40 research outputs found
Use of the Hospital Survey of Patient Safety Culture in Norwegian Hospitals: A Systematic Review
This review aims to provide an overview of empirical studies using the HSOPSC in Norway and to develop recommendations for further research on patient safety culture. Oria, an online catalogue of scientific databases, was searched for patient safety culture in February 2021. In addition, three articles were identified via Google Scholar searches. Out of 113 retrieved articles, a total of 20 articles were included in our review. These were divided into three categories: seven perception studies, six intervention studies, and seven reliability and validation studies. The first study conducted in Norway indicated a need to improve patient safety culture. Only one intervention study was able to substantially improve patient safety culture. The validity of HSOPSC is supported in most studies. However, one study indicated poor quality in relation to the testing of criteria related to validity. This review is limited to Norwegian healthcare but has several relevant implications across the research field, namely that intervention studies should (1) validate dimensions more carefully, (2) avoid pitfalls related to both factor analysis methods and criteria validity testing, (3) consider integrating structural models into multilevel improvement programs, and (4) benefit from applying different, new versions of HSOPSC developed in Norway.publishedVersio
Qualitative research as reflexive process: a word limitation challenge in qualitative medical research publications?
acceptedVersio
Pasienterfaringer etter dagkirurgi â oversettelse og validering av spørreskjemaet Quality of Recovery-15 (QoR-15nor)
Samfunnsutviklingen medfører økt etterspørsel etter helsetjenester, noe som øker presset pü sykehusene. Som en respons pü dette gjennomføres en økende andel kirurgiske inngrep dagkirurgisk. Pasienterfaringer sidestilles med andre kvalitetsparametre for helsetjenestekvalitet, som for eksempel infeksjonsforekomst eller liggetid. Kunnskapssenteret har utarbeidet et spørreskjema med 24 spørsmül som fokuserer pü pasienterfaringer etter dagkirurgi. Dette skjemaet kartlegger pasientens erfaringer, men i mindre grad pasientrapporterte postoperative symptomer. Spørreskjemaet Quality of Recovery-15 (QoR-15) er et internasjonalt anerkjent spørreskjema som kan benyttes som verktøy for ü kartlegge pasienters symptomer etter et dagkirurgisk inngrep. Skjemaet er ikke oversatt og validert pü norsk.publishedVersio
What if something happens tonight? A qualitative study of primary care physiciansâ perspectives on an alternative to hospital admittance
Background
Due to demographic changes, hospital emergency departments in many countries are overcrowded. Internationally, several primary healthcare models have been introduced as alternatives to hospitalisation. In Norway, municipal acute wards (MAWs) have been implemented as primary care wards that provide observation and medical treatment for 24âh. The intention is to replace hospitalisation for patients who require acute admission but not specialist healthcare services. The aim of this study was to explore primary care physiciansâ (PCPsâ) perspectives on admission to a MAW as an alternative to hospitalisation.
Methods
The study had a qualitative design, including interviews with 21 PCPs in a county in southeastern Norway. Data were analysed with a thematic approach.
Results
The PCPs described uncertainty when referring patients to the MAW because of the fewer diagnostic opportunities there than in the hospital. Admission of patients to the MAW was assumed to be unsafe for both PCPs, MAW nurses and physicians. The PCPs assumed that medical competence was lower at the MAW than in the hospital, which led to scepticism about whether their tentative diagnoses would be reconsidered if needed and whether a deterioration of the patientsâ condition would be detected. When referring patients to a MAW, the PCPs experienced disagreements with MAW personnel about the suitability of the patient. The PCPs emphasised the importance of patientsâ and relativesâ participation in decisions about the level of treatment. Nevertheless, such participation was not always possible, especially when patientsâ wishes conflicted with what PCPs considered professionally sound.
Conclusions
The PCPs reported concerns regarding the use of MAWs as an alternative to hospitalisation. These concerns were related to fewer diagnostic opportunities, lower medical expertise throughout the day, uncertainty about the selection of patients and challenges with user participation. Consequently, these concerns had an impact on how the PCPs utilised MAW services.publishedVersio
Nurse competence in the interface between primary- and tertiary healthcare
Aims
(a) To explore nursesâ selfâassessed competence and perceived need for more training in primary and tertiary healthcare services; and (b) to investigate the factors associated with these issues.
Design
Quantitative, crossâsectional, descriptive.
Methods
The ProffNurseSAS, the Job Satisfaction Scale and socioâdemographics were used. A convenient sampling method was used to invite registered nurses from 23 primary (N = 104) and tertiary care wards (N = 26).
Results
Five significant differences in selfâassessed competence were identified, with none regarding the perceived need for more training between nurses working in primary versus tertiary health care. Nurses in primary health care had longer experience, and a larger proportion had continuing education. Nevertheless, this was not associated with either selfâassessed competence or the perceived need for more training. Years of experience, training or reported job satisfaction was not associated with the items on the ProffNurseSAS.
Conclusion
Findings indicate that nursesâ competence is same in primary and tertiary healthcare settings. Moreover, the findings of this research highlight areas that need further improvement and emphasis from both leaders and educational institutions when they attempt to ensure nursesâ competence.publishedVersio
Efficacy of a TAP block versus an anterior QLB for laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair: A randomised controlled trial
Background
Both the transversus abdominis plane (TAP) block and the anterior quadratus lumborum block (QLB) have been shown effective in reducing postoperative pain after laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair. Our hypothesis was that there is no difference in analgesic effect between the two blocks for this procedure.
Methods
In this prospective, double-blind, randomised controlled study, 60 adult patients undergoing laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair were equally randomly assigned to either a preoperative TAP block or an anterior QLB. The primary outcome was oral morphine equivalent (OME) consumption at 4 h postoperatively. Secondary outcomes were OME consumption at 24, 48âh and 7âdays, pain scores at rest and when coughing, nausea, and level of sedation measured at 1, 2, 3, 24, and 48âh and 7âdays postoperatively.
Results
Fifty-three patients completed the study. There was no significant difference in OME consumption at 4 h postoperatively, TAP group (10.3âÂąâ7.85âmg) (meanâÂąâSD) versus the anterior QLB group (10.9âÂąâ10.85âmg) (p = .713). The pain scores were similar at rest and when coughing during the 7 day observation period, as were the level of sedation and incidence of nausea. There were no cases of serious side-effects or muscle weakness of the thigh on the same side as the block.
Conclusion
There is no difference in OME consumption, pain, nausea or sedation between the TAP and the anterior QLB. Thus, the choice between the two blocks in a clinical setting of laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair should be based on other aspects, such as skills, practicalities, and potential risks.publishedVersio
Prehospital assessment and management of postpartum haemorrhageâ healthcare personnelâs experiences and perspectives
Background
Postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) is a serious obstetric emergency, and one of the top five causes of maternal mortality globally. The most common causes of PPH include uterine atony, placental disorders, birth trauma and coagulation defects. Timely diagnosis and early management are critical to reduce morbidity, the need for blood transfusion or even mortality. External, manual aortic compression (AC) has been suggested as an intervention that reduce PPH and extend time for control of bleeding or resuscitation. This procedure is not commonly utilized by healthcare personnel. The incidence of home-births is increasing, and competence in PPH assessment and management is essential in prehospital personnel. The objective was to explore prehospital personnelâs competence in PPH and AC, utilizing different tools.
Methods
The study was conducted in a county in South-eastern Norway, including five ambulance stations. All prehospital personnel (nâ=â250) were invited to participate in a questionnaire study. The questionnaire included the PPH self-efficacy (PPHSE) and PPH collective efficacy (PPHCE) tools, as well as tool developed utilizing the Delphi technique. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the quantitative data, while quantitative content analysis was used to analyse free-text responses.
Results
A total of 87 prehospital personnel responded to the questionnaire, 57.5% male, mean age 37.9âyears. In total, 80.4% were ambulance workers and/or paramedics, and 96.6 and 97.7% respectively reported to need more education or training in PPH. Moreover, 82.8% reported having managed patient(s) with PPH, but only 2.9% had performed AC. Prehospital personnelsâ responses varied extensively regarding knowledge about what PPH is, how to estimate and handle PPH, and how to perform AC. Mean self-efficacy varied from 3.3 to 5.6, while collective efficacy varied from 1.9 to 3.8.
Conclusions
This study indicates that prehospital personnel lack knowledge about PPH and AC, due to various responses to the developed questionnaire. Even though AC is an acknowledged intervention in PPH, few participants reported that this was utilized. Our findings emphasize the need for education and training in PPH and PPH handling generally, and in AC specifically.publishedVersio
Patient experiences and predictors in an acute geriatric ward: a cross-sectional study
Aims and objectives
To investigate older peoplesâ experiences with acute hospital treatment and care, and variables that may influence these experiences.
Background
In the Nordic countries, research on older peoplesâ experiences with hospital care is sparse.
Methods
Participants were recruited from an acute geriatric ward in a hospital in Norway during a 1âyear period (n = 189). Patient experience was assessed using the Picker Patient Experience Questionnaire, selfârated health by EuroâQoL 5âdimension, threeâlevel version and comorbidity by Charlson comorbidity index.
Results
Respondersâ median age was 79 years, 48.7% male. Most of the problems were related to continuity and transition, while fewest problems were related to respect for patient preferences. Charlson comorbidity index score and the variables âstill working,â âin a relationshipâ and âliving aloneâ negatively influenced patient experience.
Conclusions
A high amount of problems were identified among patients hospitalised in an acute geriatric ward. Findings from this study may provide important information about issues that need focus to increase the care experiences of older people.
Relevance to clinical practice
Results from this study adds to existing knowledge, and emphasize the need for increased focus on discharge and continuity of care processes.acceptedVersio
The aftermath of surviving a sudden cardiac arrest for young exercisers- a qualitative study in Norway
Background: When surviving a sudden cardiac arrest (SCA), physical, cognitive, and emotional efects of surviving may be present for months or years. The survivorsâ family and colleagues are also highly afected by the incident. There is little knowledge about experiences of surviving SCA in individuals who prior to the incident were young and reported to exercise regularly. Consequently, the aim of this study was to explore the aftermath of surviving a SCA in young, regular exercisers. Methods: The study had a qualitative design, conducting in-depth individual interviews with SCA survivors<50 years of age reporting to exerciseâĽ5 h/week and/or who sufered SCA during or less than 60 min after exercise. The data were analysed using systematic text condensation in-line with recommendations from Malterud. Results: 18 of 31 eligible participants were included in the study. Through analysis we identifed âEstablishing a new everyday lifeâ as superordinate category, with subordinate categories a) being part of my surroundings, b) expecting normality but facing a new reality and c) lucky to be alive! Conclusion: This study adds knowledge about young and regular exercisersâ experiences after surviving a SCA. The obligations of everyday life in young survivors of SCA often imply a high work load and complex tasks, e.g. due to being in the beginning of their career or even still studying. Healthcare personnel, as well as the society, need to acknowledge that although lucky to be alive and apparently well-functioning, young survivors of SCA may have perâsistent challenges that cause frustration and reduced quality of life.publishedVersio
Spread of local anesthetics after erector spinae plane block: an MRI study in healthy volunteers
Background Erector spinae plane block (ESPB) is a truncal fascial block with a disputed mechanism and anatomical site of effect. This study aimed to perform a one-sided ESPB and use MRI to investigate the spread of the local anesthetic (LA) and the corresponding cutaneous loss of sensation to pinprick and cold. Methods Ten volunteers received a right-sided ESPB at the level of the seventh thoracic vertebra (Th7), consisting of 30âmL 2.5âmg/mL ropivacaine with 0.3âmL gadolinium. The primary outcome was the evaluation of the spread of LA on MRI 1-hour postblock. The secondary outcome was the loss of sensation to cold and pinprick 30â50âmin after the block was performed. Results All volunteers had a spread of LA on MRI in the erector spinae muscles and to the intercostal space. 9/10 had spread to the paravertebral space and 8/10 had spread to the neural foramina. 4/10 volunteers had spread to the epidural space. One volunteer had extensive epidural spread as well as contralateral epidural and foraminal spread. Four volunteers had a loss of sensation both posterior and anterior to the midaxillary line, while six volunteers had a loss of sensation only on the posterior side. Conclusion We found that LA consistently spreads to the intercostal space, the paravertebral space, and the neural foramina after an ESPB. Epidural spread was evident in four volunteers. Sensory testing 30â50âmin after an ESPB shows highly variable results, and generally under-represents what could be expected from the visualized spread on MRI 60âmin after block performance. Trial registration number NCT05012332.publishedVersio