The role of Attachment Insecurity in the emergency of anxiety symptoms in children and adolescent with migraine: an empirical study

Background: It is widely recognised that there are associations between headache, psychiatric comorbidity and attachment insecurity in both adults and children. The aims of this study were: 1) to compare perceived attachment security and anxiety in children and adolescents with migraine without aura and a healthy control group; 2) to test whether the child’s perceived security of attachment to the mother and the father mediated the association between migraine and anxiety. Methods: One hundred children and adolescents with Migraine without Aura were compared with a control group of 100 children without headache. The Security Scale (measures perceived security of attachments) and the Self-Administered Psychiatric Scales for Children and Adolescents, a measure of anxiety symptoms, were administered to all participants. Results: The clinical group had lower attachment security than the control group and higher scores on all anxiety scales. Anxiety was negatively correlated with attachment. Children’s attachment to their mother mediated the increase in global anxiety in the clinical group. Insecure paternal attachment was associated with greater insecurity in maternal attachment, suggesting that there is a complex pathway from migraine to anxiety symptoms mediated by perceived insecurity of paternal attachment and hence also by perceived insecurity of maternal attachment. Conclusion: These results suggest that insecure parental attachment may exacerbate anxiety in children and adolescents with migraine and point to the importance of multimodal interventions, perhaps taking account of family relationships, for children and adolescents with migraine

INTERCOMPRENSIONE E INCLUSIONE NELLA SCUOLA PRIMARIA

none2A teaching experience aimed at spreading an inclusive-oriented approach to intercomprehension (or IC) in primary schools is described and discussed in this article. In detail, its goal is to monitor listening comprehension and meaning recognition of Italianspeaking students (68 pupils) in two foreign Romance languages, while testing accessible learning materials, adapted for the needs of dyslexic children. In order to accomplish this goal, the story Tommaso e l’anguria by Mauro Scarpa (2019) is presented in Spanish and French, supported by images in kamishibai format, and children are asked to express their metacognitive knowledge about listening in L2. Data analysis is based on two post-listening monitoring activities and is primarily quantitative. Results show that the young learners understood the global meaning of the story; moreover, they recognised the meaning of more than 50% of the words in Spanish, while in French the percentage was lower. Although the young learner with dyslexia successfully completed all pedagogical tasks, results show that some graphic changes in the paper lexical recognition test are required. The analysis thus confirms the inclusive potential of the intercomprehension-based approach based on the development of L2 oral skills in primary school.Leone, Paola, Fiorenza, ElisaLeone, Paola; Fiorenza, Elis

On Formulae for Wave Transmission at Submerged and Low-Crested Breakwaters

Submerged and low-crested breakwaters are nearshore barriers with an underwater or slightly emergent crest, designed to reduce the energy of wave attacks and, consequently, to protect the coast from erosion and flooding. Their performance in reducing the wave energy can be evaluated by the value of the wave transmission coefficient, which thus requires accurate prediction. In the last few decades, several experimental investigations allowed the development of several formulae to predict this coefficient that agreed well within the given range of validity. In the present study, a comprehensive review of the existing formulae has been reported and the influence of input design variables has been highlighted. Moreover, an extensive set of experimental data has been collected and critically examined and re-analyzed to obtain a homogenous up-to-date database. Special attention has been addressed to the assessment of the reliability of each existing formula for and to evaluate its performance beyond the validity limits for which it was developed

Fe-doped sol-gel glasses and glass-ceramics for magnetic hyperthermia

This work deals with the synthesis and characterization of novel Fe-containing sol-gel materials obtained by modifying the composition of a binary SiO2-CaO parent glass with the addition of Fe2O3. The effect of different processing conditions (calcination in air vs. argon flowing) on the formation of magnetic crystalline phases was investigated. The produced materials were analyzed from thermal (hot-stage microscopy, differential thermal analysis, and differential thermal calorimetry) and microstructural (X-ray diffraction) viewpoints to assess both the behavior upon heating and the development of crystalline phases. N2 adsorption–desorption measurements allowed determining that these materials have high surface area (40–120 m2/g) and mesoporous texture with mesopore size in the range of 18 to 30 nm. It was assessed that the magnetic properties can actually be tailored by controlling the Fe content and the environmental conditions (oxidant vs. inert atmosphere) during calcination. The glasses and glass-ceramics developed in this work show promise for applications in bone tissue healing which require the use of biocompatible magnetic implants able to elicit therapeutic actions, such as hyperthermia for bone cancer treatment

Transient ALT Activation Protects Human Primary Cells From Chromosome Instability Induced by Low Chronic Oxidative Stress

Cells are often subjected to the effect of reactive oxygen species (ROS) as a result of both intracellular metabolism and exposure to exogenous factors. ROS-dependent oxidative stress can induce 8-oxodG within the GGG triplet found in the G-rich human telomeric sequence (TTAGGG), making telomeres highly susceptible to ROS-induced oxidative damage. Telomeres are nucleoprotein complexes that protect the ends of linear chromosomes and their dysfunction is believed to affect a wide range of cellular and/or organismal processes. Acute oxidative stress was shown to affect telomere integrity, but how prolonged low level oxidative stress, which may be more physiologically relevant, affects telomeres is still poorly investigated. Here, we explored this issue by chronically exposing human primary fibroblasts to a low dose of hydrogen peroxide. We observed fluctuating changes in telomere length and fluctuations in the rates of chromosome instability phenotypes, such that when telomeres shortened, chromosome instability increased and when telomeres lengthened, chromosome instability decreased. We found that telomere length fluctuation is associated with transient activation of an alternative lengthening of telomere (ALT) pathway, but found no evidence of cell death, impaired proliferation, or cell cycle arrest, suggesting that ALT activation may prevent oxidative damage from reaching levels that threaten cell survival

Use of Nanosilica for Increasing Dune Erosion Resistance during a Sea Storm

none6siopenLeone, E.; Kobayashi, N.; Francone, A.; De Bartolo, S.; Strafella, D.; D’Alessandro, F.; Tomasicchio, G.R.,Leone, E.; Kobayashi, N.; Francone, A.; De Bartolo, S.; Strafella, D.; D’Alessandro, F.; Tomasicchio, G. R

Direct Scaling of Measure on Vortex Shedding through a Flapping Flag Device in the Open Channel around a Cylinder at Re ∼ 10^3: Taylor’s Law Approach.

none8noThe problem of vortex shedding, which occurs when an obstacle is placed in a regular flow, is governed by Reynolds and Strouhal numbers, known by dimensional analysis. The present work aims to propose a thin films-based device, consisting of an elastic piezoelectric flapping flag clamped at one end, in order to determine the frequency of vortex shedding downstream an obstacle for a flow field at Reynolds number Re∼103 in the open channel. For these values, Strouhal number obtained in such way is in accordance with the results known in literature. Moreover, the development of the voltage over time, generated by the flapping flag under the load due to flow field, shows a highly fluctuating behavior and satisfies Taylor’s law, observed in several complex systems. This provided useful information about the flow field through the constitutive law of the device.openSamuele De Bartolo, Massimo De Vittorio, Antonio Francone, Francesco Guido, Elisa Leone, Vincenzo Mariano Mastronardi, Andrea Notaro, Giuseppe Roberto TomasicchioDE BARTOLO, Samuele; DE VITTORIO, Massimo; Francone, Antonio; Guido, Francesco; Leone, Elisa; Mariano Mastronardi, Vincenzo; Notaro, Andrea; Tomasicchio, Giusepp