Oral History Interview with Jules Levin, September 3, 1990

“Dr. Jules Levin was born in 1910 to Jewish immigrant parents in a farming community in Milwaukee county. Both of his parents came from a multi-ethnic area of White Russia and knew both Polish and Russian upon their arrival in the United States. His father lived for a short while in Chicago and then moved to Milwaukee where he bought a tavern in the Russian-Jewish neighborhood. Later he bought a farm in Caledonia. The Levins returned to Milwaukee and bought a grocery store in the solidly Polish section of Milwaukee. Jules Levin spent his entire school days in the Polish neighborhood and had extensive contact with its residents. He not only attended school with Poles but was involved in scouting and waited on Polish customers. Dr. Levin later attend medical school and became one of the first neurosurgeons in Milwaukee. He is now semi-retired and serves as a medical consultant.” - Robert G. Mink, 199

Practical One-Step Synthesis of Symmetrical Liquid Crystalline Dialkyloligothiophenes for Molecular Electronic Applications

This communication describes extremely simple one-step synthesis of α,α′-dialkyloligothiophenes by the lithiation/alkylation of the corresponding commercially available oligothiophenes. Use of t-BuOK to enhance the reactivity of lithiated oligothiophene species towards alkyl halides is crucially important. Copyright © 2006 The Chemical Society of Japan.SCOPUS: ar.jinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishe

Global burden of hepatitis C: considerations for healthcare providers

An estimated 2%-3% of the world's population is living with hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, and each year, >350 000 die of HCV-related conditions, including cirrhosis and liver cancer. The epidemiology and burden of HCV infection varies throughout the world, with country-specific prevalence ranging from <1% to >10%. In contrast to the United States and other developed countries, HCV transmission in developing countries frequently results from exposure to infected blood in healthcare and community settings. Hepatitis C prevention, care, and treatment programs must recognize country-specific epidemiology, which varies by setting and level of economic development. Awareness of the global epidemiology of HCV infection is important for US healthcare providers treating foreign-born patients from countries where HCV infection is endemic and for counseling patients who travel to these countries. Countries with a high burden of HCV infection also would benefit from establishing comprehensive prevention, care, and treatment programs. Globally, an estimated 130-170 million persons (2%-3% of the world's population) are living with hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection Available data indicate that infection with HCV varies considerably by country and region. However, the true burden of disease is not well known in many countries, because capacity is limited for collecting epidemiologic data. In contrast, the mode of transmission is fairly well defined and most often involves exposure to contaminated needles or syringes, although the means by which this exposure occurs differs by country. Whereas HCV transmission in developing countries frequently results from exposure to infected blood and blood products in healthcare and community settings, HCV infections in most developed countries are associated with injection drug use (ie, personal behavior typically of an illicit nature). The global picture directly impacts the United States; tens of millions of foreign-born persons reside in the United States, many of whom are from countries where HCV infection is endemic (eg, countries with an HCV prevalence ≥2%), and >1 million new immigrants enter the United States annually. Therefore, US healthcare providers who treat immigrants and foreign-born persons must recognize that decisions to screen these patients based on established risk factors for HCV infection in the United State

Bacteriophage SP01 gene product 56 inhibits Bacillus subtilis cell division by interacting with FtsL and disrupting Pbp2B and FtsW recruitment

Previous work identified gene product 56 (gp56), encoded by the lytic bacteriophage SP01, as being responsible for inhibition o

A mechanical wear test using fission fragments /

Work performed at the Brookhaven National Laboratory."August 15, 1950."Includes bibliographical references (p. 2).Mode of access: Internet