Psychological type profile of Methodist circuit ministers in Britain : similarities to and differences from Anglican clergy

Psychological type theory is employed to profile similarities and differences between Methodist ministers in Britain and the Church of England clergy profiled in an earlier study by Francis, Craig, Whinney, Tilley and Slater (2007). New data were provided by 693 male and 311 female Methodist ministers who completed the Francis Psychological Type Scales. These data demonstrated that both male and female Methodist ministers were less likely to prefer intuition, and more likely to prefer sensing, compared to their Anglican colleagues. Also, male Methodist ministers were more likely to prefer feeling and less likely to prefer thinking in comparison with their Anglican colleagues. In other respects, the Methodist ministers and the Anglican clergy recorded similar profiles. These findings are interpreted to illuminate characteristics of strength and weakness in Methodist and Anglican ministry in England and to highlight potential challenges in effecting cooperation between the two denominations

Saving the African Elephant

How to save the African elephant from extinction has been a controversial issue for over two decades. This article will explain why the African elephant is dying out, why it should be saved, and how to save it. Part I describes the elephant\u27s life and habits. Part II explains the causes of the elephant\u27s endangered status. Part III discusses why the elephant should be saved. Part IV explains the policies established by the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species (CITES). Part V explores avenues for saving the elephant. Part VI offers policy recommendations

A Review of Great Legal Traditions: Civil Law, Common Law, and Chinese Law in Historical and Operational Perspective

Three justices of the German Federal Constitutional Court, resplendent in red regalia, stand tall behind a high wooden bench and under an enormous carved eagle. A high ceiling emphasizes the splendor of the high court. The faces of Confucius, Constantine, and Blackstone, regal in their formal vestments, appear on the left. Superimposed text reads Great Legal Traditions: Civil Law, Common Law, and Chinese Law in Historical and Operational Perspective. The startlingly vivid book cover commands visual attention, while its title promises an overview of the history of three legal systems along with their presentday procedures. But an impressive cover can disguise a tedious treatise. After all, one should not judge a book by its cover. But here, the text is as compelling as the cover. John W. Head\u27s book fulfills the promise of its exterior. Professor Head has chosen three legal systems-civil law, common law, and Chinese law-and has crafted a detailed and meticulously researched history of the roots of each system and their evolution over the ages. The book provides more than a mere history; it sets forth and embellishes upon the present-day workings of these three systems. The comprehensive treatment of these systems leaves little doubt that Great Legal Traditions will be of value to historians, sociologists, political scientists, law reformers, law students, and anyone interested in the interrelationship between law and history

Kosovo: To Bomb or Not to Bomb? The Legality is the Question

In 1998 and 1999, Yugoslavia was engaged in an ethnic cleansing, involving the systematic murder of its ethnic minorities, especially within its state of Kosovo. Although the United Nations issued Resolutions condemning Yugoslavia\u27s actions, the U.N. stopped short of ordering any enforcement action. The North Atlantic Treaty Organization ( NATO ) members agreed that action must be taken to stop the slaughter. After attempts to negotiate peace in the region proved unsuccessful, NATO determined that an aggressive response was the only altemative. On March 24, 1999, NATO-sponsored forces commenced bombing Kosovo. The bombing ended on June 10, 1999, having achieved its aim. The subject of this paper is whether NATO\u27s actions were legal under international law. Some scholars have maintained that the bombing was illegal in the sense that its scope was too broad; e.g. that the types of weapons (such as cluster bombs) were too indiscriminate; or that the targets were illegal (some claim that the bombing targeted civilians and in some cases killed the very refugees whom NATO was seeking to protect). These arguments are beyond the scope of this paper, which will address only whether the decision to commence bombing was itself lawful under international law

A Review of Great Legal Traditions: Civil Law, Common Law, and Chinese Law in Historical and Operational Perspective

This is the published version

An Overview of Insolvency Proceedings in Asia

This paper gives an overview of current bankruptcy (insolvency) proceedings in Asia. It will explain the existing laws, which are generally old and too outmoded to resolve modem cross-border debtor/creditor disputes. It will explore cultural attitudes which have both inhibited use of the existing laws and prevented meaningful changes to them. It will discuss how the changing structure of the market makes bankruptcy proceedings more common today than in the past, and appears to be leading many countries to revamp their bankruptcy laws. This paper will focus on the bankruptcy laws of eight Asian countries: Hong Kong, China, Taiwan, Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, Thailand, and Japan

Toward an International Bankruptcy Policy in Europe: Four Decades in Search of a Treaty

As multinational trade has increased, so has the need for crossborder insolvency agreements. For forty years, the European Community and European Union have attempted to agree on cross-border insolvency procedures. The author explores the history of these efforts, the policy issues which have made agreement difficult, and the demise of the EUs best hope for a cross-border insolvency agreement: the failed 1995 Convention. Finally, she compares past and current proposals, and explains why they are inferior solutions to the failed Convention

Sources of hostility variance in sport situations

An S-R (situation-response) Inventory of Hostility that related specifically to situations encountered in connection with three contact sports -- ice hockey, lacrosse, and soccer -- was designed to obtain data in order to test the hypothesis. Once established, the data obtained as a result of the administration(s) of the inventory were utilized to locate the sources of behavioral variation

An Overview of Insolvency Proceedings in Asia

This paper gives an overview of current bankruptcy (insolvency) proceedings in Asia. It will explain the existing laws, which are generally old and too outmoded to resolve modem cross-border debtor/creditor disputes. It will explore cultural attitudes which have both inhibited use of the existing laws and prevented meaningful changes to them. It will discuss how the changing structure of the market makes bankruptcy proceedings more common today than in the past, and appears to be leading many countries to revamp their bankruptcy laws. This paper will focus on the bankruptcy laws of eight Asian countries: Hong Kong, China, Taiwan, Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, Thailand, and Japan

Limitations on Use of the California Homestead Exemption in Bankruptcy Cases: The Case for Following In re Pladson

Two decisions, a 1991 California Court of Appeal decision, Spencer v. Lowery, and a 1993 United States District Court for the Northern District of California decision, In re Pladson, severely restricted the homestead exemption available in bankruptcy cases filed in California. Some bankruptcy courts have refused to follow the Spencer and Pladson cases and the California Legislature has passed new legislation on the use of the homestead exemption in bankruptcy. This article will explore the background and rationale of the decisions and the legislative scheme, and offer support for limiting the Homestead exemption in bankruptcy cases