Detección inmunohistoquímica del antígeno del virus diarrea viral bovina en fetos y neonatos bovinos

Los objetivos del trabajo fueron investigar la participación del virus diarrea viral bovina(vDVB) como causal de abortos y mortalidad neonatal en bovinos de la región del nordesteargentino y determinar la distribución antigénica del virus en diversos órganos fetales.Tejidos de 40 fetos y 11 neonatos bovinos fijados en formalina y embebidos en parafina fueronprocesados mediante un método inmunohistoquímico. El antígeno vDVB fue detectadoen tres fetos, no detectándose neonatos positivos. En todos los fetos positivos se observó unaamplia distribución del antígeno, visualizada como pigmento marrón granular de diferentesdiámetros en el citoplasma de células epiteliales, neuronas, células gliales, macrófagos, célulasendoteliales, endocrinas y células de músculo liso de la mayoría los órganos estudiados.Las neuronas, células epiteliales, macrófagos y células del músculo liso vascular fueron lostipos celulares que evidenciaron la mayor concentración antigénica. Por ello, se resalta laconveniencia del análisis de encéfalo, piel y nódulo linfoide para la detección inmunohistoquímicade vDVB en fetos bovinos de abortos espontáneos. El vDVB está presente en el ganadobovino de la región, es responsable de originar abortos y pese al bajo porcentaje de fetospositivos (7,5%) no debe subestimarse su importancia como patógeno de la reproducción

Consideraciones técnicas sobre un método inmunohistoquímico para la detección del virus diarrea viral bovina en tejido fijado en formalina

El objetivo de esta comunicación es informar los aspectos técnicos más importantes de un método inmunohistoquímico para la detección del virus diarrea viral bovina en tejido fijado en formol y, de esta forma, proporcionar una guía que facilite la implementación de la técnica en otros laboratorios de histopatología. El protocolo que resultó en una tinción específica, intensa, que no alteró la morfología del tejido y presentó mínima tinción de fondo fue el que empleó proteinasa K al 0,2% durante 20 minutos a 37ºC en cámara húmeda previa a la incubación con el anticuerpo 15C5 a la dilución 1:6000

Una leche bubalina rica en ácidos grasos trans incrementó la colesterolemia y tendió a agravar la ateroesclerosis en conejos

Buffalo heifers supplemented with a mixture of sunflower oil + fish can produce milk with low level saturated fatty acids (SFA, which are considered hypercholesterolemic and pro-atherogenic), and increase the synthesis of trans-11 18: 1 and cis-9, trans-11 18: 2 fatty acids (with anti-atherogenic properties). This work compared the effects of the administration to rabbits of two bubaline milk, with low and high trans/saturated fatty acids (tFA/SFA) ratio, on the development of atherosclerosis induced by cholesterol. Twenty New Zealand rabbits, males, were randomly separated into a control group (n=10) that received milk with low tFA/SFA ratio (5.3% tFA and 67.12% SFA) obtained from grazing buffalos; and a high trans group (n = 10) that received milk with high tFA/SFA ratio (25.84% tFA and 45.89% SFA) obtained from buffalos with lipid supplementation in their diet. The experience lasted 75 days and, from day 15, all rabbits were challenged with 0.93 g of cholesterol/day orally, to induce atherosclerotic lesions. The rabbits voluntarily consumed 9293.13 ml and 9930 ml of milk with low and high tFA/SFA ratio, respectively (p 0.404). Rabbits that consumed milk with a high tFA/SFA ratio increased (p 0.049) serum levels of total cholesterol (6.08 g/l), compared to the control group (5.58 g/l). No differences were detected between groups in LDL cholesterol (p 0.073), HDL cholesterol (p 0.078) and triglycerides (p 0.174). Atherosclerotic lesions were more extensive in rabbits that consumed milk with a high tFA/SFA ratio, although without statistical significance (p> 0.05) compared to rabbits that consumed milk with low tFA/SFA ratio. In conclusion, bubaline milk obtained from animals with lipid supplementation contributed to increase cholesterolemia and tended to worsen atherosclerosis in rabbits. These effects may be related to the high content of tFA of this milk. Búfalas suplementadas con una mezcla de aceites de girasol + pescado pueden reducir en la leche los niveles de ácidos grasos saturados (AGS), considerados hipercolesterolémicos y pro-aterogénicos, e incrementar los ácidos grasos trans-11 18:1 y cis-9,trans-11 18:2, con propiedades anti-aterogénicas. Este trabajo comparó los efectos del consumo de dos leches bubalinas, con baja y alta relación de ácidos grasos trans (AGt)/AGS, sobre el lipidograma y el desarrollo de ateroesclerosis inducidos por colesterol en conejos. Veinte conejos neozelandeses, machos, fueron aleatoriamente separados en un grupo control (n=10) que recibió leche con baja relación AGt/AGS (5,3% de AGt y 67,12% de AGS) obtenida de búfalas en sistema pastoril; y un grupo alto trans (n=10) que recibió leche con alta relación AGt/AGS (25,84% de AGt y 45,89% de AGS) obtenida de búfalas con suplementación lipídica en su dieta. La experiencia duró 75 días y, a partir del día 15, todos los conejos fueron desafiados con 0,93 g de colesterol/día, vía oral, a fin de inducir lesiones ateroescleróticas. Los conejos consumieron de manera voluntaria 9293,13 ml y 9930 ml de leche con baja y alta relación AGt/AGS, respectivamente (p 0,404). Los conejos que consumieron leche con alta relación AGt/AGS registraron un leve incremento significativo (p 0,049) del colesterol total (6,08 g/l), cuando se comparó con el grupo control (5,58 g/l). No se detectaron diferencias entre grupos en el colesterol LDL (p 0,073), colesterol HDL (p 0,078) y triglicéridos (p 0,174). Las lesiones ateroescleróticas fueron más extensas en los conejos que consumieron leche con alta relación AGt/AGS, aunque sin significación estadística (p>0,05) cuando se comparó el control. En conclusión, la leche bubalina obtenida con la suplementación lipídica referida en este estudio, incrementó la colesterolemia y tendió a agravar la ateroesclerosis en conejos. Dichos efectos, posiblemente estén relacionados con el alto contenido de AGt de esta leche.

The Grizzly, November 16, 1984

College Acquires New Properties • Crime and Punishment: The New System • Officials Seek Return of Missing Air Masks • Editorial: Force Feeding the Student Body • Letters: Campus Sage Defends Lever Pullers; Group Claims Silent Coup • Study Abroad: A Student\u27s Trip to Scotland • Steady GPA Increase for Math and Poli Sci • Shorts: Pops Concert Scheduled; Shyness Workshop; Three Students Receive Award • Gridders Defeat Dickinson, 45-14 • X-Country Runner Earns Trip to Nationals • Swimmin\u27 women....and the Mermen • CPA Urges Students to Consider Optionshttps://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/grizzlynews/1128/thumbnail.jp

The Grizzly, October 5, 1984

Political Ad Forum Set • Blood Drive Exceeds Quota • Education Dept Lauded For Teacher Preparation Efforts • News of Yesteryear: Fleet Men Relate Overseas Experiences; Students Ask $561 in War Fund Drive • Letters: Student Opposes Conformity; Wet Commuter • Limerick Pt 2: The Evacuation Plan • Senior Ec/Ba Accounting Student Honored • Gridders Drop Third Straight • Tannenbaum Fills New Sports Information Post • Regular Baseball Season Ends • New Faculty Profiles: Zemel Joins Economics Department • Shorts: Pottery Exhibit; Career Workshop; Fellowships; Red and Gold Days; Speech Exam; Friends\u27 Book Salehttps://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/grizzlynews/1123/thumbnail.jp

Haptoglobin improves shock, lung injury, and survival in canine pneumonia

During the last half-century, numerous antiinflammatory agents were tested in dozens of clinical trials and have proven ineffective for treating septic shock. The observation in multiple studies that cell-free hemoglobin (CFH) levels are elevated during clinical sepsis and that the degree of increase correlates with higher mortality suggests an alternative approach. Human haptoglobin binds CFH with high affinity and, therefore, can potentially reduce iron availability and oxidative activity. CFH levels are elevated over approximately 24-48 hours in our antibiotic-treated canine model of S. aureus pneumonia that simulates the cardiovascular abnormalities of human septic shock. In this 96-hour model, resuscitative treatments, mechanical ventilation, sedation, and continuous care are translatable to management in human intensive care units. We found, in this S. aureus pneumonia model inducing septic shock, that commercial human haptoglobin concentrate infusions over 48-hours bind canine CFH, increase CFH clearance, and lower circulating iron. Over the 96-hour study, this treatment was associated with an improved metabolic profile (pH, lactate), less lung injury, reversal of shock, and increased survival. Haptoglobin binding compartmentalized CFH to the intravascular space. This observation, in combination with increasing CFHs clearance, reduced available iron as a potential source of bacterial nutrition while decreasing the ability for CFH and iron to cause extravascular oxidative tissue injury. In contrast, haptoglobin therapy had no measurable antiinflammatory effect on elevations in proinflammatory C-reactive protein and cytokine levels. Haptoglobin therapy enhances normal host defense mechanisms in contrast to previously studied antiinflammatory sepsis therapies, making it a biologically plausible novel approach to treat septic shock

Randomized Dose-Ranging Controlled Trial of AQ-13, a Candidate Antimalarial, and Chloroquine in Healthy Volunteers

OBJECTIVES: To determine: (1) the pharmacokinetics and safety of an investigational aminoquinoline active against multidrug–resistant malaria parasites (AQ-13), including its effects on the QT interval, and (2) whether it has pharmacokinetic and safety profiles similar to chloroquine (CQ) in humans. DESIGN: Phase I double-blind, randomized controlled trials to compare AQ-13 and CQ in healthy volunteers. Randomizations were performed at each step after completion of the previous dose. SETTING: Tulane–Louisiana State University–Charity Hospital General Clinical Research Center in New Orleans. PARTICIPANTS: 126 healthy adults 21–45 years of age. INTERVENTIONS: 10, 100, 300, 600, and 1,500 mg oral doses of CQ base in comparison with equivalent doses of AQ-13. OUTCOME MEASURES: Clinical and laboratory adverse events (AEs), pharmacokinetic parameters, and QT prolongation. RESULTS: No hematologic, hepatic, renal, or other organ toxicity was observed with AQ-13 or CQ at any dose tested. Headache, lightheadedness/dizziness, and gastrointestinal (GI) tract–related symptoms were the most common AEs. Although symptoms were more frequent with AQ-13, the numbers of volunteers who experienced symptoms with AQ-13 and CQ were similar (for AQ-13 and CQ, respectively: headache, 17/63 and 10/63, p = 0.2; lightheadedness/dizziness, 11/63 and 8/63, p = 0.6; GI symptoms, 14/63 and 13/63; p = 0.9). Both AQ-13 and CQ exhibited linear pharmacokinetics. However, AQ-13 was cleared more rapidly than CQ (respectively, median oral clearance 14.0–14.7 l/h versus 9.5–11.3 l/h; p ≤ 0.03). QTc prolongation was greater with CQ than AQ-13 (CQ: mean increase of 28 ms; 95% confidence interval [CI], 18 to 38 ms, versus AQ-13: mean increase of 10 ms; 95% CI, 2 to 17 ms; p = 0.01). There were no arrhythmias or other cardiac AEs with either AQ-13 or CQ. CONCLUSIONS: These studies revealed minimal differences in toxicity between AQ-13 and CQ, and similar linear pharmacokinetics

Static strength of structural adhesive joints: statistical analysis and design parameter correlation based on an extensive experimental campaign

ABSTRACT The goal of the present research was to find reference surfaces that would interpolate the results of a vast test campaign, performed on several epoxy adhesives, varying numerous parameters, and estimate static failure load values of joints characterized by identical geometries, but different dimensions. Results obtained from static shear tests of single-lap and double-lap specimens were statistically processed using Student\u2019s unilateral test with confidence level of 99%. A multivariate regression was then applied in order to obtain polynomial functions able to describe the interpolation surface. In order to test the validity of the model, failure loads were calculated for two geometrical configurations within the dimensional range used in the experimental test campaign. These values were compared with those obtained from additional experiments, relative to the same geometries. The comparison confirmed the reliability of the developed model. Tendencies that could be translated into geometries characterized by different dimensions of the tested joints were sought, thanks to the experimental data for as much as 4 adhesives and 2 adherends. Scale factors were calculated that allow, in initial design phases, to estimate realistic failure loads based on initial indications, limited to a single geometry used by producers of adhesives in mechanical characterization