age and metallicity
effect. We compare in detail the observed properties of M81 with the
predictions from population synthesis models and quantify the relative chemical
abundance, age and reddening distributions for different components of M81. We
find that the metallicity of M81 is about with no significant
difference over the whole galaxy. In contrast, an age gradient is found between
stellar populations of the central regions and of the bulge and disk regions of
M81: the stellar population in its central regions is older than 8 Gyr while
the disk stars are considerably younger, Gyr. We also give the
reddening distribution in M81. Some dust lanes are found in the galaxy bulge
region and the reddening in the outer disk is higher than that in the central
regions.Comment: Accepted for publication in AJ (May 2000 issue). 27 pages including 6
figures. Uses AASTeX aasms4 styl
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