Application of an Adaptive Method for Integrated Assessment of Water Allocation Issues in the Namoi River Catchment, Australia

Integrated Assessment is increasingly being applied to manage natural resource problems internationally. The development of Integrated Assessment models requires application of an adaptive process of model development, incorporating both stakeholder and scientific knowledge in model development. Such a process should allow the development of trust between stakeholders and scientists to help overcome conflicts arising from model application. This paper outlines one such adaptive approach to Integrated Assessment modelling. It examines an integrated assessment model which has been developed using this process to assess long term outcomes of management options for water allocation in the Namoi River catchment, Australia. The development of this tool has been undertaken using an iterative approach with key stakeholders. The approach embraces collaboration with relevant stakeholder groups on the issues to be addressed by the model (conceptualisation, regional discretisation, system knowledge, scenario framing and results) and preferred future directions of model development. A key aspect of the model framework is that it has been developed to be sufficiently general for reapplication and extension to a wide range of water allocation issues in other catchments. Lessons are drawn from this experience in framework development for the field of integrated assessment

Participatory Modelling in Natural Resource Management: A Comparison of Four Case Studies

The need to understand what might constitute best practice in participatory methods for resource management is becoming ever more important as the requirement for a high level of participation becomes prescribed in the environmental directives of the EU and elsewhere. Since there are numerous potential stakeholders who may participate, various different goals of participation and many potential participatory methods designed to achieve them, there is a need for better understanding of how the methods can be practicably applied to particular stakeholders and for what purpose. As input into this process, this paper presents an overview of four natural resource management projects carried out using participatory modelling methods involving stakeholders in the co-design and social learning of management solutions. From these case studies, a description is elicited of the different types of participatory process structures adopted, as well as an analysis of the influences behind the selection of stakeholders and their level of involvement. Six influences in the design of such structures are identified and illustrated with examples: project goals, democratic participatory goals, existing power structures, stakeholder numbers, researchers’ normative beliefs and the scale at which decisions need to be supported. These influences place limits on the freedom of practitioners to develop the type of processes they might otherwise intend. Classification of the process structures according to the level of involvement of stakeholders and their scale of action leads to a discussion about a particular problem of co-design processes: a scale of action mismatch. That is, some process structures, due to the influences mentioned above, end up not involving all the necessary decision makers in the co-design of management solutions. As a result, there has to be additional methods employed to ensure that the results of co-design, i.e. a set of management options, can be passed on to and adopted by excluded decision makers. The paper concludes by briefly looking at examples of possible methods, such as process extensions, e.g., consultation meetings and information campaigns, and the adoption of institutional safeguards