Non-adiabatic Fast Control of Mixed States based on Lewis-Riesenfeld Invariant

We apply the inversely-engineered control method based on Lewis-Riesenfeld invariants to control mixed states of a two-level quantum system. We show that the inversely-engineered control passages of mixed states - and pure states as special cases - can be made significantly faster than the conventional adiabatic control passages, which renders the method applicable to quantum computation. We devise a new type of inversely-engineered control passages, to be coined the antedated control passages, which further speed up the control significantly. We also demonstrate that by carefully tuning the control parameters, the inversely-engineered control passages can be optimized in terms of speed and energy cost.Comment: 9 pages, 9 figures, version to appear in J. Phys. Soc. Jp

Rotational 3D Printing of Sensor Devices using Reactive Ink Chemistries

This paper charts progress in three key areas of a project supported by both UK government and UK industry to manufacture novel sensor devices using rotary 3D printing technology and innovative ink chemistries; (1) the development of an STL file slicing algorithm that returns constant Z height 2D contour data at a resolution that matches the given print head setup, allowing digital images to be generated of the correct size without the need for scaling; (2) the development of image transformation algorithms which allow images to be printed at higher resolutions using tilted print heads and; (3) the formulation of multi part reaction inks which combine and react on the substrate to form solid material layers with a finite thickness. A Direct Light Projection (DLP) technique demonstrated the robustness of the slice data by constructing fine detailed three dimensional test pieces which were comparable to identical parts built in an identical way from slice data obtained using commercial software. Material systems currently under investigation include plaster, stiff polyamides and epoxy polymers and conductive metallic’s. Early experimental results show conductivities of silver approaching 1.42x105 Siemens/m.Mechanical Engineerin

An approach to exact solutions of the time-dependent supersymmetric two-level three-photon Jaynes-Cummings model

By utilizing the property of the supersymmetric structure in the two-level multiphoton Jaynes-Cummings model, an invariant is constructed in terms of the supersymmetric generators by working in the sub-Hilbert-space corresponding to a particular eigenvalue of the conserved supersymmetric generators. We obtain the exact solutions of the time-dependent Schr\"{o}dinger equation which describes the time-dependent supersymmetric two-level three-photon Jaynes-Cummings model (TLTJCM) by using the invariant-related unitary transformation formulation. The case under the adiabatic approximation is also discussed. Keywords: Supersymmetric Jaynes-Cummings model; exact solutions; invariant theory; geometric phase factor; adiabatic approximationComment: 7 pages, Late

Probing and modelling the localized self-mixing in a GaN/AlGaN field-effect terahertz detector

In a GaN/AlGaN field-effect terahertz detector, the directional photocurrent is mapped in the two-dimensional space of the gate voltage and the drain/source bias. It is found that not only the magnitude, but also the polarity, of the photocurrent can be tuned. A quasistatic self-mixing model taking into account the localized terahertz field provides a quantitative description of the detector characteristics. Strongly localized self-mixing is confirmed. It is therefore important to engineer the spatial distribution of the terahertz field and its coupling to the field-effect channel on the sub-micron scale.Comment: 12 pages, 4 figures, submitted to AP

Nanoelectromechanical Resonator Arrays for Ultrafast, Gas-Phase Chromatographic Chemical Analysis

Miniaturized gas chromatography (GC) systems can provide fast, quantitative analysis of chemical vapors in an ultrasmall package. We describe a chemical sensor technology based on resonant nanoelectromechanical systems (NEMS) mass detectors that provides the speed, sensitivity, specificity, and size required by the microscale GC paradigm. Such NEMS sensors have demonstrated detection of subparts per billion (ppb) concentrations of a phosphonate analyte. By combining two channels of NEMS detection with an ultrafast GC front-end, chromatographic analysis of 13 chemicals was performed within a 5 s time window

Decision Support Algorithm for Evaluating Carbon Dioxide Emissions from Electricity Generation in the United States

Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/146433/1/jiec12708.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/146433/2/jiec12708-sup-0001-SuppMat.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/146433/3/jiec12708_am.pd

Benefits of polidocanol endovenous microfoam (Varithena®) compared with physician-compounded foams

Objective: To compare foam bubble size and bubble size distribution, stability, and degradation rate of commercially available polidocanol endovenous microfoam (Varithena) and physician-compounded foams using a number of laboratory tests. Methods: Foam properties of polidocanol endovenous microfoam and physician-compounded foams were measured and compared using a glass-plate method and a Sympatec QICPIC image analysis method to measure bubble size and bubble size distribution, TurbiscanTM LAB for foam half time and drainage and a novel biomimetic vein model to measure foam stability. Physician-compounded foams composed of polidocanol and room air, CO2, or mixtures of oxygen and carbon dioxide (O2:CO2) were generated by different methods. Results: Polidocanol endovenous microfoam was found to have a narrow bubble size distribution with no large (>500 mm) bubbles. Physician-compounded foams made with the Tessari method had broader bubble size distribution and large bubbles, which have an impact on foam stability. Polidocanol endovenous microfoam had a lower degradation rate than any physician-compounded foams, including foams made using room air (p < 0.035). The same result was obtained at different liquid to gas ratios (1:4 and 1:7) for physician-compounded foams. In all tests performed, CO2 foams were the least stable and different O2:CO2 mixtures had intermediate performance. In the biomimetic vein model, polidocanol endovenous microfoam had the slowest degradation rate and longest calculated dwell time, which represents the length of time the foam is in contact with the vein, almost twice that of physician-compounded foams using room air and eight times better than physician-compounded foams prepared using equivalent gas mixes. Conclusion: Bubble size, bubble size distribution and stability of various sclerosing foam formulations show that polidocanol endovenous microfoam results in better overall performance compared with physician-compounded foams. Polidocanol endovenous microfoam offers better stability and cohesive properties in a biomimetic vein model compared to physician-compounded foams. Polidocanol endovenous microfoam, which is indicated in the United States for treatment of great saphenous vein system incompetence, provides clinicians with a consistent product with enhanced handling propertie

Preferential regulation of stably expressed genes in the human genome suggests a widespread expression buffering role of microRNAs

In this study, we comprehensively explored the stably expressed genes (SE genes) and fluctuant genes (FL genes) in the human genome by a meta-analysis of large scale microarray data. We found that these genes have distinct function distributions. miRNA targets are shown to be significantly enriched in SE genes by using propensity analysis of miRNA regulation, supporting the hypothesis that miRNAs can buffer whole genome expression fluctuation. The expression-buffering effect of miRNA is independent of the target site number within the 3'-untranslated region. In addition, we found that gene expression fluctuation is positively correlated with the number of transcription factor binding sites in the promoter region, which suggests that coordination between transcription factors and miRNAs leads to balanced responses to external perturbations

Light vector meson decay constants and the renormalization factor from a tadpole-improved action

The rho, K* and phi decay constants and the vector current renormalization factor are studied by using an O(a^2) classically-improved, tadpole-improved action. Tree-level calculations are used to show how the classical improvement of the action, involving next-nearest-neighbour timesteps, is transferred to the matrix elements. Simulations are performed on coarse lattices and compared to Wilson results from both coarse and fine lattices. The improved action data are found to resemble Wilson data obtained at 1/3 of the lattice spacing, which is the same degree of improvement that is seen by comparing the mass spectra.Comment: 16 pages of Revtex, including 9 figures which use eps